Interferometric control of magnon-induced nearly perfect absorption in cavity magnonics.

The perfect absorption of electromagnetic waves has promoted many applications, including photovoltaics, radar cloaking, and molecular detection. Unlike conventional methods of critical coupling that require asymmetric boundaries or coherent perfect absorption that require multiple coherent incident beams, here we demonstrate single-beam perfect absorption in an on-chip cavity magnonic device without breaking its boundary symmetry. By exploiting magnon-mediated interference between two internal channels, both reflection and transmission of our device can be suppressed to zero, resulting in magnon-induced nearly perfect absorption (MIPA). Such interference can be tuned by the strength and direction of an external magnetic field, thus showing versatile controllability. Furthermore, the same multi-channel interference responsible for MIPA also produces level attraction (LA)-like hybridization between a cavity magnon polariton mode and a cavity photon mode, demonstrating that LA-like hybridization can be surprisingly realized in a coherently coupled system.

[Exploration of the mechanism of human platelet-rich plasma in regulating and controlling human epidermal stem cells for promoting wound re-epithelialization at transcriptome level].

Objective: To analyze target genes of human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in regulating and controlling human epidermal stem cells (ESCs). Methods: (1) The discarded foreskin tissues were collected from 6 male patients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University after urological surgery. The patients aged 5 to 25 years with good health and without urinary system infection. Human ESCs were cultivated using quick attachment method, and were subjected to morphological observation and identification. Venous blood sample in the volume of 40 mL was collected from a female healthy volunteer (aged 29 years) of General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, and PRP was extracted by second centrifugation method. (2) The successfully cultured primary human ESCs were divided into control group and PRP group according to the random number table, with 3 wells in each group. The cells in control group were not specially treated. In PRP group, PRP was added to the ESC medium to achieve final volume fraction of 2.5% after the cells were adhered for 12 hours. RNA was extracted, and transcriptome sequencing and data analysis of human ESCs of two groups were performed using RNA sequencing technology. Using the false discovery rate less than 0.05 and the fold change more than or equal to 4 as the standard, the differentially expressed genes were screened by Dr. Tom data mining system. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed on the obtained differentially expressed genes to find out the GO entries with significant enrichment. Then Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation analysis was used to further analyze the biological processes or metabolic pathways in which differentially expressed genes might be involved. Finally, the genes related to re-epithelialization and significantly differentially expressed were selected, and the differential expression of genes was verified by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were statistically analyzed with independent-samples t test. Results: (1) The cultured cells were cloned with a paving stone-like shape and positive rate of CD49f of 95.132% and CD71 of 0.006%, which proved that the primary culture of ESCs was successful. (2) The quality control data analysis showed that the selected samples had better quality and higher sequence alignment rate, which met the requirements of sequencing. (3) Sequencing data showed that there were a total of 449 differentially expressed genes between the two groups, including 354 up-regulated genes and 95 down-regulated genes. Further cluster analysis determined that there were 18 significantly up-regulated genes and 5 significantly down-regulated genes between the two groups. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway annotation analysis showed that the significantly differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the epidermis construction and keratinization process, which also might be related to interleukin 17 signaling pathway. (4) Keratin 19, keratin 10, and S100A7 genes which were related to the process of re-epithelialization and significantly differentially expressed were selected for verification. Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR showed that compared with those of control group, the mRNA expressions of keratin 19 and S100A7 of cells in PRP group were significantly increased (t=10.270, 5.690, P<0.01), while the mRNA expression of keratin 10 was significantly decreased (t=7.306, P<0.01), which was consistent with the result of sequencing data. Conclusions: PRP regulates function of human ESCs and promotes wound re-epithelialization involving transcriptional regulation of multiple genes, including keratin 19, keratin 10, and S100A7. In-depth exploration of the possible regulatory network of PRP affecting human ESCs will provide the basis for its subsequent clinical application.

