Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation enhanced the protective effect of kiwifruit on intestinal injury in rats: Based on mitochondrial morphology and function.

Fermented foods have protective effects on body health. In our previously study, we found Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation enhanced antioxidant activity of kiwifruit in vitro digestion. Then, in this work we explored the protective effect of fermented kiwi on intestinal injury induced by acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress. Compared to non-fermented kiwi pulp (KP), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermented kiwi pulp (FKP-LP) contained more peptides, hormones and vitamins contents, lesser nucleic acid and carbohydrate contents. FKP-LP could relieve the intestinal injury by improving morphological of tight junction and upregulating tight junction proteins mRNA expression. Fermented kiwi maintained the mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial respiratory function, and mitochondrial homeostasis, and relieved the LPS induced injury by regulating the contents of energy substances, and the respiratory chain complex enzyme activity through the pathway of AMPK and its downstream factors including PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM, and ULK2.

Circular RNA circ-TNRC6B inhibits the proliferation and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating the miR-452-5p/DAG1 axis.

Previous studies have uncovered the key role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various diseases, including cancer. However, the growth-inhibitory effects of circRNAs on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been completely elucidated. This study characterized a newly identified circRNA derived from exons 9-13 of TNRC6B (named circ-TNRC6B). The expression of circ-TNRC6B in ESCC tissues was markedly downregulated when compared to that in non-tumor tissues. In 53 ESCC cases, circ-TNRC6B expression was negatively correlated with the T stage. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that circ-TNRC6B upregulation was an independent protective factor for ESCC patients' prognosis. Overexpression and knockdown functional experiments demonstrated that circ-TNRC6B inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that circ-TNRC6B sponges oncogenic miR-452-5p to upregulate the expression and activity of DAG1. Treatment with miR-452-5p inhibitor partially reversed the circ-TNRC6B-induced changes in the biological behavior of ESCC cells. These findings demonstrated that circ-TNRC6B exerts a tumor-suppressing effect in ESCC through the miR-452-5p/DAG1 axis. Thus, circ-TNRC6B is a potential prognostic biomarker for the clinical management of ESCC.

Circular RNA circCCDC85A inhibits breast cancer progression via acting as a miR-550a-5p sponge to enhance MOB1A expression.

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence indicates that abnormal expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) plays a crucial role by acting as molecular sponges of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various diseases, including cancer. In this study, we explored whether circCCDC85A could function as a miR-550a-5p sponge and influence breast cancer progression. METHODS: We detected the expression of circCCDC85A in breast cancer tissues and cells using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). CCK-8 and colony formation assay were used to detect the proliferative ability of breast cancer cells. Wound healing assay and transwell migration and invasion assays were used to detect the migrative and invasive abilities of breast cancer cells. We also examined the interactions between circCCDC85A and miR-550a-5p using FISH, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, we performed luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot to confirm the direct targeting of miR-550a-5p to MOB1A. RESULTS: The expression of circCCDC85A in breast cancer tissues was obviously lower than that in normal breast tissues. Over-expression of circCCDC85A substantially inhibited the proliferative, migrative, and invasive ability of breast cancer cells, while knocking down of circCCDC85A enhanced the aforementioned properties of breast cancer cells. Moreover, enforced expression of circCCDC85A inhibits the oncogenic activity of miR-550a-5p and increases the expression of MOB1A targeted by miR-550a-5p. Further molecular mechanism research showed that circCCDC85A may act as a molecular sponge for miR-550a-5p, thus restoring miR-550a-5p-mediated targeting repression of tumor suppressor MOB1A in breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide novel evidence that circCCDC85A inhibits the progression of breast cancer by functioning as a molecular sponge of miR-550a-5p to enhance MOB1A expression.

Facile synthesis of CoxP decorated porous carbon microspheres for ultrasensitive detection of 4-nitrophenol.

A novel cobalt phosphide (CoxP, a mixture of CoP and Co2P) embedded within nitrogen-doped porous carbon microspheres was facilely prepared by pyrolysis of a composite precursor. The composite precursor was achieved by in-situ growth of Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) on the Zn(PO4)x microspheres. The as-prepared CoxP decorated nitrogen-doped porous carbon microspheres (CoxP/NC) possess uniform distribution of graphite-encapsulated CoxP, a large surface area (826m2g-1) and abundant mesopores. It was found the CoxP/NC exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performances toward 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Therefore, CoxP/NC was developed to fabricate an ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for 4-NP by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). In comparison with glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) modified GCE, the CoxP/NC modified GCE (CoxP/NC/GCE) showed a remarkable increase in DPV current toward 4-NP. Under optimized condition, an ultrahigh sensitivity of 20.9 (µA µmol-1 L) and a low detection limit of 2 × 10-9molL-1 (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, S/N = 3) for 4-NP were achieved. Additionally, the CoxP/NC/GCE was successfully applied to detect 4-NP in tap water with good recoveries for its attractive selectivity and repeatability, which indicated that CoxP/NC could be a promising candidate for analyzing 4-NP.

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for chloramphenicol based on MOF derived exfoliated porous carbon.

