External quality assessment results of in vitro analysis of nuclear medicine from 2004 to 2018 in Shanghai / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To analyze the results of external quality assessment (EQA) of Shanghai Nuclear Medicine Quality Control Center, in order to further strengthen the quality control and management of in vitro testing laboratories. Methods:The EQA results of 41 units evaluated by Shanghai Nuclear Medicine Quality Control Center from 2004 to 2018 were summarized and retrospectively analyzed. The overall qualified rate of all items (total triiodothyronine, TT 3; total thyroxine, TT 4; free triiodothyronine, FT 3; free thyroxine, FT 4; thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH; alpha fetoprotein, AFP; carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA; total prostate specific antigen, TPSA) and the qualified rate of singe item over the years were calculated respectively. Results:From 2004 to 2018, the overall qualified rates of all items of the laboratories were 84.0%(356/424), 90.1%(381/423), 94.8%(399/421), 94.8%(291/307), 96.6%(308/319), 97.2%(280/288), 96.6%(224/232), 97.8%(225/230), 98.7%(224/227), 100.0%(221/221), 99.5%(218/219), 98.6%(215/218), 99.5%(217/218), 99.5%(189/190), 100.0%(90/90), respectively; and the qualified rate of singe item showed an upward trend, but there were still some laboratories′ EAQ results did not reach " qualified" , and there may be potential risk factors affecting the test results during the test process.Conclusions:The qualified rates of in vitro testing laboratories evaluated by Shanghai Nuclear Medicine Quality Control Center show an upward trend from 2004 to 2018. Analyzing the EQA results can help to find the potential risks in the laboratory and improve the detection ability.

[Evaluation of 99mTc-ECD SPECT/CT brain imaging with scenium analysis in patients with generalized anxiety disorder].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the perfusion changes in brains of patients with varying levels of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). METHODS: A total of 38 GAD outpatients of Department of Psychiatry at our hospital from February to August, 2014 and 10 healthy controls received a 99mTC-ECD SPECT/CT scan with scenium analysis. Differences between brain perfusion and anxiety levels were analyzed by SPSS 16. 0 with one-way ANOVA, Pearson's Chi-square, t test and Spearman's correlation. RESULTS: They were grouped according to the levels of anxiety severity, i. e. mild (n = 11) , moderate (n = 16) and severe (n = 11). They had significantly lower blood flow in right superior frontal medial gyrus, right precuneus, right putamen, bilateral paracentral lobule and bilateral supplementary motor area (t = -2.19, -2.14, -2.22, -2.34, -2.08, -3.26, -2.72, P < 0.05). Individuals had significantly greater blood flow in mild group than those of control group in right olfactory (t = 2.09 P = 0.05). Individuals of moderate group had significantly lower blood flow than those of control group in left superior frontal gyrus medial orbital, right superior frontal gyrus medial orbital and left supplementary motor area, but greater in right olfactory (t = -2.16, -2.24, -2.49, 2.17, P = 0.04, 0.04, 0.02, 0.04). Individuals had lower blood flow in severe group than those of control group in left frontal lobe, right putamen, left paracentral lobule, right paracentral lobule, left precuneus, right precuneus, left parietal lobe, left precentral, right precentral, right postcentral, left rolandic operculum, left supplementary motor area, right supplementary motor area and left central region (t = -2.32, -2.11, -3.16, -2.61, -2.39, -2.18, -2.32, -2.67, -2.14, -2.11, -2.25, -4.38, -3.54, -2.38, P = 0.03, 0.05, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02, 0.05, 0.05, 0.04, 0.00, 0.00, 0.03). Statistical differences existed in right middle frontal gyms orbital part (mild: 0.96 ± 0.07, moderate: 1.03 ± 0.06, severe: 0.98 ± 0.08, P = 0.04) and left paracentral (mild: 0.91 ± 0.07, moderate: 093 ± 004 severe: 0.87 ± 0.07, P = 0.02). There was a tendency of negative correlation between perfusion in right middle cingulate and paracingulate gyri, left precuneus, right precuneus and left thalamus and anxiety scores by Spearman's correlation analysis (r = -0.28, -0.28, -0.27, -0.29, P = 0.09, 0.09, 0.10, 0.07). CONCLUSION: Scenium software provides quantitative measurements for diagnosis of GAD in different anxiety levels. Also larger samples are required for confirming the results in further studies.

Clinical significance in combined detection of serum pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II and carbohydrate antigen 242 in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To explore the diagnosis value and clinical significance of combined detection of serum pepsinogen I (PG I), pepsinogen II (PG II), PG I/II and CA242 in patients with stomach diseases. METHODOLOGY: Serum PG I, PG II and CA242 were detected with time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) method. Serum levers of the four markers in gastric carcinoma were compared with that in chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer and normal controls. The four indices were analyzed to judge their diagnosis value and the relationship with the biology behavior of gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: The serum concentration of PG I in gastric carcinoma and in chronic atrophic gastritis were remarkably lower than that in controls (P < 0.05). The serum concentration of CA242 in gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that in controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To detect the levers of serum PG I, PG II, PG I/II would help to judge the metastasis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma. Combined detection of the four indices could increase the positive rate of diagnosis in gastric carcinoma.

Functional imaging and pathology in brain of interictal cats kindled by pentylenetetrazol

Objective: To investigate the electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics, cerebral blood fl ow, glucose metabolism, and pathological characteristics in cats kindled by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Methods: Ten adult male cats received intramuscular injections of PTZ at a sub-convulsive dose of 25 mg/kg once daily. Cats were considered to be kindled when a class V or above seizure was observed. Subsequently, scalp EEG, 99mTc-ECD-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), 18FDG-positron emission tomography (PET), and Cresyl violet staining were employed to evaluate brain activity, cerebral blood fl ow, glucose metabolism, and pathological characteristics representing epileptic foci during interictal stages. Results: The EEG data revealed bilateral dissymmetry paroxysmal activity in the form of δ and θ waves, as well as paroxysmal spikes and sharp waves instead of symmetric highamplitude rhythm of 8-12 Hz in cats kindled by PTZ compared to controls. In addition, low blood perfusion and low glucose metabolism unilaterally in the temporal lobe were observed in PTZ-kindled cats, in contrast to the bilateral symmetrical blood perfusion and high glucose metabolism observed in control cats. Pathological examinations showed a thickening of white matter in the ipsilateral temporal region and a thinning of gray matter in PTZ-kindled cats. Microscopically, we observed a structure disturbance of hippocampal CA3 area in PTZ-kindled cats. Conclusion: Epileptic foci of PTZ-kindled cats were localized to the unilateral temporal lobe, in a manner highly similar to the pathophysiology of human temporal lobe epilepsy.

Retinal dopamine transporter in experimental myopia / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution, changes and a possible role for retinal dopamine transporter (DAT) in experimental myopia in chickens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two-day-old chickens were divided into four groups. Chicken eyes were fitted with lenses of -10D,-20D and translucent goggles unilaterally. Normal eyes were used as controls. After 3 wk, all chickens were given an intramuscular injection of (125)I-beta-CIT 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane and sacrificed two hours post injection. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the neural retina were obtained together or RPE was dissected out from the neural retina. Radioactive DAT from each specimen was assayed by gamma-counter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Retinal DAT was detected in RPE specimens rather than in the neural retina in all eyes. Radioactive DAT in myopic eyes was higher, compared with control eyes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Retinal DAT is mainly located in the RPE and may be involved in the formation of lens induced myopia (LIM) and form deprivation myopia (FDM). These methods may provide a new approach for further studying the role of the dopamine system in experimental myopia.</p>