LINC01605 promotes the proliferation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma through targeting miR-493-3p.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the potential influence of LINC01605 on the progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and the underlying mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: LINC01605 and microRNA-493-3p (miR-493-3p) levels in normal laryngeal tissues, LSCC tissues, and paired paracancerous tissues were detected. Regulatory effects of LINC01605 on proliferative ability and apoptosis in HEp-2 and AMC-HN-8 cells were assessed. Besides, the interaction between LINC01605 and miR-493-3p was evaluated by Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay and Spearman's rank correlation analysis. Finally, rescue experiments were conducted to clarify the role of LINC01605/miR-493-3p axis in the progression of LSCC. RESULTS: LINC01605 was upregulated and miR-493-3p was downregulated in LSCC tissues. Knockdown of LINC01605 inhibited proliferative ability, and stimulated apoptosis in HEp-2 and AMC-HN-8 cells. Moreover, LINC01605 directly bound to miR-493-3p, and the former negatively regulated the level of the latter. In addition, miR-493-3p was able to reverse the regulatory effect of LINC01605 on proliferative ability in LSCC. CONCLUSIONS: LINC01605 is upregulated in LSCC tissues, and it promotes the malignant progression of LSCC via targeting miR-493-3p.

[Effects of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma on healing of wounds with full-thickness skin defects in mice].

Objective: To investigate the effects of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on healing of wounds with full-thickness skin defects in mice. Methods: ADSCs were isolated from the lumbar and abdominal fat donated voluntarily by a healthy woman undergoing liposuction in the Department of Plastic Surgery of Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command, and the cells were cultured and identified. ADSCs of the second passage were used in the following experiments. The venous blood of the volunteer was taken, and PRP was obtained by secondary centrifugation. Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were divided into simple injury group (n=12), simple ADSCs treatment group (n=12), and ADSCs+ PRP treatment group (n=12) according to the random number table. Each mouse was inflicted with a 1 cm×1 cm wound with full-thickness skin defect on the back. Immediately after injury, the wounds of mice in simple injury group were subcutaneously injected with 1 mL normal saline, the wounds of mice in simple ADSCs treatment group were subcutaneously injected with 1 mL phosphate buffer solution-blended ADSCs suspension (with concentration of 5×10(5) /mL, the same below), and the wounds of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group were subcutaneously injected with 1 mL mixture of PRP and ADSCs (1∶2 volume ratio). Three mice in each group were taken on post injury day (PID) 3, 5, 7, and 14 to observe the gross condition of wound, and the wound healing rate was calculated. On PID 3, 5, and 7, the non-healing wound tissue and 0.5 cm normal skin tissue around the wound margin were taken after gross observation. The inflammation, re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis of tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the re-epithelialization rate was calculated. The collagen synthesis of tissue was observed by masson staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of macrophages of tissue samples collected on PID 3 and 5. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design and Least-Significant Difference test. Results: (1) On PID 3, the wounds of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group were with granulation tissue regeneration, redness, and swelling, and the wounds of mice in the other two groups were ruddy and with effusion. On PID 5, the wounds of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group had less redness and swelling, which were dry with obvious scab, and wounds of mice in the other two groups were obviously red and swollen. On PID 7, scab formed basically on wounds of mice in the three groups. On PID 14, the wounds of mice in the three groups basically healed, and their crusts were off. On PID 3, 5, 7, and 14, the wound healing rates of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group were obviously higher than those of the other two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). On PID 5 and 7, the wound healing rates of mice in simple ADSCs treatment group were obviously higher than those of simple injury group (P<0.01). (2) On PID 3, granulation tissue regeneration of wounds in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group was more than that in the other two groups. On PID 5, inflammatory reaction of wounds of mice was mild in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group, which was severe in the other two groups. On PID 7, the re-epithelialization process of wounds of mice was almost completed in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group, and the number of new vessels was more in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group than in the other two groups. The migration distance of regenerated epithelia around the wound edge in simple injury group and simple ADSCs treatment group was short. On PID 3, 5, and 7, the re-epithelialization rates of wounds of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group were (37.6±4.5)%, (59.1±1.3)%, and (89.2±4.3)%, respectively, significantly higher than (25.7±1.5)%, (34.5±4.4)%, and (50.8±2.7)% in simple injury group and (29.1±0.8)%, (42.6±2.9)%, and (72.9±3.0)% in simple ADSCs treatment group (P<0.01). On PID 5 and 7, the re-epithelialization rates of wounds of mice in simple ADSCs treatment group were significantly higher than those in simple injury group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (3) On PID 3 and 5, a quite large number of new collagen fibers appeared in granulation tissue of wounds of ADSCs+ PRP treatment group, while the collagen fibers in the other two groups were less. On PID 7, the granulation tissue of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group decreased, and a large number of new collagen fibers appeared. The collagen fibers in wounds tissue of mice in simple ADSCs treatment group increased, while the collagen fibers deposited in wounds tissue of mice in simple injury group was still less. (4) On PID 3 and 5, the numbers of macrophages in wounds tissue of mice in simple ADSCs treatment group were 4.7±0.6 and 5.3±0.6 respectively, obviously lower than 6.3±0.6 and 7.7±0.6 in injury group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the numbers of macrophages in wounds tissue of mice in ADSCs+ PRP treatment group were 3.0±1.1 and 2.7±0.5, significantly lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions: Human PRP and ADSCs are involved in the early inflammation, metaphase of tissue proliferation, and re-epithelialization and shaping process of late stage of wounds with full-thickness skin defects in mice. The combination of ADSCs and PRP may be a comparatively good combination to improve the speed and quality of wound healing.

