[Comparison of clinical features between sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and those associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1].

Objective: To compare the clinical features of multiple endocrine adenoma type 1 (MEN-1) associated pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) as well as sporadic pNENs. Methods: The clinical data of 28 sporadic pNENs patients and 10 MEN-1-related pNENs patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to June 2021 were collected. Meanwhile, by searching PubMed database and reviewing the clinical data of 20 foreign patients with MEN-1-related pNENs which were reported at the same time.Compare and analyze the similarities and differences between MEN1-associated pNENs and sporadic pNENs in clinical features, such as family history, blood tests, pathological diagnostic indicators, tumor grade, stage and metastasis, treatment and prognosis and so on. Results: A total of 58 pNENs patients were included, and there were 30 MEN1-related pNENs patients and 28 sporadic pNENs patients. Eighteen patients (60%) had a family history of MEN1-related pNENs, and the mean age of onset was (35.3±13.0)years. There were no patients (0) with family history of sporadic pNENs, and the mean age of onset was(55.3±13.4)years. In contrast, the differences in family history, age of onset and NSE were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Among the pathological diagnostic indicators, there were 19 patients (63.3%) with Grade G2 of MEN1-related pNENs, and 25 patients (83.3%) with somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2) negative. In sporadic pNENs, there were 16 patients (57.1%) with Grade G2 and 9 patients (32.1%) with SSTR2 negative. The differences in pathological grade, immunohistochemistry (Chromogranin A, CD56, and somatostatin receptor 2, SSTR2) between the two groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05). In terms of tumor staging and metastasis, 21 patients with MEN-1-related pNENs had metastasis (70%) and 20 patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ AJCC (71%) in all. Eight patients with sporadic pNENs had metastasis (26.7%) and 8 patients were with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ AJCC (28.6%). By contrast, the differences in total metastasis rate, AJCC stage and distant metastasis between the two groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05). In terms of treatment and prognosis, there was no statistical significance in the differences between surgical treatment and prognosis (P>0.05), and the difference was also not statistically significant in survival rate between them (P>0.05). Conclusions: There are no significant differences between MEN1-related pNENs and sporadic pNENs in terms of treatment, prognosis, and survival rate, but there are significant differences in clinical features, pathological features and the staging and grading of tumors. The rate of tumor grade, stage and metastasis of sporadic pNENs is higher.

Genetic analyses of the major and minor locus groups of bacterial wilt resistance in tobacco using a diallel cross design.

Tobacco germplasm samples with various levels of resistance to bacterial wilt were selected to construct F1 combinations of parental inbred lines and orthogonal diallel crosses using samples collected in 2009 (15 germplasms), 2010 (15 germplasms), and 2011 (16 germplasms). A total of 1/2P (P + 1) experimental materials were used for analysis. Based on the analyses of major and minor locus groups, genetic effects on the incidence rate and index of bacterial wilt in tobacco were investigated on the 15th and 25th day during the early stage. Significant effects were observed in major locus groups, but not in minor locus groups. Specifically, adjacent major locus groups (J1 = 13,056 and J1 = 13,055; J1 = 14,080 and J1 = 14,079) were detected in both the first and second analyses with considerable effects. Based on the additive effects of minor locus groups on the rate and index of bacterial wilt, the effects on the incidence rates of Yunyan 85, DB101, and RG11 as well as the effects on the disease index of the latter two germplasms reached the maximum. This was consistent with the disease resistance indicators of these tobacco varieties in the field (corresponding broad heritability >20%). Genetic homozygous dominant loci (+ +) increased the rate of bacterial wilt (susceptible), whereas homozygous recessive loci (- -) reduced the index of bacterial wilt (resistant) with considerable additive effects and low dominant effects, suggesting that the inheritance of the bacterial wilt rate and index in tobacco mainly relies on additive inheritance.

Gold-gold interactions as crystal engineering design elements in heterobimetallic coordination polymers.

