Correlation between Combined Urinary Metal Exposure and Grip Strength under Three Statistical Models: A Cross-sectional Study in Rural Guangxi / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between urinary metals copper (Cu), arsenic (As), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn) and grip strength.@*METHODS@#We used linear regression models, quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to assess the relationship between metals and grip strength.@*RESULTS@#In the multimetal linear regression, Cu (β = -2.119), As (β = -1.318), Sr (β = -2.480), Ba (β = 0.781), Fe (β = 1.130) and Mn (β = -0.404) were significantly correlated with grip strength ( P < 0.05). The results of the quantile g-computation showed that the risk of occurrence of grip strength reduction was -1.007 (95% confidence interval: -1.362, -0.652; P < 0.001) when each quartile of the mixture of the seven metals was increased. Bayesian kernel function regression model analysis showed that mixtures of the seven metals had a negative overall effect on grip strength, with Cu, As and Sr being negatively associated with grip strength levels. In the total population, potential interactions were observed between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn ( P interactions of 0.003 and 0.018, respectively).@*CONCLUSION@#In summary, this study suggests that combined exposure to metal mixtures is negatively associated with grip strength. Cu, Sr and As were negatively correlated with grip strength levels, and there were potential interactions between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn.

Effects of enriched environment on the expression of ß-amyloid and transport-related proteins LRP1 and RAGE in chronic sleep-deprived mice.

Sleep plays an important role in the learning process and memory consolidation, and sleep deprivation (SD) leads to inadequate memory consolidation and plays an important role in brain development and plasticity. SD increases ß-amyloid levels while impairing cognitive function. We explored the effect of enriched environment (EE) on ß-amyloid and transporter protein LRP1 and receptor for advanced glycosylation end-products (RAGE) expression in chronic sleep deprived mice. We randomly divided mice into four groups (n = 10), the standard environment group (Ctrl group), the sleep deprivation group (SD group), the enriched environment intervention group (EE group), and the sleep deprivation plus environmental enrichment intervention group (SD + EE group). A modified multi-platform SD model was used to sleep deprive the mice for 19 h per day. Five hours of EE intervention was performed daily in the EE group and the SD + EE group, respectively. The behavioral measurements of mice were performed by Y-maze method and new object recognition; the expression levels of Aß1-42, LRP1, and RAGE in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice were measured by immunofluorescence; the expression levels of LRP1 and RAGE in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were detected by Western blot. The results showed that EE could effectively ameliorate the effects of SD on cognitive impairment, reduce SD induced Aß deposition, and decrease the expression of RAGE, while increase the expression of LRP1.

Effect of bergapten on glucose and oxygen deprivation induced PC12 cell injury by regulating long non-coding RNA opioid receptor gene expression / 解剖学报

Objective To study whether bergapten (BG) protects PC12 cells from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induced cell injury by regulating long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) opioid receptor gene (Oprm1) expression. Methods PC12 cells were divided into control (Con) group, OGD group, OGD+ low concentration BG (BG-L) group, OGD+medium concentration BG (BG-M) group, OGD + high concentration BG (BG-H) group, OGD + pcDNA group, OGD+pcDNA-Oprm1 group, OGD+BG+si-NC group, OGD+BG+si-Oprm1 group. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured by the kits. Cell apoptosis rate was analysed by flow cytometry. The expression level of Oprm1 was analysed by Real-time PCR. Results Compared with the Con group, the apoptosis rate and MDA content of PC12 cells in OGD group increased significantly, whereas Oprm1 expression, SOD and GSH-Px activity decreased significantly (P < 0. 05). Compared with the OGD group, the apoptosis rate and MDA content of PC12 cells in the OGD + BG-L group, OGD + BG-M group, OGD + BG-H group were significantly reduced, whereas the Oprm1 expression, SOD and GSH-Px activities increased significantly (P < 0. 05). Compared with the OGD+pcDNA group, the apoptosis rate and MDA content of the PC12 cells in the OGD+pcDNA-Oprm1 group reduced significantly, whereas the SOD and GSH-Px activities increased significantly (P<0. 05). Compared with the OGD+BG+si-NC group, the apoptosis rate and MDA content of PC12 cells in the OGD+BG+si-Oprm1 group increased significantly, whereas the SOD and GSH-Px activities decreased significantly (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Bergapten may alleviate OGD-induced PC12 cell injury, which is correlated to the up-regulation of lncRNA Oprm1 expression.

