Rapid and large-scale synthesis of MoS2via ultraviolet laser-assisted technology for photodetector applications.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) thin films have been extensively employed in microelectronics research. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), as one of prominent candidates of this class, has been applied in photodetectors, integrated electronic devices, gas sensing, and electrochemical catalysis, owing to its extraordinary optoelectronic, chemical, and mechanical properties. Synthesis of MoS2crystal film is the key to its application. However, the reported technology revealed several drawbacks, containing limited surface area, prolonged high-temperature environment, and unsatisfying crystallinity. In order to enhance the convenience of MoS2applications, there is a pressing need for optimized fabrication technology, which could be quicker, with a large area, with adequate crystallinity and heat-saving. In this work, we presented an ultraviolet laser-assisted synthesis technology, accomplishing rapid growth (with the growth rate of about 40µm s-1) of centimeter-scale MoS2films at room temperature. To achieve this, we self-assembled a displaceable reaction chamber system, coupled with krypton fluoride ultraviolet pulse laser. The laser motion speed and trajectory could be customized in the software, allowing the maskless patterning of crystal films. As application, we exhibited a photodetector with the integration of synthesized MoS2and lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS CQDs), displaying broadband photodetection from ultraviolet, visible to near-infrared spectrum (365-1550 nm), with the detectivity of 109-1010Jones, and the rising time of 0.2-0.3 s. This work not only demonstrated a high-process-efficiency synthesis of TMDC materials, but also has opened up new opportunities for ultraviolet laser used in optoelectronics.

Inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E by tomivosertib suppresses angiogenesis, growth, and survival of glioblastoma and enhances chemotherapy's efficacy.

Glioblastoma is characterized by extensive vascularization and is highly resistant to current therapy. Identification of drugs that target tumor directly and angiogenesis processes present an effective therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma. Mnk kinase is required for the activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), which mediates translation of oncogenic proteins. We investigated the effects of tomivosertib, a novel MAPK-interacting kinase (MNK) inhibitor, on glioblastoma angiogenesis, growth, and survival. We found that tomivosertib inhibited growth and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in various glioblastoma cell lines. Tomivosertib disrupted glioblastoma endothelial cell capillary network formation, growth, and survival. Mechanistically, tomivosertib acted on glioblastoma via suppressing MNK-dependent eIF4E phosphorylation and activation in tumor and endothelial cells. We further found that temozolomide activated eIF4E and this was reversed by tomivosertib. Using glioblastoma xenograft mouse model, we demonstrated that temozolomide and tomivosertib combination had higher efficacy than tomivosertib alone. Of note, tomivosertib inhibited glioblastoma angiogenesis and decreased p-eIF4E level in mice. We finally showed that p-eIF4E activation was a common molecular feature in glioblastoma patients. Our pre-clinical findings suggest that tomivosertib is a useful addition to the treatment armamentarium for glioblastoma and that targeting MNK-eIF4E pathway represents a therapeutic strategy to overcome glioblastoma chemoresistance.

Clinical characteristics of patients with malignancies combined with acute kidney injury.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with malignancies combined with acute kidney injury (AKI), providing a basis for clinical AKI prevention and prognosis improvement. METHOD: Hospitalized patients in the Central Hospital of Nephrology from January 2008 to December 2013 were screened by electronic medical record system; Statistical analysis formalignant tumor patients associated with AKI was conducted. The clinical features of these patients in 6 years were analyzed and compared, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of hospitalized mortality in patients with and malignant tumor and AKI. RESULTS: There were 340 cases of malignancies associated with AKI patients, accounting for 30.0% (340/1133) of AKI patients in the same period. In malignancy patients, hematological malignancies accounted for 12.9% (44/340); non-metastatic solid tumor accounted for 54.7% (186/340); metastatic solid tumor accounted for 32.4% (110/340). In factors leading to AKI, post-renal obstruction [60% (204/340)], nephrotoxic drugs or contrast agents [27.9% (95/340)] and hypovolemia [41/340 (12.1%)] were common in patients with malignant tumors. There was no significant difference in the cause of AKI between early 3 years and later 3 years (P>0.05). Hospital mortality in patients with malignancies associated with AKI was [22.9% (78/340)], with an annually declining trend. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that: multiple etiologies, multiple organ failure, metastatic solid tumor, sepsis, and continuous renal replacement therapy were independent risk factors for hospital mortality. CONCLUSION: AKI is a common complication in patients with malignant tumors, with post-renal obstruction as the most common factors. Hospital mortality in malignant tumor patients associated with AKI was higher, and the prevention of AKI is crucial in clinical.

[Application of keyhole approach in operation of intracranial aneurysms].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the operative technique and evaluate the effect of intracranial aneurysms via keyhole approach. METHODS: Fifty-six intracranial aneurysm patients, 23 with anterior communicating artery (AcomA) aneurysm, 29 with posterior communicating artery (PcomA) aneurysm, and 4 with internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery aneurysm, totally with 58 lesions, were treated by microsurgery, via supraorbital keyhole approach in 22 cases, pterional approach in 18, and transorbital approach in 16. Adjuvant endoscopy was used in 33 patients. RESULTS: Fifty-eight lesions of aneurysm were clipped in all the patients and no one died. No approach-related severe complication occurred. Bilateral PcomA aneurysms in 2 cases were clipped via unilateral keyhole approach. CONCLUSION: It is workable to treat intracranial aneurysms via keyhole approach. Keyhole approach not only reduces the operation-related trauma and shorten the operation time, but also obtains ideal results.