[Analysis of the clinical features of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the parotid gland].

Objective:To investigate clinical features of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma(MALT) of the parotid gland. Method:Retrospective analysis was made in 10 patients who were dignosed as MALT of the parotid gland. Clinical symptoms, CT scanning and pathologic immunohistochemistry data, surgery procedure and prognosis were collected for analysis. Result:The main complain of patients was slow growing masses under the earlobes without pain. The lesion location was found at the superficial lobe of the parotid gland in 8 cases and deep lobe in 2 cases, respectively．CT scanning exhibited density isodense or hyperdense nodules, with occasional calcification and necrosis in these patients. Enhancement CT scanning exhibited lower or moderate enhancement, circumambient enhancement or delayed enhancement. Pathological examinations showed that the gland was heavily infiltrated by lymphoid cells and epimyoepithelial island were frequently observed. B-lymphocyte was found positive in these patients by histopathological examination. All patients underwent surgical treatment. According to the tumor sites, patient received the superficial parotidectomy or total parotidectomy. The postoperative follow-up period was 1 to 7 years. No tumor recurrence occurred in any patients during the follow-up time. Conclusion:The diagnosis of MALT lymphoma of the parotid gland should combined with clinical manifestation, imaging examination and pathology.symptoms,CT scanning and pathologic immunohistochemistry data. Surgery was the major treatment, combined with postoperative radiation and chemotherapy, the prognosis is good, However, long-term efficacy need further observation．.

Effect of siRNA targeting HER2/neu on the proliferation and viability of prostate cancer PC-3M cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) on the proliferation and viability of prostate cancer PC-3M cells. Chemically synthesized siRNA targeting HER2/neu was transfected into PC-3M cells by using liposomes, and cells transfected with empty liposomes, a negative siRNA sequence, or nothing (untransfected) were used as controls. mRNA and protein levels of HER2/neu were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. The inhibitory action of HER2/neu siRNA on the in vitro growth of PC-3M cells was assessed by the cholecystokinin 8 assay and apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Cells transfected with HER2/neu siRNA showed decreased mRNA and protein levels of HER2/neu compared to control groups (P < 0.05). The survival rate of PC-3M cells decreased significantly after transfection with HER2/neu siRNA compared to that of untransfected cells (55.39 ± 1.60 and 81.42 ± 0.80%, respectively; P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate in cells transfected with HER2/neu siRNA was quite high (45.60 ± 0.70%) compared to that of blank control, empty liposome, and negative siRNA sequence groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, siRNA targeting HER2/neu inhibits HER2/neu expression in PC-3M cells, resulting in an inhibition in proliferation and an induction of apoptosis.