3-bromopyruvate cholesterol ester enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate the effect of 3-bro-mopyruvate cholesterol ester (3-BP-Cl) on the sensitivity of breast cancer to tamoxifen (TAM). METHODS: MTT assay and Calcein AM/PI staining were used to detect the effect of drugs on the viability of breast cancer cells. Kim's formula was used to detect synergistic anti-breast cancer effect of cholesterol 3-bromopyruvate and tamoxifen. The inhibitory effect of drugs on proliferation of breast cancer cells was detected by colony-forming assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of hexokinase 2, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. RESULTS: MTT results showed that combination 3-BP-Cl and TAM could significantly inhibit the activity of MCF-7 cells (P1.15). Calcein AM / PI staining showed that the number of dead cells was the highest in the combination group. Colony-forming assay showed that the combination group had stronger inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells than that of single drug groups. AnnexinV flow cytometry results showed that, the cell apoptosis in the combination group was significantly increased (P<0.01). Western blot results showed that 3-BP-Cl inhibited the expressions of hexoktokinase 2 and Bcl-2, and enhanced the expression of Bax in MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION: 3-BP-Cl could increase the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen, and synergically inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. The mechanism is possibly related to its effects of inhibiting the expression of HK2/Bcl-2, and enhancing the expression of Bax.

Effects of Apelin-13/putative receptor protein related to AT1 homodimer on behaviors of human umbilical vein endothelial cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effects of putative receptor protein related to ATI (APJ) homodimer on the behaviors-the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HU-VECs). Methods HUVECs at logarithmic growth stage were randomly divided into PBS, Apelin-13 + TM1 (APJ monomer group) and Apelin-13 + PBS group (APJ homodimer group). Western blot and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Fligh Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were used to detect the expression of APJ and APJ homodimer in HUVECs, respectively. Real-Time Cell Analyzers (RT-CA) was used to detect the concentration of the maximum effect of Apelin-13. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8. The cell migration ability was detected by scratch test, and the number of tubes formed on matri-gel that made artificial basement membrane was counted. Results Western blot and MALDI-TOF MS showed that APJ and APJ homodimer were expressed in HUVECs. The EC50 of Apelin-13 was 2.26 x 10

Research progress in quality control of Bufonis Venenum in preparations / 中国中药杂志

Bufonis Venenum, an animal medicinal material, is widely used for treating cardiovascular diseases and pain induced by rheumatics or malignant tumors. In view of the high activity and high toxicity, it is of great significance to pay attention to the quality control of Bufonis Venenum to ensure the safety and effectiveness of its preparations. China's drug standards involve 102 preparations(474 batch numbers) containing Bufonis Venenum approved for sale, including 14 preparations in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition) and 68 preparations in the standards issued by the Ministry of Health Drug Standard of the People's Republic of China. Bufonis Venenum is mostly used in pill and powder preparations in the form of raw powder, with the main functions of clearing heat, removing toxin, relieving swelling and pain, replenishing qi, activating blood, opening orifice, and awakening brain. Except the high level of quality control for Bufonis Venenum in the preparations in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition), the quality control standards of Bufonis Venenum in other preparations are low or even absent. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct research on the improvement of quality standards for the preparations containing Bufonis Venenum. This study retrieved the reports focusing on the quality evaluation and quality control of the preparations containing Bufonis Venenum from CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science. Qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for 64 preparations containing Bufonis Venenum have been reported, mainly including thin-layer chromatography, HPLC fingerprint, and multi-component content determination. The index components mainly involved bufadienolides, such as gamabufalin, arenobufagin, bufotalin, bufalin, cinobufagin, and resibufogenin. According to the literature information, this paper suggests that attention should be paid to the correlations between the analysis methods and detection indexes of medicinal materials, decoction pieces and preparations, the monitoring of indole alkaloids, and the content uniformity inspection for further improving the quality standards for the preparations containing Bufonis Venenum.

