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Background: The incidence of granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is increasing year by year, and the breast wounds of women patients with GLM can develop into abscesses, fistulas, sinuses, and sometimes orange-like degeneration similar to malignant tumors, which seriously affects the quality of life of women patients with GLM. In China, breast wounds in women patients with GLM have not been better managed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the disease experience of women patients with GLM, to provide a basis for the development of precise intervention and support strategies for women patients with GLM, and to further improve the quality of nursing management and enrich the research types of GLM. Methods: In this study, 10 cases of GLM women patients from a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province were selected by purposive sampling. After obtaining the informed consent of GLM women patients, semi-structured interviews were conducted with GLM women patients using the interview outline to collect qualitative data. The interview was recorded, transcribed verbatim in the local language, and then translated into English, and the content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (CORE-Q) checklist follows the report 's findings. Results: Our study identified six themes: (a) Perception of the disease, (b) Emotional discomfort (c) Variety of changes (d) Lack of specific skills (e) Coping strategies adopted to rebuild health, (f) Expectation. Conclusion: The experience of women with GLM is characterized by diversity and specificity. After experiencing physical trauma, most patients use support systems to change negative attitudes and rebuild physical and mental health. Family, hospital and society should be fully linked to strengthen the prevention of GLM and the popularization of nursing management knowledge; nurses should provide targeted nursing services. Nursing leaders should improve the medical security system, broaden the medical channels, and reduce the pain experience and pressure of patients.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To summarize the clinical characteristics of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) in patients with sudden deafness (SD) as the first symptom, improve the awareness of the disease, and help diagnosis and treatment. CASE SUMMARY: From 2019 to 2020, three patients with ACI with SD as the first symptom were admitted to our hospital. Pure tone audiometry, head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), vertebral artery and carotid artery B-ultrasound, head and neck computed tomography angiography, and other examinations were performed. Following the treatment of SD, hearing and dizziness were not significantly improved. Then, the patients developed symptoms of related cranial nerve injury, and brain MRI showed cerebral infarction in the cerebellopontine angle area. All three cases were transferred to the neurology department for relevant conservative treatment. CONCLUSION: Patients with ACI with SD as the first symptom usually attend the otolaryngology clinic. Here a diagnosis of SD, which is based on an audiological examination, is made and the corresponding treatment is administered. To reduce the misdiagnosis of this disease, close attention should be paid to the changes in the patient's clinical symptoms and related auxiliary examinations should be performed, such as brain MRI and cerebrovascular imaging. Otolaryngologists should pay attention to the type and severity of hearing loss, the accompanying symptoms, age, high-risk factors for cerebral infarction, and related cranial nerve symptoms in patients with SD. If the patient's early brain MRI does not show abnormalities, monitoring remains essential. The head MRI should be analyzed quickly based on the changes in the symptoms of the patient, to make an accurate diagnosis and provide the timely and correct treatment for the patients.
ABSTRACT
A kind of jadeite jade with black bands appeared in the mining area of Burma, which presents a gray-black to black appearance. X-ray powder diffraction analysis shows that the components of the sample are mainly jadeite and a small amount of omphacite. A large number of small, dark mineral inclusions were observed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), distributed in the mineral grain gaps and tensional fractures of jadeite. These inclusions show specific peak at 1582 cm(-1) , and some of them also show a peak at 1346 cm(-1), indicating that these black inclusions are single crystal graphite and amorphous graphite, based on characteristic Raman spectra. These graphite inclusions forming different types of group lead to great light scattering loss in the range of 3000 nm to visible wavelength resulting in large transparency loss and cause the black band in sample. Two series of zircons were found in the sample by microexamination with high crystallinity and inconspicuous metamictization, as testified by Raman spectroscopy.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiological characteristics of Keshan disease (KD) and its trend so as to provide evidences for further research, prevention and treatment of the disease in Sichuan province. METHODS: Based on KD related data from 1990 to 2008, descriptive method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of KD. RESULTS: 87 KD cases were identified during the 19 years. All cases were children from the countryside, with majority of them were Yi nationality. Age of the patients ranged from 5 months to 18 years, with majority at 2 - 6 year-olds. The annual incidence rates were from 0/100 000 to 1.73/100 000 with 1999 the highest (1.73/100 000). A total number of 310 preclinical or chronic KD cases were identified and the total detection rates were between 0.28% and 2.8%, with 1992 the highest. As for levels of blood selenium during the 19 years: 1995 appeared the lowest (0.1345 microg/g), followed by 1990 - 2000 (0.1558 microg/g) but all of them fell in to the level in the KD epidemic areas. CONCLUSION: There were 5 stages in the development trend of KD disease in Sichuan province, with 2 ascending and 3 descending. The differences between any of the two stages were statistically significant. The 3 descending stages all appeared right after the selenium supplement intervention was taken. Our data showed that the program of selenium supplement was closely related to the incidence of KD, suggesting that a long term mechanism of Selenium supplement in the epidemic areas should be taking into account.
