ABSTRACT
Three new phenolic glycosides, scolochinenosides C-E ( 1- 3), and a new triterpenoid, scolopianate A ( 4), were isolated from the stems of SCOLOPIA CHINENSIS, along with 15 known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 3 contains a novel highly oxygenated lactone bridge ring attached at the aglycone. Six lanostane triterpenoids ( 10- 15) were discovered for the first time in a species other than GANODERMA LUCIDUM (Polyporaceae). In addition, the phenolic glycosides were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against snake venom phosphodiesterase I.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Glucosides/isolation & purification , Hydroquinones/isolation & purification , Phosphodiesterase I/antagonists & inhibitors , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Salicaceae/chemistry , Triterpenes/isolation & purification , Animals , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Glucosides/chemistry , Glucosides/pharmacology , Hydroquinones/chemistry , Hydroquinones/pharmacology , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Stems , Snakes , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Chemical investigation of the stems of Casearia velutina led to the isolation and structural elucidation of three new acylated glycosides, casearicosides A-C (1-3), together with 13 known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods. These isolates were evaluated for protective effects against H(2)O(2)-induced impairment in PC12 cells and inhibitory activity against snake venom phosphodiesterase I. A brief chemotaxonomy of the genus Casearia is also discussed.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Casearia/chemistry , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Acylation , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Casearia/classification , Glycosides/pharmacology , Hydrogen Peroxide , Molecular Structure , PC12 Cells , Phosphodiesterase I/antagonists & inhibitors , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Stems , Protective Agents/isolation & purification , Protective Agents/pharmacology , RatsABSTRACT
A new seco-friedelolactone, named itoaic acid, together with 5 known compounds was isolated from the bark and twigs of Itoa orientalis. The structure was elucidated by means of MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Anti-inflammatory activity against COX-2 was evaluated for several compounds from I. orientalis and another Flacourtiaceae plant Xylosma controversum.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Oleanolic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Salicaceae/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism , Molecular Structure , Oleanolic Acid/isolation & purification , Oleanolic Acid/pharmacology , Plant Bark , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant StemsABSTRACT
Investigations of two Flacourtiaceae plants, Bennettiodendron leprosipes and Flacourtia ramontchi, resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of six new constituents including two phenolic glycosides ( 1 and 2), one lignan ( 3), two lignan glycosides ( 4 and 5), and a monoterpene glycoside ( 6), together with 22 known compounds ( 7- 28). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. The selected isolates 1, 2, 8- 10, 22- 26, and some phenolic glycosides 29- 42 previously isolated from another Flacourtiaceae plant, Itoa orientalis, were tested against snake venom phosphodiesterase I (PDE I) activity. The result indicated that 22, 30, 32, 34, and 40 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against PDE I with the values ranging from 13.15 to 20.86 %, and 1, 8, 10, 25, 31, 33, 35, 38, 39, and 41 showed weak inhibitory activity.
Subject(s)
Salicaceae/chemistry , Antivenins/chemistry , Antivenins/isolation & purification , Glycosides/chemistry , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Lignans/chemistry , Lignans/isolation & purification , Monoterpenes/chemistry , Monoterpenes/isolation & purification , Phenols/chemistry , Phenols/isolation & purification , Phosphodiesterase I/antagonists & inhibitors , Snake Venoms/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
A new phenolic glycoside (1) was isolated from the stems of Hydnocarpus hainanensis, along with 11 known compounds. The structures of all compounds were deduced using 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic methods. The anti-oxidation activities of several compounds were also evaluated.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/analysis , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Phenols/isolation & purification , Salicaceae/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Glycosides/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Phenols/chemistry , Plant Stems/chemistryABSTRACT
Two new phenolic glycosides, itosides J (1) and K (2), two new cylcohexenoyl glycosides, itosides L (3) and M (4), a new flavone glycoside, itoside N (5), and echitin (6) were isolated from the extract of the bark, twigs, and leaves of Itoa orientalis, together with 22 known compounds. The structures were elucidated by means of UV, IR, MS, and NMR techniques, and the relative configuration of compound 3 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. NMR data for 6 are reported for the first time. Compounds 1, 3, 5, and phenolic glycosides 7- 22 were also assayed for anti-inflammatory activity against COX-2. Compounds 8, 10, 12- 14, 16, 19, 24, 26, and 27 showed significant inhibitory effects, with inhibitory rates of 49.7-85.3% at 10 microM.
