[Brief discussion about role and measures of scientific fertilization in ecological cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials].

The ecological planting of Chinese medicinal materials is a cultivation technology that takes into account both ecological and economic benefits, and takes scientific planting technology as a guide to achieve the goal of high quality, high yield and efficiency of Chinese medicinal materials and the sustainable and healthy development of Chinese medicinal materials planting. Among them, scientific fertilization is an important measure to realize the ecological planting of Chinese medicinal materials. In recent years, the social economy has developed rapidly. In the production of Chinese herbal medicines, a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have been gradually used to increase short-term economic benefits. The unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has neglected the output, quality, safety, environmental pollution and environmental protection of medicinal materials. The impact of continuous development. Therefore, from the perspective of research on cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials, this article briefly describes the role and measures of scientific fertilization in ecological planting of Chinese medicinal materials. The roles of scientific fertilization in solving soil pollution and soil quality deterioration of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, sustainable deve-lopment of Chinese herbal medicine production, unstable production quality of Chinese herbal medicine products, and quality safety are summarized separately. It is proposed measures based on the characteristics of soil fertilization, the growth and development characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials as the core, and the industrial planting model as the carrier to promote scientific fertilization in the cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials. Finally, the development direction of scientific fertilization and ecological plan-ting of traditional Chinese medicine is prospected, in order to provide support and reference for the development of ecological planting of traditional Chinese medicine.

High expression of MAGE-A9 is associated with unfavorable survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Melanoma-associated antigens (MAGEs) are a group of well-characterized members of the cancer/testis antigen family, which are expressed in a variety of malignant tumors. MAGE-A9, a subfamily of MAGE-As, has been studied in a number of types of cancer and have been associated with unfavorable survival outcome. However, the expression of MAGE-A9 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and association of MAGE-A9 with the clinicopathological characteristics of ESCC, particularly prognostic characteristics, remains unknown. The present study aimed at determining the expression level of MAGE-A9 and at evaluating its clinical significance in human ESCC. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses were performed to characterize the expression of MAGE-A9 in ESCC tissues. Kaplan-Meier estimator survival and Coxs regression analyses were used to evaluate the prognosis of 103 patients with ESCC. The results of qPCR and IHC analysis revealed that the expression of MAGE-A9 was significantly increased in ESCC tissues, compared with that in healthy tissues. Furthermore, the expression level of MAGE-A9 protein in ESCC was significantly associated with the pathological grade (P=0.008), tumor size (P=0.027) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.009). Multivariate analysis using Coxs regression model identified that the expression level of MAGE-A9 and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors for the overall survival rate of patients with ESCC (P=0.006 and P=0.001, respectively). The results of the present study are, to the best of our knowledge, the first to indicate that MAGE-A9 expression is a valuable prognostic biomarker for ESCC and that it may serve as a targeted therapy in the treatment of ESCC. Increased expression of MAGE-A9 indicated an unfavorable survival outcome in patients with ESCC.

Effects of hormone treatment, light and temperatures on sprouting characteristics of Bupleurum chinense / 中国中药杂志

Seeds of Bupleurum chinense cultivar, Zhongchai No. 1, were sowed in plastic pots which used the arable layer soil as the nursery bed and putted in the artificial climate incubator at various temperatures (15, 20, 25, 15-25 degrees C) and light (8,12 h) to germinate, respectively. The lower constant temperature (15 degrees ) and the higher constant temperature (25 "C) were not conducive to the sprouting characteristics of B. chinese. While they were able to enhance root activity to some extent; The seeding growth of B. chinese was significantly better in the variable temperature than correspondence in the constant temperature, significantly. The emergence speed, emergence index, vigor index and root activity of Bupleurum were improved under the 12 h of light-time, but the germination rate was not improved. The sprouting of Bupleurum's seeds could be improved to some extent by soaking with hormone, such as gibberellin, cytokinin, salicylic acid. Gibberellin promoted seeds' sprouting and seedings's root activity of Bupleurum, while salicylic acid increased the root activity of seeding. There is a significant influence of light, temperatures and hormone treatment on the germination of Zhongchai No. 1 seeds, and all three are remarkably interacted; It is beneficial to promote seed germination by the temperature (20 + 5) degrees C, lighting (8 h) and gibberellin concentration (10 x 10(-6)).

Evaluation of Bupleuri Radix resources in Qingchuan based on DTOPSIS and grey related degree / 中国中药杂志

In order to select high quality and suitable Bupleuri Radix varieties in Qingchuan, and establish a new comprehensive method to evaluation the quality of Bupleuri Radix, 12 characters of 14 samples were evaluated by DTOPSIS and grey related degree. The results showed that varieties No. 8 and No. 10 had high quality. DTOPSIS and grey related degree gave the uniformity result, and the biggest difference of value of Ci in DTOPSIS method was 46. 33% , but the biggest difference of the weighting correlation number( r (i)) in grey related degree was only 13.10%. The DTOPSIS combined with grey related degree can evaluate the quality of Bupleuri Radix comprehensively and objectively.

Optimum harvest study of Gentiana crassicaulis in Ludian / 中国中药杂志

The paper is aimed to study the difference in yield and quality at different harvest time and determine the optimum harvest of planting Gentiana in Ludian traditional harvest period. The authors analyzed the variation in fresh weight, dry weight, dry discount rate, length, diameter, volume and the content of gentiopicroside, loganin acid, alcohol-soluble extract and total ash and made a comprehensive appraisal of yield, appearance quality and intrinsic quality by gray relational distance ideal Comprehensive Evaluation method. The results showed that there is a big difference in yield and quality both 2-year-old and 3-year-old Gentiana harvested in traditional harvest period and the comprehensive evaluation more better when harvested more later. It can be seen, Gentiana harvested the later had a better yield and quality in Ludian traditional harvest period. The harvest of Gentiana can be appropriate delayed depending on the particular circumstances of production.

