ABSTRACT
Ophioglossum vulgatum L. (O. vulgatum) is a species of fern used in traditional Chinese medicine, however, its application in cosmetics has not yet been studied. This study obtained O. vulgatum extract using 70% ethanol solution and evaporation. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) analysis identified many active components in O. vulgatum extract, such as polyols, amino acids, and flavonoids. A Pickering emulsion of O. vulgatum extract was also prepared, stabilized by a type of carbon dot based on l-arginine (CDs-Arg). The prepared Pickering emulsion was characterized by metallographic microscope and contact angle measurement. The results demonstrated that it was a pH-responsive O/W emulsion. Facial cleanser was then created using the prepared Pickering emulsion as the main component. When squeezed onto hands, the cleanser produced many delicate foams and caused no skin irritation. The prepared Pickering emulsion facilitated the use of O. vulgatum in facial cleanser.
ABSTRACT
A novel chromium sulfide-cobalt oxide nanostructures and decorated on Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-chitosan (CS) nanocomposites as catalyst was synthesized by a facile method, and characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis and XPS spectrum. The as-prepared Cr2S3-Co3O4/PEGCS composites represented the photo-decompose efficiency against the decomposition of basic dye (Rhodamine B (RhB)). The band gap of nano-catalyst was determined to be in the range of 2.61 to 3.32 eV. The introduction of Cr2S3 into Co3O4 increased the photocatalytic performance slightly, and decoration of Cr2S3-Co3O4 on PEGCS, which indicated the highest photo-degradation performance. Under the light irradiation, the active species OH and O2- radicals were important active agents in the photocatalysis process. The Cr2S3-Co3O4/PEGCS nanocomposites can maintain a stable photocatalysis performance after five cycles. Finally, the reaction mechanism of photo-degradation of RhB was put forward. The antibacterial test demonstrated the remarkable properties of Cr2S3-Co3O4/PEGCS nanocomposites in this research.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Antioxidants/chemistry , Chitosan/chemistry , Chromium Compounds/chemistry , Cobalt/chemistry , Nanocomposites/chemistry , Polyethylene/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Catalysis , Photochemical Processes/drug effects , Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry , Rhodamines/chemistry , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
Using 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C(8)MIM][PF(6)]) ionic liquid as extraction solvent, organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) (parathion, phoxim, phorate and chlorpyifos) in water were determined by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extraction procedure was induced by the formation of cloudy solution, which was composed of fine drops of [C(8)MIM][PF(6)] dispersed entirely into sample solution with the help of disperser solvent (methanol). Parameters including extraction solvent and its volume, disperser solvent and its volume, extraction time, centrifugal time, salt addition, extraction temperature and sample pH were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, up to 200-fold enrichment factor of analytes and acceptable extraction recovery (>70%) were obtained. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 10.5-1045.0 microg L(-1) for parathion, 10.2-1020.0 microg L(-1) for phoxim, 54.5-1089.0 microg L(-1) for phorate and 27.2-1089.0 microg L(-1) for chlorpyifos, respectively. The limits of detection calculated at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 were in the range of 0.1-5.0 microg L(-1). The relative standard deviations for seven replicate experiments at 200 microg L(-1) concentration level were less than 4.7%. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of four different sources water samples (tap, well, rain and Yellow River water) and the relative recoveries of spiked water samples are 99.9-115.4%, 101.8-113.7% and 87.3-117.6% at three different concentration levels of 75, 200 and 1000 microg L(-1), respectively.
