ABSTRACT
To investigate the association between cognitive impairment and gray matter volume (GMV) abnormalities in silent cerebral infarction (SCI) patients, the GMV of 62 pairs of patients and well-matched healthy controls was calculated. All participants underwent a P300 test, a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Compared with controls, the patients showed decreased GMV in the left superior frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus; no significantly increasing GMV was found. The volumes of the frontal and temporal lobes were positively correlated with the score of the MoCA scale and P300 amplitudes (r≥0.62, P<0.01). The P300 latency was negatively correlated with the volumes of the frontal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the hippocampus (r≤-0.71, P<0.05). No significant correlations between the GMV of the abnormal brain regions and four clinical characteristics in SCI patients were found, suggesting that cognitive deficiency existed in SCI patients and the reduced GMV might contribute to the pathology of cognitive deficiency in SCI patients.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Infarction/complications , Cerebral Infarction/pathology , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Gray Matter/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Electroencephalography , Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests , Reaction Time/physiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The association between PTPN22 R620W polymorphism and risk of myasthenia gravis (MG) remains controversial. Therefore, we did this meta-analysis to investigate this association. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We did a comprehensive search in PubMed, Medline, Embase, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Wanfang electronic databases to retrieve relevant articles. The overall effect was measured by odds ratios (ORs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical analyses were conducted with STATA software. RESULTS: Overall, a total of 7 case-control studies with 2802 cases and 3730 controls were finally included in this review. PTPN22 R620W polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of MG (OR=1.57; 95% CI, 1.34-1.82; I(2)=31%). In the subgroup analysis, thymoma patients were significantly associated with risk of MG (OR=1.59; 95% CI, 1.28-1.98; I(2)=0%). However, non-thymoma patients with this polymorphism did not have increased MG risk (OR=1.36; 95% CI, 0.86-2.15; I(2)=77%). In addition, PTPN22 R620W polymorphism showed increased early-onset myasthenia gravis (EOMG) risk (OR=2.38; 95% CI, 1.52-3.71; I(2)=0%). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis shows a significant association between PTPN22 R620W polymorphism and MG risk.
Subject(s)
Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Myasthenia Gravis/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22/genetics , HumansABSTRACT
The aim was to investigate the effect of the arborvitae seed on cognitive function and α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) protein expression of the hippocampus in model rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thirty-six adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control, test, and drug groups. A dose of Aß1-40 was injected into the rats' hippocampus in the test and drug groups and the control rats were injected with the same amount of normal saline. After the model was successful, the rats in the control and test groups were gavaged with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (500 mg/kg) and the rats in the drug group were gavaged with arborvitae seed powder (500 mg/kg) for 15 days. The Morris water maze test was used for cognitive function. The effect of arborvitae seed on α7nAChR protein immunoreactivity on the hippocampus neurons was studied by the immunohistochemistry method. Behavioral tests showed that the mean escape latencies and search time of the test group were obviously longer than the control and drug groups. The percentage of the search distance of the test group was shorter than that of the control and drug groups. The immunohistochemistry results are as follows: α7nAChR-positive cells and optical density in the hippocampus of the rats in the test group are less than that of the rats in the control and drug groups (all P < 0.01). Arborvitae seed can treat AD by increased expression of α7nAChR.