Development of diabetic nephropathy in nude mice.

BACKGROUND: Immune dysfunction is very common in diabetes mellitus (DM). However, there is no evidence whether such immune dysfunction can influence the development of DM, especially the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). AIM: To investigate the influence of absence of T cells on DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Balb/c nude mice and Balb/c wild-type nude (WT) mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ). Serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), blood glucose, body weight, urine albumin/creatinine ratio and rate of kidney weight to body weight (KW/BW) were measured. RESULTS: After modeling, there was no difference of blood glucose level between nude mice and WT mice except at week 2 (28.3 ± 4.9 mmol/l vs 23.1 ± 3.9 mmol/l, p<0.01). At week 4, the serum TNF- α level of nude mice got to 175.08 ± 46.03 pg/ml (p<0.05, compared with baseline level 80.19 ± 8.46 pg/ml), whereas the TNF- α levels of WT mice was stable. At week 4, the body weight of nude mice was lower than that of WT mice (14.7 ± 3.15 g vs 17.97 ± 2.85 g, p<0.05); the urine albumin/creatinine ratio (Alb/Cr) of nude mice was higher than that of WT mice (50.96 ± 5.57 mg/mmol vs 41.09 ± 5.79 mg/mmol, p<0.05); the kidney weight to body weight of nude mice was higher than that of WT mice (0.01352 ± 0.00163 vs 0.01173 ± 0.00131, p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed urine Alb/Cr positively correlated with serum TNF-α level at week 4 (r = 0.588, p<0.01). At week 4, the increase of type IV collagen in the glomeruli was more prominent in diabetic nude mice than in diabetic WT mice (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Absence of T cells in DM might influence the development of DN.

[The clinical and pathologic study of embeded supernumerary teeth].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinic and pathologic features of 100 embedded supernumerary teeth, to find out the rule of cystic change of supernumerary teeth and its relationship to malocclusion, and to present the methods of therapy. METHODS: Analysis of clinical data, X-ray manifestation,comparison of the findings on operation and pathological changes demonstrated the correct diagnosis of supernumerary teeth. RESULTS: On statistics and analysis,66% of the crowns of the supernumerary teeth were showed different sizes of circular photic shades,but only 35% were proved to be cystic change by biopsies. CONCLUSION: This study showed that 35% had cystic change among 100 cases,so if the diagnosis can be made in these cases with indication of operation the extraction of the supernumerary teeth must be done as soon as possible.

Influence of batroxobin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils.

AIM: To study the effects of batroxobin (Bat) on neurons survival, neurobehavioral test, ATP levels and hydroxyl radical outputs in hippocampus during forebrain ischemia-reperfusion in gerbils. METHODS: The forebrain ischemia was induced by occluding the bilateral common carotid arteries for 10 min in gerbils, and ATP levels and 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) outputs were assayed by HPLC. The neurons survival were assessed by histology, and behavioral tests of gerbils were assessed by open field test. RESULTS: The number of neurons survival in Ir at d 7 postischemic insult were (7 +/- 4)% of sham-operated gerbils, much less than that in Bat (45 +/- 16)%. The levels of explore activities of ischemic gerbils was 175% and 159% of sham-operated gerbils at d 3 and d 6 postischemic insult, much more than that in Bat (120% d 3 and 140% d 6). Hippocampal ATP levels in Ir were 64% of sham-operated gerbils at reperfusion 60 min, much less than that in Bat I and II (82% and 89% respectively). The hippocampal 2,3-DHBA outputs in Ir increased by 4.5 folds of sham-operated gerbils at reperfusion 60 min, but the 2,3-DHBA outputs in Bat I and Bat II were only 2.6 and 2.4 folds respectively. CONCLUSION: Bat possesses the inhibitory effects on DND and OH. production following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in gerbils.

[The study of mechanism by which mild hypothermia reduced delayed neuronal death after cerebral ischemia in gerbils].

