ABSTRACT
Ovarian serous carcinoma (OSC) is semimalignant ovarian tumors that localized in the ovary at the initial presentation, and can be surgically resected in an excellent prognosis. In contrast, surgical treatment plus adjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian malignant epithelial cancer (OMEC) is the standard treatment stratagem that is painful with poor prognosis and cost quite expensively. Thus, the accurate preoperative differentiation of OSC from OMEC is important for determining the treatment methods and decreasing the cost for individual patients. This study aims to determine whether contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) together with CA19-9/CA125 can improve the ability to differentiate ovarian serous carcinoma from ovarian malignant epithelial cancer. The positive rate of cancer antigen (CA) 199 and CA125 in ovarian malignant epithelial tumors was 68% and 94%, respectively, which was a higher incidence than in the serous carcinoma. The mean serum CA19-9 and CA125 concentration was significantly higher in the patients with ovarian malignant epithelial tumors (CA19-9, 514.0â±â104.8âU/mL; CA125, 440.0â±â154.8âU/mL) than that in the patients with ovarian serous carcinoma (CA19-9, 58.0â±â14.3âU/mL; CA125, 63.0â±â25.8âU/mL). The time to peak in ovarian serous carcinoma was significantly longer than in ovarian malignant epithelial tumors. However, the peak intensity, area under the curve, and washout time in ovarian serous carcinoma were significantly lower than in ovarian malignant epithelial tumors. The addition of CA19-9/CA125 increased the sensitivities from 79% CEUS only to 85% for CEUS plus CA19-9/CA125 data, and increased the specificities from 65% CEUS only to 91% for CEUS plus the CA19-9/CA125 information. Thus, the addition of the serum CA19-9/CA125 levels to parametric CEUS data was of significant diagnostic value for differentiating OSC from OMEC.
Subject(s)
CA-125 Antigen/blood , CA-19-9 Antigen/blood , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial , Ovarian Neoplasms , Ovary , Ultrasonography/methods , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/blood , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/diagnosis , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/blood , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/blood , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Ovary/diagnostic imaging , Ovary/pathology , Patient Selection , Preoperative Care/methods , PrognosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a serious public health concern for men worldwide. However, the risk factors for PCa remain largely unclear. Aim of this study was to investigate statistical associations between the risk of prostate cancer and the rs1058205 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the KLK3 gene, which encodes the prostate specific antigen (PSA), in a case-control study of Han Chinese men in Northeast China. METHODS: Using a high-resolution melting curve genotyping method, we determined the genotype and allele distributions of rs1058205 in 2 groups of Han Chinese men, consisting of 268 PCa patients and 298 healthy control subjects. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between rs1058205 genotypes and the risk of PCa. Tumor staging and Gleason score were included in a stratified analysis of PCa risk. RESULTS: The frequency of the TC genotype of rs1058205 in the PCa group was significantly lower than that in the control group (Pâ=â0.049). The serum PSA level in participants with the TC genotype was significantly lower than that of the TT and CC genotypes in both the PCa and control groups (Pâ<â0.010 for both). The TT genotype was associated with PCa, both with and without adjustment for age (Pâ<â0.010 and Pâ=â0.047, respectively). The TT genotype was also associated with the moderate- and high-risk PCa categories (Pâ=â0.007 and 0.027, respectively). CONCLUSION: The TT genotype may represent a useful biomarker for identifying high risk of PCa and as a postoperative prognosticator in Chinese PCa patients.
Subject(s)
Kallikreins/genetics , Prostate-Specific Antigen/genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Aged , Asian People/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
Endothelial dysfunction is thought to be a major cause of vascular complications in diabetes. Our research shows that ghrelin attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304). Exposure to glucose (33.3mM) for 72 h caused a significant increase in apoptosis, as evaluated by TUNEL and flow cytometry, but pretreatment of ghrelin (10(-7)M) eliminated high glucose-induced apoptosis in ECV-304. Ghrelin also prevented the induction of caspase-3 activation, in cells incubated with glucose (33.3 mM). Exposure of cells to ghrelin (10(-7)M) caused rapid activation of Akt. PI3K inhibitor, LY294002 attenuated ghrelin's inhibitory effect on caspase-3 activity. Ghrelin protected endothelial cells from high glucose by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Results of our study indicate that ghrelin inhibits both high glucose-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway and ROS production in ECV-304. This peptide may have potential in preventing diabetic complications, especially in obese patients.
