Immobilization of Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride on Al2O3 for Efficiently Photocatalytic Sulfide Oxidation.

Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) derivatives have received significant attention as molecule photocatalysts. However, the poor recyclability of molecule-type photocatalysts hinders their widespread applications. Herein, immobilization of PTCDA on Al2O3 was achieved by simply physical mixing, which not only dramatically improved their recyclability, but also surprisingly improved the reactivity. A mechanism study suggested that the photo-exited state (PTCDA*) of PTCDA could promote the oxidation of thioanisole to generate PTCDA•-, which sequentially reduces oxygen to furnish superoxide radicals to achieve the catalytic cycle. Herein, the immobilization support Al2O3 was able to facilitate the strong adsorption of thioanisole, thereby boosting the photocatalytic activity. This work provides a new insight that the immobilization of organic molecular photocatalysts on those supports with proper adsorption sites could furnish highly efficient, stable, and recyclable molecular-based heterogeneous photocatalysts.

Photosynthesis of C-1-Deuterated Aldehydes via Chlorine Radical-Mediated Selective Deuteration of the Formyl C-H Bond.

C-1-deuterated aldehydes are essential building blocks in the synthesis of deuterated chemicals and pharmaceuticals. This has led chemists to devise mild methodologies for their efficient production. Ideally, hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDE) is the most effective approach. However, the traditional HDE for creating C-1-deuterated aldehydes often requires a complex system involving multiple catalysts and/or ligands. In this study, we present a mild photocatalytic HDE of the formyl C-H bond with D2O. This process is facilitated by chlorine radicals that are generated in situ from low-cost FeCl3. This strategy demonstrated a broad reaction scope and high functional group tolerance, affording good yields and ≤99% D incorporation. To bridge the gap between research and industrial applications, we designed a new flow photoreactor equipped with a high-intensity light-emitting diode bucket, enabling the synthesis of C-1-deuterated aldehydes on a scale of 85 g. Finally, we successfully produced several important deuterated aldehydes that are integral to the synthesis of deuterated pharmaceuticals.

Vaporization of Prostate by 160W GreenLight Laser on Postoperative Erectile Function-A Single Center Report.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) on erectile function (EF) utilizing a 160W GreenLight laser system with up to 36 months of follow-up in men with lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database of patients who underwent GreenLight PVP was retrospectively reviewed. International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire was used to assess EF. In total, 265 sexually active patients who underwent 160W GreenLight laser PVP were identified and divided into Group A with baseline IIEF-5 <19 and group B with baseline IIEF-5 ≥19. IIEF-5, International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, postvoid residual, and Qmax were recorded preoperatively, perioperatively, and at follow-up after 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Recorded data were analyzed statistically using t- and χ2 tests. RESULTS: The preoperative and perioperative data of the 2 groups were comparable. Significant improvements in International Prostate Symptom Score, Qmax, quality of life, and postvoid residual were observed in both groups at every follow-up visit throughout the 36 months with no significant difference between the groups. EF was sustained postoperatively compared with the baseline in the whole study population. In Group A (preoperative IIEF-5 <19), EF was significantly improved at 1 month and 12 month (P= .02 and P= .002). CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing PVP by 160W GreenLight laser for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia, no significant detrimental effect was observed in the EF at up to 3 years of follow-up. However, in patients with preoperative erectile dysfunction (ED), we showed a significant improvement.

Lack of association between methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 G1958A polymorphism and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

The methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1) polymorphism G1958A has been extensively investigated as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa), but the results have thus far been inconclusive. This meta-analysis was performed to derive a more precise estimation of the association. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all case-control studies of MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism and PCa risk. We used odds ratios (ORs) to assess the strength of the association, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) give a sense of the precision of the estimate. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manage version 5.0 and Stata 10.0. A total of six available studies were considered in the present meta-analysis, with 7,493 patients and 36,941 controls. When all groups were pooled, there was no evidence that G1958A had significant association with PCa under additive, recessive, dominant, and allelic models. This meta-analysis suggests that MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism might not be a risk factor for PCa. However, further large-scale and well-designed case-control studies are necessary to validate the risk identified in the present meta-analysis.

The association between XPC Lys939Gln gene polymorphism and urinary bladder cancer susceptibility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Numerous epidemiological studies have been conducted to explore the association between the Lys939Gln polymorphism of Xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) gene and urinary bladder cancer susceptibility. However, the results remain inconclusive. In order to derive a more precise estimation of this relationship, a large and update meta-analysis was performed in this study. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted through researching MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, China Biomedical Literature database (CBM) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases before June 2013. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of the association. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies with 4828 cases and 4890 controls for evaluating the XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism and urinary bladder cancer were included. Overall, there was significant associations between the XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism and urinary bladder cancer risk were found for homozygous model (OR = 1.352, 95% CL = 1.088-1.681), heterozygous model (OR = 1.354, 95% CL = 1.085-1.688), and allele comparison (OR = 1.109, 95% CL = 1.013-1.214). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity and source of controls, there were still significant associations detected in some genetic models. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that the XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism contributed to the risk of urinary bladder cancer. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1001118393101798.