ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To prov ide effective improvement paths and policy suggestions for improving the innovation efficiency of TCM industrial enterprises. METHODS ：Based on the input and output data of innovation resources of 38 listed TCM industrial enterprises from 2014 to 2020，an evaluation index system was constructed from the perspective of all factors. First ，the deta envelopment analysis （DEA）model was used to measure the static efficiency of the sample enterprises ，and at the same time ， four patterns of innovative resource utilization were provided ；then the total factor Malmquist index method was used to analyze the decomposition of the changes in utilization efficiency of innovative resources according to different periods and micro-individuals. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The overall efficiency of innovative resource utilization of listed TCM industrial enterprises was too low，and the average overall efficiency was only 0.293. The input and output of innovation resources of 33 enterprises were unreasonable，and the reasons for the inefficiency are mostly due to insufficient pure technical efficiency. The average value of the all-factor Malmquist index was 0.818 for 38 sample enterprises ，and the overall efficiency was declining. The obstacles to technological progress were a more important reason for the decline in efficiency. It is recommended to improve TCM industrial enterprise’s ability to allocate innovation resources and adjust the proportion of R&D investment in conjunction with the return to scale；clarify the development principles with scientific and technological innovation as the core driving force ，and actively carry out basic research work ；implement the production and research platform of “TCM industrial enterprise-TCM research institution ” to promote the overall technological progress of the industry.
ABSTRACT
The world has experienced heavy thirst of energy as it has to face a dwindling supply of fossil fuel and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic solar energy technology has been assigned great importance. Silicon tetrachloride is the main byproducts of polysilicon industry, and it's volatile and highly toxic. Once silicon tetrachloride releases, it rapidly forms a dense gas cloud and reacts violently with water vapor in the atmosphere to form a gas cloud consisting of the mixture of silicon tetrachloride, hydrochloric acid and silicic acid, which endangers environment and people. In this article, numerical investigation is endeavored to explore the three dimensional dispersion and conversion behaviors of silicon tetrachloride release in the atmosphere. The k-ϵ model with buoyancy correction on k is applied for turbulence closure and modified EBU model is applied to describe the hydrolysis reaction of silicon tetrachloride. It is illustrated that the release of silicon tetrachloride forms a dense cloud, which sinks onto the ground driven by the gravity and wind and spreads both upwind and downwind. Complicated interaction occurs between the silicon tetrachloride cloud and the air mass. The main body of the dense cloud moves downwind and reacts with the water vapor on the interface between the dense cloud and the air mass to generate a toxic mixture of silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride and silicic acid. A large coverage in space is formed by the toxic mixture and imposes chemical hazards to the environment. The exothermic hydrolysis reaction consumes water and releases reaction heat resulting in dehydration and temperature rise, which imposes further hazards to the ecosystem over the affected space.
