[Effects of exogenous EBR and NO signal on antioxidant system and low response gene expression under cold stress on maize embryo].

In this study, Xianyu 335, a maize hybrid, was used to investigate the effects of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR, a synthetic BR) on antioxidant capacity and low-temperature response gene expression in maize embryo germination under low temperature (LT) stress. The germination rate of maize seeds under LT stress was not affected by EBR, but the seed activity index and seedling growth were improved. EBR increased the activities of some antioxidative enzymes including SOD, POD, CAT and GR, and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as GSH and proline, and induced the accumulation of nitric oxide (NO). NO scavenging c-PTIO and NOS inhibitor L- NAME decreased but NO donor SNP increased the enzyme activities of CAT and POD, and the content of proline, indicating NO mediated the EBR-induced antioxidant capacity. The gene expression pattern analysis showed that the expression of P5CS1, CBF1, CBF3 and COR15a was induced by LT stress, and further increased by EBR treatment in maize embryo, while their expression was suppressed by c-PTIO and L-NAME, and improved by SNP, which implied LT-responsed genes were regulated by NO. These results demonstrated that NO was involved in the EBR-induced LT tolerance in maize embryo by modulating the antioxidative capacity and the expression of LT-responsive genes.

[The restoration of large mandibular defect with telescopic crown- retained prostheses: report of one case].

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility and clinical result of restoration of large mandibular defect with telescopic crown- retained prostheses. METHODS: One patient who suffered from large mandibular defect was restored with fixed-removable prostheses, with the telescope crowns as the retainer on the lower right second molar and left first, second molar. RESULTS: The prostheses with telescope crown could be seated freely in the patient's mouth. The function of mastication and phonetics were restored. The appearance of the patient was also improved. CONCLUSION: The restoration of large mandibular defect with telescopic crown- retained prostheses is feasible, with satisfactory clinical result.

[Masticatory efficiency and phonetics effects of double dentition denture for cleft lip and palate patients with different base design].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the masticatory efficiency and phonetics in patients with cleft lip and palate before and after double dentition denture treatment, and determine the results of the treatment. METHODS: 6 patients who had cleft lip and palate with defect smaller than 1 cm x 1 cm or submucous cleft palate were selected to undergo double dentition denture treatment. Two kinds of base design were used. One was with artificial teeth and buccal base only. The other was with artificial teeth and base on both the buccal and palatal sides. Masticatory efficiency and phonetics effect were tested before and immediately after treatment and 1 month after treatment. The data were analyzed using SPSS11.0 software package for paired t test. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference in masticatory efficiency, before and immediately after treatment and 1 month after treatment (P < 0.01). As for phonetics , there was statistically significant difference on F2 and F3 before and immediately after treatment as well as 1 month after treatment (P < 0.05). While there were no statistically significant difference both on masticatory efficiency and phonetics between the two kinds of design. CONCLUSION: Both the two kinds of treatment can improve the masticatory efficiency and phonetics effectively. It is not necessary to use the palatal base when the defect is smaller than 1 cm x 1 cm or submucous cleft palate present.

[Evaluation of the speech outcomes in patients with unilateral maxillary defect rehabilitated with maxillary obturator prosthesis].

PURPOSE: Evaluation of the outcomes in 15 patients with unilateral maxillary defect before and after maxillofacial obturator prosthesis. METHODS: 15 patients with unilateral maxillary defect were included in this study, who received obturator prosthesis for maxillary rehabilitation. The pronunciation of the examined phonetics such as /a/, /o/, /e/, /i/, /u/ were transferred into CSL4400 before and after treatment. The mean value of the first, second, third formant were measured. Paired t test of SPSS11.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference on F2 and F3 before and after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment the value of F3 was increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The soft palate was reconstructed after obturator treatment. The space between the nasal and oral cavity was sealed,through which a similar normal oral cavity was obtained. Except F1, F2 and F3 of all the vowels changed after treatment. Maxillofacial prosthesis can improve the speech function of patients with unilateral maxillary defect effectively.

[Retention and rehabilitation of complex maxillofacial defects based on bar-clip and stud attachment].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the application of precise attachment in restoration of complicated maxillofacial defect. METHODS: A framework with bar-clip and stud attachment was designed and fabricated. Maxillofacial prosthesis with this framework was applied to treat a patient with defects of nose, entire upper lip and the corresponding maxillofacial areas. The retention force was tested with Universal Testing Device. RESULTS: After treatment, the patient got a better appearance, normal function of mastication and clear pronunciation. The dislodgement test showed the retention force was 40N. CONCLUSION: Application of precise attachment in complicated maxillofacial defects can get satisfactory result.

[The analysis of masticatory efficiency after maxillofacial prosthetic treatment for unilateral maxillary defect].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinic results of maxillofacial prosthetic treatment for unilateral maxillary defect. METHODS: Masticatory efficiency was tested before and after maxillofacial prosthetic treatment for unilateral maxillary defect. RESULTS: There was significant difference between one week, one month, three months after treatment and before treatment(F = 0.635, P = 0.002). Masticatory efficiency was increased by 59.98% after one month. CONCLUSION: Maxillofacial prosthetic treatment can significantly increase the masticatory efficiency of unilateral maxillary defect. It remains stable one month later.