Benefit from the advantages in costless, simplicity and efficiency, solvent exfoliation has been widely used in preparation of two-dimensional nanosheets with enhanced performances in electronics, photonics, and catalysis. In this work, solvent exfoliation was first applied to prepare exfoliated porous carbon (EPC) from an isoreticular metal-organic framework-8 (IRMOF-8) derived porous carbon (DPC). The obtained EPC with high surface area (1854m2g-1) and improved dispersibility was used as electrode modifier for glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in square wave voltammetry (SWV) detection of chloramphenicol (CAP). The sensitivity of EPC modified GCE (EPC/GCE) was greatly improved in compare with that of the DPC modification. The corresponding linear ranges are 1×10-8-1×10-6molL-1 and 1×10-6-4×10-6molL-1. The detection limit was calculated to be 2.9×10-9molL-1 (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, S/N=3). In addition, the proposed sensor was successfully applied in the analysis of CAP in honey and achieved satisfying recovery.

[The Discrimination of Chinese Strong Aroma Type Liquors with Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined with Principal Component Analysis and Support Vector Machine].

In this paper, a method for discrimination of different bands liquor with strong aroma type based on three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum technology was developed. Firstly, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of seven different brands liquor were measured by the FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer which produced by Edinburgh in England. The spectral show that different bands liquors have similar fluorescence characteristics and it's difficult to distinguish them only with Fluorescent characteristic parameters. Because of this, the first-order and second-order partial derivatives respect to fluorescence emission wavelength on each of the excitation wavelength were carried out in this paper. Daubechies7 (db7) orthonormal wavelet with compact support was used to compress the spectral data. The forth approximate coefficients were finally chosen as the new data matrix. Then the new data matrix was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and the principal components were extracted to be used as the inputs of support vector machine (SVM). The K-fold cross validation was applied to optimize the parameters c and y and the prediction model was constructed in the end. Fourteen samples were selected randomly from each brand that in total of ninety-eight samples were selected as the training set, and the rest forty-two samples were collected as the prediction set. The effect of three different spectral data after processing on the model is compared, original data, the first-order and second-order partial derivatives on the spectral data. The results show that the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra with the pretreatment of second-order partial derivatives coupled with PCA and SVM can make a good performance on the brands identification of strong aroma type liquors, the accuracy of the established model and prediction accuracy were 98.98% and 100%, respectively. This method has the advantage of easy operation, high speed, low cost and provides a good help in the detection and identification of Chinese liquor.

[Soft Measurement of the Purity of the Synthetic Edible Pigment Powder Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined with SVM].

The feature compression algorithm which was reformed from the original Moment method was used for the pre-processing of the fluorescence spectral data, then combined the data and the Weighted Least Squares Support Vector Machine(WLS-SVM) algorithm to establish a robust regression model, which is used for forecasting the purity of edible pigment powder. In this paper, brilliant blue and ponceau 4R served as an example to discuss the method of forecasting effect of edible pigment powder purity. The emission fluorescence spectra of two edible pigment at the optimal excitation wavelength were measured by FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer. The compression and transformation of the fluorescence spectral data was acquired by the feature compression algorithm reformed from the Original Moment method. On the one hand the feature compression algorithm shortened the operation time, on the other hand it improved the prediction accuracy of the model. Then, the concentration prediction model was established after inputting the fluorescence spectral data pre-processed into the Weighted Least Squares Support Vector Machine. The model gave anastomotic predicted spectral data with the actual experiments of the brilliant blue and ponceau 4R, and the average coefficient of determination in the half peak width was 0.700 and 0.930 respectively. There was a good linear relationship between the predicted and the nominal concentration of the brilliant blue and ponceau 4R, and the correlation coefficients were 0.997 and 0.992 respectively. It can be concluded that, the predicted concentration of the brilliant blue and ponceau 4R powder were got the results of 61.0% and 72.3% respectively.

[Year Discrimination of Mild Aroma Chinese Liquors Using Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined with Parallel Factor and Neural Network].

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis and neural network was applied to the year discrimination of mild aroma Chinese liquors. The excitation-emission fluorescence matrices (EEMs) of 120 samples with various years were measured by FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer. The trilinear decomposition of the data array was performed and the loading scores of and the excitation-emission profiles of four components were also obtained. The scores were employed as the inputs of the BP neural networks and the PARAFAC-BP identification model was constructed. 10 samples were collected from 10, 20 and 30 years of liquors respectively, and 30 samples were selected as the test sets. The remaining 90 samples were used as the training sets to build the training model. The year prediction of unknown samples was also carried out, and the prediction accuracy was 90%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Meanwhile, the discrimination analysis method and the multi-way partial least squares discriminant analysis were compared, namely PARAFAC-BP and NPLS-DA. The results indicated that parallel factor combined with the neural network (PARAFAC-BP) has higher prediction accuracy. The proposed method can effectively extract the spectral characteristics, and also reduce the dimension of the input variables of neural network. A good year discrimination result was finally achieved.

Three-dimensional printing models improve understanding of spinal fracture--A randomized controlled study in China.

Three-dimensional printing (3 Dp) is being increasingly used in medical education. Although the use of such lifelike models is beneficial, well-powered, randomized studies supporting this statement are scarce. Two spinal fracture simulation models were generated by 3 Dp. Altogether, 120 medical students (54.2% females) were randomized into three teaching module groups [two-dimensional computed tomography images (CT), 3D, or 3 Dp] and asked to answer 10 key anatomical and 4 evaluative questions. Students in the 3 Dp or 3D group performed significantly better than those in the CT group, although males in the 3D group scored higher than females. Students in the 3 Dp group were the first to answer all questions, and there were no sex-related differences. Pleasure, assistance, effect, and confidence were more predominant in students in the 3 Dp group than in those in the 3D and CT groups. This randomized study revealed that the 3 Dp model markedly improved the identification of complex spinal fracture anatomy by medical students and was equally appreciated and comprehended by both sexes. Therefore, the lifelike fracture model made by 3 Dp technology should be used as a means of premedical education.