Clinical Study on the Treatment of Non-isotropic Cervical Spondylosis by Neck Pain Granules Combined with Tuina.

BACKGROUND: Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is a common form of cervical spondylosis caused by degeneration of the cervical spine. Currently, non-surgical treatment is the preferred treatment method, and Chinese medicine is widely used. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of radiculopathy spondylosis by tuina spinning and lifting technique. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We conducted a 12-week, open-label, analyst-blinded, randomized clinical trial ( 2 weeks of intervention plus 10 weeks of observational follow-up ). A total of 25 patients with radiculopathy were collected, and data was analyzed during the treatment and recovery period. INTERVENTIONS: Neck pain granules group: a package of oral neck pain granules after meals, three times a day, treatment for 2 weeks; neck pain granules combined with massage lifting technique, treatment group: use, massage lifting technique treatment, once every two days, normal take neck pain granules, treatment for 2 weeks. All cases were followed up for 2.5 months. Main monitoring indicators: Visual Analog Scale, Neck Dysfunction Index score, and Tanaka jiu ( Tanaka Yasuhisa Cervical Spondylosis Symptom Scale ) were recorded on time, and statistical statistics were made. RESULT: The scores of VAS and NDI were significantly more effective in the neck pain granules combined with the tuina group than in the neck pain granules group, while the Tanaka Yasuhisa Cervical Spondylosis Symptom Scale was not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The treatment effect of neck pain granules combined with tuina was significantly better than that of traditional Chinese medicine alone.

Effect of organic fractions on sorption properties of organic pollutants in sediments.

Humic substrates are a major fraction of sediment organic matters, and the sorption of hydrophobic organic chemicals by humic substrates influences their behavior and fate in sediment. In this paper, organic matters were divided into non-humic substrates and humic substrates. Non-humic substrates include acid leaching fraction, acid extracted fraction, and lipid; humic substrates were fractionated into Ca-binding-FA (fulvic acid), Ca-binding-HA (humic acid), oxide-FA, oxide-HA, and humin. To study the effect of organic fractions on sorption properties, sorption kinetic and equilibrium sorption experiments of phenanthrene and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in five sediments were carried out. The results showed that the contents of acid leaching fraction and oxide-binding-HA were the main fractions to affect the sorption rate constant, and for the sorption capacity of phenanthrene, humin was the major fraction, followed by oxide-binding-HA, oxide-binding-FA, and so on. While for PCP, the factors of influence on sorption capacity were mainly CEC, Ca-binding-FA, and Ca-binding-HA.

[Effects of overlying water properties on sorption of organic pollutants in sediments].

By the method of orthogonal experiment, this paper studied the effects of overlying water temperature, pH, ionic strength, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the sorption of phenanthrene and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in sediments. The results showed that temperature was the main factor affecting the sorption behavior of phenanthrene, with the trend of partition coefficient (Kd) decreased with temperature. For PCP, its Kd was the smallest at 20 degrees C, and its sorption was decreased with pH. The DOC content of overlying water slightly decreased the Kd of phenanthrene and PCP, and ionic strength only increased the Kd of PCP slightly. The sorption capacity of organic pollutants in sediment was mainly determined by the properties of organic pollutants and sediments.

Estimation of apparent rate coefficients for phenanthrene and pentachlorophenol interacting with sediments.

To gain information on organic pollutants in water-sediment systems, a compartment model was applied to study the sorption course of phenanthrene and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in sediments. The model described the time-dependent interaction of phenanthrene and PCP with operationally defined reversible and irreversible (or slowly reversible) sediment fractions. The interactions between these fractions were described using first order differential equations. By fitting the models to the experimental data, apparent rate constants were obtained using numerical optimization software. The model optimizations showed that the amount of reversible phase increased rapidly in the first 10 d with the sorption time, then decreased after 10 d, while the amount of irreversible phase increased in the total sorption course. That suggested the mass transport between reversible phase and irreversible phase. The extraction efficiency with hot methanol ranged from 36% to 103% for phenanthrene and from 65% to 101% for PCP, with the trend of decreasing with sorption time.

Irreversible sorption of pentachlorophenol to sediments: experimental observations.

The partitioning behavior of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in five sediments was studied using equilibrium sorption experiments and multiple cycles of sorption and desorption experiments. The results of the equilibrium sorption experiments showed that the isotherms of PCP on five sediments were linear and the partitioning coefficients (Kd) were proportional to the organic carbon content of the sediments. The average organic carbon content normalized partitioning coefficient (logK oc) of five sediments was 2.83 +/- 1.48. In multiple cycles of sorption and desorption experiments, the five sediments were found to exhibit statistically significant sorption-desorption hysteresis, and the hysteresis indices (HI) varied over a wide range (0.72 - 11.82). Correlations between the HI value and the percentage of lipid in the total organic matter in the sediment indicated that lipid was the main fraction to affect the hysteresis phenomenon, i.e., the higher the lipid percentage the greater the HI value. The hysteresis phenomenon was mostly caused by irreversible sorption of PCP on lipids, including entrapment by lipids, which induced the slow desorption rate from the sediment. Because of hysteresis in the sorption and desorption, the PCP ecological toxicity would be lower than expected.

[Sorption characteristics of phenanthrene on sediments from Chinese southern rivers and lakes].

The sorption/desorption behavior of phenanthrene in five aquatic sediments from Chinese southern rivers and lakes were studied using multiple cycles of sorption/desorption experiments. The results showed that the sorption of phenanthrene on sediments was proportional to the content of organic carbon and that there were irreversible sorption processes. When the total sorption was separated into reversible and irreversible fractions, reversible sorption of phenanthrene on sediments could be better predicted by its partitioning between water and organic carbon phase. It was concluded that the sediment organic carbon could be the essential factor that controlling the environmental behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in aquatic sediment under study and the ecological risk should associated also with the irreversibility of the sorption processes.