Summary and analysis of total auricle reconstruction in adult microtia patients / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of auricle reconstruction in adult patients with microtia and summarize the experience. Methods: Clinical data of adult patients with microtia who underwent total auricle reconstruction using the modified Nagata's two stage for microtia reconstruction from June 2016 to June 2021 were analyzed. A total of 41 adult patients (42 ears) with microtia were enrolled, including 30 males and 11 females, with the median age at the time of surgery of 37 years. Autogenous costal cartilage was used as the auricular framework for all patients in this group. The first stage surgery was performed according to the modified Nagata's two stage for microtia reconstruction procedure,cartilage auricular framework carving was performed by different methods according to the ossification state of adult costal cartilage. Six months following the primary operation, ear elevation and cranioauricular angle formation, retroauricular facial flap transfer and medium-thick skin grafting were performed in the second stage. Results: All patients successfully completed two stage operation. During the follow-up of 3 months and 24 months, all the 41 patients were satisfied with the morphology of reconstructed auricle. Conclusion: According to the costal cartilage status of adult patients, different costal cartilage carving techniques can be used for total auricle reconstruction to obtain ideal surgical results.

Determination of H2S in rat brain tissues by GC-MS based on bispentafluorobenzyl sulphide / 中国药理学通报

Aim To establish a method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide ( H2S) in rat brain tissues by gas chromatogra- phy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on bispentafluorobenzyl sulfide ( C6F5CH2SCH2C6F5 ).Methods Chromatographic conditions: Hie column was HP-5MS(30 m x 250 jxm x 0.25 |xm) and temperature programmed, the injection port temperature was 280 V..Mass spectrometry conditions: The electron bombardment ion source was 20 eV.'Hie ion source, quadrupole and interface temperature was kept at 230.150 and 280 XI, respectively, The MRM mode was used to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the C6F5CH2SCH2C6F5 ion pair (m/z 394->181, m/z 181->161 ), Results The concentration of sodium hydro- sulfide( NaHS) in brain tissue samples had good linearity in the range of 0.25 ~256 jxmol • L~'.'Hie limit of detection was 0.1 jxmol • L~'.'Hie intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 15%.There was no obvious matrix effect and the recover)' rate was more than 90%.'Hie H2S concentration in brain tissues could be selectively determined.'Hie basic H2S concentration in rat brain cortex was measured to be ( 11.84 ±0.38) jxmol • L_l.After intravenous injection of NaHS.the H2S concentration in brain tissues increased significantly in a dose-de- pendent manner.Conclusions The GC-MS method based on C6F5CH2SCH2C6F3 established here is reliable and effective to investigate H2S in brain tissues, and H2S could enter brain tissues through the blood-brain barrier.

Application of exosomes in brain-targeted delivery / 药学学报

Brain-targeted delivery plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases, but the existence of blood brain barrier (BBB) limits the development of brain-targeted delivery. As cell-derived nanovesicles, exosomes can participate in the transportation of substances between cells to mediate the communication between cells to play a biological regulatory role in vivo. Due to the low immunogenicity, low toxicity, high engineering and natural crossing over BBB, exosomes play an important role in brain-targeted delivery. In this paper, the composition of exosomes, the mechanism of brain targeted delivery and its role in various brain diseases are systematically described.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Sanxiaoyin in Treatment of Mild or Moderate COVID-19 Patients： Based on Retrospective Analysis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 52 patients with coronavirus disease-2019 （COVID-19） and explore the clinical efficacy of modified Sanxiaoyin on mild/moderate COVID-19 patients. MethodThe propensity score matching method was used to collect the clinical data of mild or moderate COVID-19 patients enrolled in the designated hospital of the Second Hospital of Jingzhou from December 2019 to May 2020. A total of 26 eligible patients who were treated with modified Sanxiaoyin were included in the observation group， and the 26 patients treated with conventional method were the regarded as the control. The disappearance of clinical symptoms， disappearance time of main symptoms， efficacy on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptoms， hospitalization duration， laboratory test indicators， and CT imaging changes in the two groups were compared. ResultThe general data in the two groups were insignificantly different and thus they were comparable. After 7 days of treatment， the disappearance rate of fever， cough， fatigue， dry throat， anorexia， poor mental state， and poor sleep quality in the observation group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）， and the difference in the disappearance rate of expectoration and chest distress was insignificant. For the cases with the disappearance of symptoms， the main symptoms （fever， cough， fatigue， dry throat， anorexia， chest distress） disappeared earlier in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.01）. After 7 days of treatment， the scores of the TCM symptom scale of both groups decreased （P<0.01）， and the decrease of the observation group was larger that of the control group （P<0.01）. All patients in the two groups were cured and discharged. The average hospitalization duration in the observation group ［（12.79±2.68） d］ was shorter than that in the control group ［（15.27±3.11） d］ （P<0.01）. The effective rate in the observation group （92.31%， 24/26） was higher than that in the control group （76.92%， 20/26） . After 7 days of treatment， the lymphocyte （LYM） count increased （P<0.05）， and white blood cell （WBC） count and neutrophil （NEUT） count decreased insignificantly in the two groups. Moreover， levels of C-reactive protein （CRP）， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， and procalcitonin （PCT） reduced in the two groups after treatment （P<0.01） and the reduction in the observation group was larger than that in the control group （P<0.01）. Through 7 days of treatment， the total effective rate on pulmonary shadow in the observation group （90.00%， 18/20） was higher than that in the control group （77.27%， 17/22） （P>0.05） and the improvement of lung shadow in the observation group was better than that in the control group （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Sanxiaoyin can significantly alleviate fever， cough， fatigue， anorexia， chest distress， poor sleep quality， and other symptoms of patients with mild or moderate COVID-19， improve biochemical indicators， and promote the recovery of lung function. This paper provides clinical evidence for the application of modified Sanxiaoyin in the treatment of mild or moderate COVID-19.

