ABSTRACT
The removal of organic dyes has attracted attention by adsorption-photocatalytic synergetic process in water treatment technology. Three novel ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4 were successfully prepared for the first time by layered construction technique through the hydrolysis of triethanolamine in this paper. They exhibited high specific surface area which facilitates the adsorption of sunset yellow (SY) from solution to catalyst surface. All the target pollutant dyes are very effectively removed by the three ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4 composites through synergetic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis process under UV irradiation (λ = 365 nm). The order of synergistic degradation effect for SY is as follows: ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4-3 (99.6%) > ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4-2 (99.5%) > ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4-1 (99.3%) > pure g-C3N4 (77.4%) > pure ZnCo-LDHs (44.2.6%) at the initial concentration of 75 mg L-1. ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4-3 has the largest k value (0.0284 min-1) in SY degradation, which is 2.8 times that of g-C3N4. ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4-3 is a very promising adsorption-photocatalyst for the removal of SY from wastewater. The electron spin resonance experiments demonstrate that OH·, 1O2, and O2- are the dominant active species and oxides SY together. This result demonstrates that the three ZnCo-LDHs/g-C3N4 have practical applications as efficient adsorption-photocatalytic materials and also provides a synergetic strategy for the removal of SY wastewater.
ABSTRACT
The layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted attention in the water treatment field. In this paper, three novel ternary Zn-Co-Ni-LDH adsorbents were prepared successfully through rational construction from 2D to 3D using triethanolamine (TEA) as an alkali source and a structural controlling reagent by hydrothermal technique. Samples were characterized by the SEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR, BET, solid-state UV/vis spectra, and TG. Three Zn-Co-Ni-LDHs exhibited higher crystallinity and surface area which were beneficial to the adsorption for methyl orange (MO). The maximum adsorption capacity of three Zn-Co-Ni-LDH adsorbents can even reach as high as 1871.65 mg·g-1, 1799.56 mg·g-1, and 1646.44 mg·g-1 for MO, respectively, which surpass those of most previously reported LDH-based adsorbents. The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation fitted the kinetic data of adsorption, while the equilibrium adsorption isotherm data followed the Langmuir model. The adsorption mechanism, electrochemical, and the antibacterial properties of three Zn-Co-Ni-LDHs were also discussed. This results not only demonstrates that three Zn-Co-Ni-LDHs are practical interest as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of MO from dye waste water, but also provides a strategy for the rational design through three ternary Zn-Co-Ni-LDHs from 2D to 3D.
Subject(s)
Water Pollutants, Chemical , Zinc , Zinc/chemistry , Adsorption , Metals , Hydroxides/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the clinical effect of "information knowledge belief practice" model, namely "IKAP theory" nursing intervention model on patients with peritoneal dialysis(PD).Methods:The clinical data of 120 patients with PD treated in The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2020 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 60 cases in each group. In the observation group, there were 32 males and 28 females with an age range of (56.16±10.25) years, including 18 cases of diabetic nephropathy, 22 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis and 20 cases of hypertensive nephropathy. In the control group, there were 34 males and 26 females, with an age range of (56.27±10.34) years, including 14 cases of diabetic nephropathy, 18 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis and 28 cases of hypertensive nephropathy. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing. In addition to the routine nursing, the patients in the observation group also adopted IKAP mode for nursing intervention. The levels of hemoglobin (HB), serum albumin (ALB), comprehensive nutrition assessment score (SGA) and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared before and 6 months after the intervention. The comparison of measurement data before and after intervention in the intervention group was analyzed by paired sample t-test. Frequency data were compared and analyzed by Chi-square ( χ2) test. Results:Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in ALB, Hb levels and SGA between the observation group and the control group( t=1.001~1.743, all P>0.05). After the intervention, the SGA score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, while the levels of ALB and Hb were higher than those of the control group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t=3.411~5.050, all P<0.05). The satisfaction of patients in the observation group was 95%, while that in the control group was 78.33%, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=7.212, P<0.05). Conclusions:For peritoneal dialysis patients, IKAP nursing intervention can not only effectively improve their nutritional status, but also increase their satisfaction with nursing. IKAP nursing intervention model is worthy of clinical promotion.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To study the effect of rhythmic breathing on pain in burn patients.@*Methods@#A total of 100 patients with burns in Tangshan Workers Hospital were randomly selected from August 2015 to August 2017. They were randomly divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. Baseline variables were recorded for each patient, and pain scores for each patient was scored on the fourth day after admission by the pain scale questionnaire score. At the same time, from the fourth day of admission, each group began to give sterile dressings to treat burns. The control group only used a conventional care mode that included dressing coverage therapy. The experimental group added rhythmic breathing on this basis. The pain scores were scored on the 5th day, the 6th day, and the 7th day after admission. The pain scores of the 3 days in each group were compared, and the difference in pain scores between the 2 groups was compared.@*Results@#In the experimental group, the pain scores on the 5th day, the 6th day and the 7th day of admission were (1.53±1.90), (1.68±1.37), and (1.97±1.18) points, respectively, and the control group was (3.64±0.85). (3.74±0.78), (3.85±0.81) points, there were significant differences in pain scores between the two groups (U=5.76, 8.65, 7.79, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in pain scores on the 5th day, 6th day and 7th day in the observation group (P>0.05). There was statistically significant difference in pain scores between the control group on day 5, day 6, and day 7 (χ2=6.83, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#Rhythmic breathing relieves pain after burns.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of rhythmic breathing on pain in burn patients. Methods A total of 100 patients with burns in Tangshan Workers Hospital were randomly selected from August 2015 to August 2017. They were randomly divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. Baseline variables were recorded for each patient, and pain scores for each patient was scored on the fourth day after admission by the pain scale questionnaire score. At the same time, from the fourth day of admission, each group began to give sterile dressings to treat burns. The control group only used a conventional care mode that included dressing coverage therapy. The experimental group added rhythmic breathing on this basis. The pain scores were scored on the 5th day, the 6th day, and the 7th day after admission. The pain scores of the 3 days in each group were compared, and the difference in pain scores between the 2 groups was compared. Results In the experimental group, the pain scores on the 5th day, the 6th day and the 7th day of admission were (1.53 ± 1.90), (1.68 ± 1.37), and (1.97 ± 1.18) points, respectively, and the control group was (3.64 ± 0.85). (3.74±0.78), (3.85±0.81) points, there were significant differences in pain scores between the two groups (U=5.76, 8.65, 7.79, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in pain scores on the 5th day, 6th day and 7th day in the observation group (P>0.05). There was statistically significant difference in pain scores between the control group on day 5, day 6, and day 7 (χ2=6.83, P<0.01). Conclusions Rhythmic breathing relieves pain after burns.
