ABSTRACT
The situation of prevention of non-neonatal tetanus in China is severe. Strengthening the active immunization with tetanus toxoid vaccine (TTCV) is the key to prevent the non-neonatal tetanus. Through the detection of tetanus antibody (TAB), the immune status of individual can be determined, so as to implement the active immunization of TTCV correctly. The research on TAB detection technology is stagnant in aboard, but still in a development process in China since there is a realistic demand for TAB detection. This review collects relatively limited data of TAB detection technology in China, and summarizes the techniques such as mice toxin neutralization test (MTNT), indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), double agar gel immune diffusion test (Rubin method), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colloidal gold (CG), in order to provide a comprehensive basis for domestic TAB detection. The TAB detection technology in China has not yet achieved international recognition due to the lack of comparative study of domestic and international institutions and reference reagents. The special domestic situation of tetanus prevention makes the research of TAB detection technology have a certain practical significance, and rapid detection reagents such as ELISA and CG method have a certain application value in China.
ABSTRACT
The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A virus, which is absent from the viral particle, but highly expressed in infected cells, strongly antagonizes the interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response. We engineered an NS1-expressing 293 (293-NS1) cell line with no response to IFN stimulation. Compared with the parental 293 cells, the IFN-nonresponsive 293-NS1 cells improved the growth capacity of various viruses, but the introduction of NS1 barely enhanced the propagation of Tahyna virus, a negative-strand RNA virus. In particular, fastidious enteric adenovirus that replicates poorly in 293 cells may grow more efficiently in 293-NS1 cells; thus, IFN-nonresponsive 293-NS1 cells might be of great value in diagnostic laboratories for the cultivation and isolation of human enteric adenoviruses.