Clinical observation on filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" for 33 cases of sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 during recovery period / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" on the sequelae of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the recovery period.@*METHODS@#A total of 33 patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period were treated with filiform-fire needling at the acupoints of Mingmen (GV 4), Shenzhu (GV 12), Gaohuang (BL 43), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shangjuxu (ST 37), etc., once every other day, 3 times a week, and 3 times was one course of treatment and totally 2 courses of treatment were required. The TCM symptom, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) scores, pulmonary function indexes (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], peak expiratory flow [PEF]) and chest CT imaging change were observed before and after treatment, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of TCM symptom, HAMA and HAMD were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of FVC, FEV1 and PEF were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the recovery rate of 22 patients with pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was 86.4% (19/22). After treatment, the lung shadow area was smaller than that before treatment (P<0.05). The effective rate of 25 patients with lung CT abnormalities was 84.0% (21/25). After treatment, 23 cases were cured, 5 cases were markedly effective, 4 cases were effective, 1 case was ineffective, the cured and markedly effective rate was 84.8%.@*CONCLUSION@#The filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" could significantly reduce the sequelae of cough, fatigue, chest tightness, etc. and mental symptoms such as anxiety and depression in patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period, and promote inflammatory exudation absorption of pulmonary lesion and improve lung ventilation function.

Thumb-tack needles based on "Biaoben acupoint compatibility" for sequela of COVID-19 during recovery period / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of thumb-tack needles based on "Biaoben acupoint compatibility" on sequela symptoms, mental state and pulmonary ventilation function in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during recovery period.@*METHODS@#Fifty cases of COVID-19 during recovery period were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group were treated with thumb-tack needles at Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taiyuan (LU 9). The patients in the control group were treated with sham thumb-tack needles at identical acupoints as the observation group. The treatment in the two groups was given once a day, 7-day treatment was taken as a course of treatment, and totally two courses of treatment were given. The TCM symptom score, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score, pulmonary function (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1], peak expiratory flow [PEF]), the severity of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction and pulmonary imaging changes in the two groups were compared before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the total scores and each item scores of TCM symptom scale, HAMA scores and HAMD scores in the two groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05). Except for the symptom scores of dry throat and dry stool, the total score and each item score of TCM symptom scale, HAMA score and HAMD score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared before treatment, FVC, FEV1 and PEF in the two groups were increased after treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). The severity of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the two groups was reduced after treatment (P<0.05), and the severity in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the lung shadow area in the two groups was decreased (P<0.05), and that in the observation group was smaller than the control group (P<0.05). The improvement of imaging change in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The thumb-tack needles based on "Biaoben acupoint compatibility" could significantly reduce the sequela symptoms, anxiety and depression in patients with COVID-19 during recovery stage, and improve the pulmonary ventilation function.