Comprehensive yield and quality comparison of Bupleurum chinense' s seeds of different harvesting time from Qingchuan County with Topsis approach / 中国中药杂志

In order to investigate the comprehensive quality differences of the seeds harvested in different growing time, and offer theoretical guide for the optimization of seeds' production technology, we analyzed the apparent size, 1 000-grain weight, water absorbency, germination indexes, postharvest embryo rate change, relatively contents of coumarins and the yield of single plant of its seeds of different harvesting time, and compared their comprehensive quality by Topsis analysis. The results showed that there existed obvious differences in yield and quality between seeds of 3 harvesting times. While the harvesting time postponed, the yield of single plant raised, and the shrunken seeds rate decreased, the quality of seedlings increased, while the contents of coumarins showed a steady increase, and the germination rate decreased. The comprehensive quality of the seeds harvested in the black ripe time rank the first place, followed by the brown ripe time and the yellow ripe time. As the harvesting time delays, the seeds' comprehensive quality increases, therefore, we could put off the seeds' harvesting time properly for the high efficient seed production.

Effects of period of cuttage on growth of seedling for Lonicera japonica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of cuttage time on growth of Lonicera japonica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Randomized block of single variable and determination of the selected samples.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The growth of seeding influenced significantly by the cottage time. The experimental results in two years showed that the survival rate, the number of root, the root weight and root cap ratio that cuttaged on March 2 were better than those cuttaged at other time point.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The first ten days of March is the best period for cuttaging L. japonica.</p>

Effects of S-3307 on photosynthesis of Ligusticum chuanxiong / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of S-3307 spraying time and density on photosynthetic characteristic of Ligusticum chuanxiong.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The photosynthetic characteristic of L. chuanxiong under different S-3307 spraying time and density was studied by plot cultivation experiment.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in leaf increased when the spraying density was 20, 40, 80 mg x L(-1), while the net photosynthetic rate was the maximum. When the spraying density was 160 mg x L(-1), the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll as well as net photosynthetic rate were not increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>S-3307 spraying can raise the photosynthetic capacity of L. chuanxiong and promote the form of assimilation products.</p>

Effects of S-3307 on the yield and main ingredients of Alisma plantago-aquatica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>To study the effect of S-3307 on the yield and main ingredients of Alisma plantago-aquatica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of 24-acetyl alisol A and the 23-acetyl alisol B in tuber were determined by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The contents of 24-acetyl alisol A and the 23-acetyl alisol B as well as yield were significantly increased in all groups applied with different concentrations of S-3307 comparing with control group. The optimal concentration of S-3307 was 80 mg x kg(-1). The residues of S-3307 was detected under 0.316 8 mg x kg(-1) (detecting limit).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The optimal concentration of S-3307 is 80 mg x kg(-1), it reached the best result when applied 36 d after seedling.</p>

Establishment of chromatographic fingerprint and quality assessment on Sichuan native medicinal plant Alisma plantago-aquatica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish chromatographic fingerprint of Sichuan native medicinal plant Alisma plantago-aquatica by RP-HPLC for the quality control.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The gradient elution mode was applied in chromatographic separation, and data were analyzed by "Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation" software to compare the quality of A. plantago-aquatica samples from different habitats.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The HPLC chromatographic fingerprinting of A. plantago-aquatica with 26 characteristic peaks was established from 17 lots of A. plantago-aquatica samples, peak 16 and 22 were identified as 24-acetyl alisol A and 23-acetyl alisol B, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The chromatographic fingerprinting of A. plantago-aquatica with high specificity can be used to control its quality and assure lot to lot consistency. The RP-HPLC fingerprint method is repeatable, feasible in analysis of A. plantago-aquatica.</p>

Study on biological characteristics and relative yield of Ophiopogon japonicus / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the biological characteristics and the relative yield of Ophiopgon japonicus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The observation of the selected plants nad determination of the selected samples.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The yield of O. japonicus was positively correlated to the height of plant, the weight of leaves, the length of nutritive roots, and the quantity of root tubers. It was also positively correlated to the weight of nutritive roots, but not significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>According to the growing characteristics of O. japonicus, the yield of O. japonicus can be promoted by selecting porous soil, controlling the field water from planting to the middle 10 days of June and enhancing the management of fertilizer and water from July to November and from the end of February to early in March next year.</p>

Study on N, P and K absorption and accumulation in Ophiopogon japonicus / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the absorption and accumulation of N, P and K in Ophiopgon japonicus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of N, P, K and trace element were determined respectively by using the kjeldathl method digested with H2SO4 + H2O2, ammonium vanadstemolybdate chromoscopy, flame spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The contents of N and K were the highest, and that of P was relatively lower O. japonicus. The changing pattern of N was low-high-low in the growth and development period. The accumulative speed of N had two relatively quicker and two relatively slower phases. The content of N is higher in nutritive organs; The changing pattern of P was similar to that of N, while the content of P is higher in leaves and nutritive roots at early stage of growth and development. It was high in root tuber during harvesting stage, and the accumulative quantity in the plant was increased gradually. The level of K was high in early stage and low in later stage of growth. The content of K was relatively higher in leaves and nutritive roots at early stage, and that in root tuber was slightly lower than the leaves but higher than that the nutritive roots from February to March. The accumulating quantity slightly increased in the plant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The application quantity of N should be increased gradually after transplant, stopped in autumn, and used again in early spring. Phosphate fertilizer is needed in autumn and winter, while large amount of potassium fertilizer shoule be used in winter tine.</p>