AIM: To study the effect of mild hypothermia on delayed neuronal death as well as the relationship between hydroxyl radicals generation in hippocampus and the change of dopamine and ATP content in striatum following ischemia/reperfusion in gerbils. METHODS: The ischemia was induced by occlusion the both carotid common arteries for 10 minutes in gerbils. Animals were divided into four groups: sham-operated group, ischemic group, ischemia/reperfusion group and mild hypothermic ischemia/reperfusin group. The numbers of delayed neuronal death were assessed by histological examination. OH. outputs in hippocampus and dopamine content in striatum were specifically identified and quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrochemical detection (ECD). ATP content in striatum was also determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Mild hypothermia significantly reduced the numbers of damaged neurons in hippocampus CA1 subfield after ischemia in gerbils. In MH group, 2,3-DHBA outputs were much less than that in IR group (P < 0.01). Dopamine and ATP content in striatum were higher than those in IR group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Mild hypothermia could decrease the delayed neuronal death in gerbils by reducing hydroxyl radicals production in hippocampus and inhibiting dopamine release as well as prompting the recovery of ATP content in striatum following ischemia/reperfusion in gerbils.

Relationship between muscarinic receptor subtypes and cyclic nucleotides in pons-medulla oblongata.

AIM: To study the relationship between muscarinic receptor (M-R) subtypes and cyclic nucleotides in pons-medulla oblongata (MeOb). METHODS: The contents of cGMP and cAMP in Sprague-Dawley rat pons-MeOb, cerebellum and cerebral cortex were assayed by radioimmunoassay and competitive protein-binding assay, respectively, after ip injections of drugs. Control rats were given ip normal saline. RESULTS: M1-R agonist pilocarpine (6, 15 mg kg-1, ip) increased the content of cGMP in the pons-MeOb and cerebral cortex, but did not bring about any noticeable change in the cAMP content. The increase of cGMP was antagonized by ip pirenzepine or scopolamine. On the other hand, ip M2-R agonist 6 beta-acetoxy nortropane (6 beta-AN) 25 micrograms kg-1 reduced not only cAMP contents in the pons-MeOb and cerebellum but also cGMP contents in the pons-MeOb and cerebral cortex, while 6 beta-AN 12 micrograms kg-1 only lowered cAMP content. The decreases of cGMP and cAMP induced by 6 beta-AN were antagonized by ip AF-DX 116 or atropine, respectively. CONCLUSION: Stimulation of M1-R causes the increase of cGMP and that of M2-R induces the decreases of both cGMP and cAMP in the pons-MeOb.

[Relationship between morphine-induced respiratory depression and the cholinergic system of respiratory center].

Morphine (0.5-4 mg/kg, iv) caused dose-dependent decreases of respiratory frequency (FR), minute volume (Vm) and PaO2 and an increase of PaCO2 in rabbits. These effects of morphine were reversed by pilocarpine (2.5 mg/kg, icv) .4-Amino pyridine (4-AP, 1.5 micrograms/kg, icv) caused increase of FR and PaO2 and reduction of PaCO2 with marked increase in Vm. When 4-AP was administered in combination with different doses of morphine, the respiratory depressant effect was reduced and the dose-effect curve was shifted to the right. Following administration of reserpine (1 mg/kg, iv) which depleted the brain of its catecholamine content, morphine (4 mg/kg, iv) was still capable of decreasing FR and Vm, and 4-AP could abolish this effect completely. Morphine (4 mg/kg) caused the most dramatic reduction of Ach contents in pons and medulla oblongata in rabbits 30 min after administration, and remained so until 60 min. Varying the dose of morphine (2-8 mg/kg) caused dose-dependent reduction of Ach contents in the above mentioned brain areas. The time course and dose-effect of respiratory depression showed a close correlation with those of the decline of Ach contents in lower brain stem (r = 0.9301, P less than 0.01). The results showed that the respiratory depression by morphine was related to the reduction of Ach contents in lower brain stem and hence causing decrease of Ach release.