Association between genetic predisposition to childhood obesity and the risk of adult ischemic heart disease in China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To examine the associations of childhood obesity, assessed by genetic variations of childhood body mass index (BMI), with the risk of adult ischemic heart disease (IHD) and major coronary event (MCE). Methods: More than 69 000 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank were genotyped. After excluding those with coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer at baseline, a total of 64 454 participants were included in this study. Based on genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), childhood BMI genetic risk score were constructed for every participant and divided into quintiles, with the lowest quintile as the low genetic risk group and the highest quintile as the high genetic risk group. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between genetic predisposition to childhood obesity and the risk of ischemic heart disease. Results: During a median of 10.7 years of follow-up, 7 073 incident cases of IHD and 1 845 cases of MCE were documented. After adjusting for sex, age, region, and the first ten genetic principal components, the HRs (95%CIs) for IHD and MCE in the high genetic risk group were 1.10 (1.02-1.18) and 1.10 (0.95-1.27), compared with the low genetic risk group. IHD risk increased by 4% (2%-6%) for each one standard deviation increase in genetic risk score (trend P=0.001). After further adjustment for baseline BMI, the differences between genetic risk groups were not statistically significant, but there was still a linear trend between genetic risk score and IHD risk (trend P=0.019). Conclusions: IHD risk increased with genetic predisposition to childhood obesity, suggesting that childhood obesity is an important risk factor for the development of IHD in China. As an easily identifiable feature, changes of childhood BMI should be monitored regularly to realize early intervention of IHD in adults.

Clinical efficacy observation of 'Tong Du Yun Pi' manipulation for infantile diarrhea in autumn / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of 'Tong Du Yun Pi' (Governor Vessel-unblocking and spleen-promoting) manipulation in treating infantile diarrhea in autumn. Methods: Eighty-four kids were divided into a control group and an observation group using the random number table method, with 42 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by oral administration of montmorillonite powder, and the observation group was given additional 'Tong Du Yun Pi' pediatric massage (tuina) treatment. After treatment, the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms scores, symptom improvement time, clinical efficacy and immune function indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate was 95.2％ in the observation group versus 76.2％ in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); each item score in TCM symptoms was notably lower in the observation group than in the control group (all P<0.05); among the effective cases, the times to restore normal defecation, relieve abdominal bloating, arrest vomiting, and bring down the fever were markedly shorter in the observation group than in the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05); the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly higher and CD8+ was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment of infantile diarrhea in autumn, based on oral administration of montmorillonite powder, 'Tong Du Yun Pi' manipulation can notably improve diarrheal symptoms, shorten disease duration, and strengthen the immunity of kids, producing more significant efficacy than oral administration of montmorillonite powder.

Clinical characteristics of interface fluid syndrome after LASIK: a systematic review / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical features of interface fluid syndrome (IFS) after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database for literature reports on IFS published from 1999 to 2021.Article selection, data extraction, quality rating, and data analysis were performed with reference to the PRISMA statement for priority reporting entities of systematic reviews and Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 30 publications were included, including 46 cases (62 eyes). Among them, 34 cases (47 eyes) were male and 12 cases (15 eyes) were female.Age ranged from 19 to 69 years with a mean of (36.57±13.40) years.There were 16 cases of bilateral eyes and 30 cases of monocular eyes.The 85.48% (53/62) of IFS was due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) after LASIK.All 62 eyes included had decreased visual acuity.The 24.19% (15/62) of the affected eyes had ocular pain, redness, and photophobia.All 46 patients showed different degrees of corneal edema and interface fluid.Keratic precipitates and anterior chamber cells were visible in 9.68% (6/62) of the affected eyes, and 16.13% (10/62) showed visual field damage.IOP-lowering eye drops were given to 77.42% (48/62) of eyes.Of the 31 patients (40 eyes) with prognostic descriptions, and 75.00% (30/40) recovered their vision with treatment and 25.00% (10/40) did not.Conclusions:IFS is a rare complication after LASIK.It should be considered in patients with corneal edema after LASIK.Proper measurement of IOP and reasonable application of glucocorticoids and IOP-lowering drops can prevent irreversible vision loss.

Plantar Pressure and Offloading Insole Structure for Diabetic Patients: A Finite Element Analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the plantar pressure features of diabetic patients, and design the offloading structure of insole to reduce the plantar pressure and internal stress of the soft tissue. Methods:A three-dimensional finite element model of foot was established based on CT images. Hole structure was designed in the high plantar pressure area of diabetic patients. The effects of diameter, depth and interval of holes on plantar pressure was analyzed through orthogonal test and finite element analysis, to obtain the optimal scheme; and the offloading effect was analyzed with finite element analysis and experiment. Results:The peak plantar pressure was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy individuals. The holes with 5 mm diameter, 6 mm depth and 2 mm interval in metatarsal and calcaneus regions might effectively reduce the plantar pressure and internal stress of soft tissue, which was 15.6%, 45.6%, 53.5% and 10.1% less of the peak plantar pressure on toes, metatarsal, midfoot and calcaneus area, respectively, compared to walking without insoles. Conclusion:Finite element analysis is helpful to explore the internal stress of soft tissue in diabetic patients, and insole with hole structure can reduce the plantar pressure and internal stress of soft tissue.

Distribution of deuterosuccinylcholine chloride in rats determined by UPLC-MS/MS method / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to determine the distribution of deuterosuccinylcholine chloride (

Relationship between contact lens-related dry eye and morphological changes of meibomian glands / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between contact lens (CL) related dry eye and morphological changes of meibomian glands.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed.A total of 157 consecutive subjects (314 eyes) to underwent refractive surgery from May 2014 to June 2015 in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital were included.The subjects wearing soft CL for a long time were divided into CL group (182 eyes of 91 subjects), while the subjects who never wore CL were divided into the control group (132 eyes of 66 subjects). The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear meniscus height (TMH), first non-invasive tear film breakup time (fNIBUT), average non-invasive tear film breakup time (avNIBUT) and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score of all subjects were collected and analyzed.Morphological evaluation of meibomian glands were performed.The meibomian glands dropout ratio of upper eyelid, lower eyelid and total meibomian gland area as well as meibomian glands distortion number of the two groups were compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.2014KY[L]-09). Written informed consent was obtained from each patients prior to any examination.Results:The OSDI score, CFS score, TMH, fNIBUT and avNIBUT were 16.67(10.00, 25.00), 13.88(7.50, 18.26), 0.20(0.17, 0.23) mm, 5.64(3.95, 7.92)s and 8.56(6.56, 12.12)s in CL group, respectively, while 13.88(7.50, 18.26), 1.00(0.00, 2.00), 0.22(0.17, 0.29) mm, 7.33(4.54, 13.21)s and 11.49(7.46, 17.83)s in the control group, respectively.Compared with the control group, the CL group had the higher OSDI score, higher CFS score, lower TMH, lower fNIBUT, lower avNIBUT, and the differences were significant (all at P<0.01). The MG dropout ratio and meibomian gland distortion number were (29.42±12.24)% and 4(3, 6) in CL group, respectively, while (20.37±10.83)% and 3(1, 4) in the control group, respectively.In comparison with the control group, the CL group had the higher MG dropout ratio and greater meibomian gland distortion number ( t=6.76, P<0.01; U=7 656.00, P<0.01). A positive correlation was found between the total meibomian gland area dropout ratio and duration of CL wearing ( rS=0.404, P<0.01), OSDI scores ( rS=0.275, P<0.01), CFS scores ( rS=0.319, P<0.01). Conclusions:Long-term wearing of CL can lead to severe ocular discomfort, dry eye syndrome and morphological alterations in meibomian gland, suggesting that morphological abnormality of meibomian gland is presumably associated with the occurrence of ocular discomfort and dry eye syndromes in CL wearers.

Author Correction: Impact of low lethal concentrations of buprofezin on biological traits and expression profile of chitin synthase 1 gene (CHS1) in melon aphid, Aphis gossypii.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Analysis of the positive conversion rate of negative spouse and survival analysis on HIV sero－discordant couples / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To analyze the positive conversion rate of negative spouse and the survival analysis on HIV sero－discordant couples． Methods Data were collected from the case report database of the integrated AIDS prevention and control data and information system． HIV sero－discordant couples diagnosed between September 1，1997 and September 1，2018 were recruited into the cohort． The participants were divided into three groups as untreated subgroup，routine treatment subgroup and early treatment subgroup according to the situation when they started HIV treatment． The positive conversion rate of negative spouse and the survival were compared among the three subgroups． Ｒesults 598 HIV sero－discordant couples were recruited and the overall survival time of the three subgroups were 258. 92，4 987．17 and 862．25 person－year． The rate of positive conversion were 6. 18/100，0. 48/100 and 0. 23/100 person－year． Multivariate Cox regression model showed that the hazard ratio of routine treatment subgroup ( HＲ = 0. 052，95% CI: 0. 037－0. 074) and early treatment subgroup ( HＲ=0. 011，95% CI: 0. 003－0. 035) were lower than untreated subgroup． The risk of death of women was lower than that of men( HＲ=0. 667，95% CI: 0. 472－0. 944) ; the older the age，the higher the risk of death ( HＲ=1. 041，95% CI: 1. 026－1. 056) ; and the risk of death of the unemployed is higher than that of farmers ( HＲ=1. 571，95% CI: 1. 037－2. 381) ． Conclusion Targeted interventions methods and early antiviral therapy should be taken urgently for sero－discordant couples．