A series of coordination polymers containing Cu(II) and [Au(CN)(2)](-) units has been prepared. Most of their structures incorporate attractive gold-gold interactions, thus illustrating that such "aurophilic" interactions can be powerful tools for increasing structural dimensionality in supramolecular systems. [Cu(tren)Au(CN)(2)][Au(CN)(2)] (1, tren = tris(2-ethylamino)amine) forms a cation/anion pair, which is weakly linked by hydrogen bonds but not by aurophilic interactions. [Cu(en)(2)Au(CN)(2)][Au(CN)(2)] (2-Au, en = ethylenediamine) is a 2-D system composed of a chain of [Au(CN)(2)](-) anions and another chain of [(en)(2)Cu-NCAuCN](+) cations; short Au-Au bonds of 3.1405(2) A connect the anions. This bond is shorter than that observed in the analogous silver(I) structure, 2-Ag. The average M-C bond lengths of 1.984(8) A in 2-Au are significantly shorter than those found in 2-Ag, suggesting that Au(I) is smaller than Ag(I). Cu(dien)[Au(CN)(2)](2) (3, dien = diethylenetriamine) forms a 1-D chain of tetranuclear [Au(CN)(2)](-) units that are bound to [Cu(dien)] centers. Aurophilic interactions of ca. 3.35 A hold the tetramer together. Cu(tmeda)[Au(CN)(2)](2) (4, tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) forms a 3-D network by virtue of aurophilic interactions of 3.3450(10) and 3.5378(8) A. Altering the Cu:Au stoichiometry yields Cu(tmeda)[Au(CN)(2)](1.5)(ClO(4))(0.5) (5), which has an unusual 2-D rhombohedral layer structure (space group R32). Complex 5 is composed of three mutually interpenetrating Cu[Au(CN)(2)](1.5) networks which are interconnected by aurophilic interactions of 3.4018(7) and 3.5949(8) A. Weak antiferromagnetic coupling is observed in 2 and 5.

[Studies on quality specification standards for Saposhnicovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk].

OBJECTIVE: To work out a qualitative-quantitative standard for Saposhnikovia divaricata. METHOD: TLC and HPLC were adopted. RESULT: Four chromone compounds were identified by TLC, and the contents of two chromone compounds were determined by HPLC. CONCLUSION: Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol and cimifugin should be present simultaneously in S. divaricata. The contents of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol in S. divaricata should not be lower than 0.12% respectively.

[Inhibitory effect of artemin on endotoxin-induced nitric oxide synthesis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Artemin on LPS-induced nitric oxide synthesis in macrophages. METHOD: 1. Nitrite oxide (NO) production of RAW 264.7 cells was induced by LPS or LPS in combination with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) in the presence or absence of Artemin. The amount of NO in the supernatant of RAW 264.7 cells was detected with Griess reagent. 2. Balb/c mice were injected with Artemin (i.m.) 50 mg.kg-1.d-1 x 3 d, and intraperitoneal macrophages were collected to detect the LPS-induced NO production. RESULT: LPS 1.0, 0.2 microgram.ml-1 or IFN-gamma 100u + LPS 1.0, 0.2, 0.04 microgram.ml-1 could induced a large amount of NO synthesis of RAW 264.7 cells. Artemin showed a significant inhibitory effect on LPS or IFN-gamma + LPS-induced NO production in a dose dependent manner. After treatment with Artemin, the response of Balb/c mice to LPS was reduced, which was showed by a decrease in NO production of intraperitoneal macrophages induced by LPS. CONCLUSION: Artemin could reduce LPS-induced production of inflammatory factors resulting in the inhibition of inflammatory effects.

[Poteintation of vincristine-induced apoptosis by tetrandrine, neferine and dauricine in the human mammary MCF-7 multidrug-resistant cells].

AIM: To investigate the poteintation of vincristine-induecd apoptosis by tetrandrine, neferine and dauricine isolated from Chinese medicinal plants in the human mammary MCF-7 multidrug resistant cells. METHODS: The apoptotic cells were detected by fluorescent staining of a combination of Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI), flow cytometry and agarose electrophoresis. RESULTS: The apoptotic cells induced by vincristine alone accounted for about 10% of all the cancer cells, while the percentage of apoptotic cells induced by a combination of vincristine with tetrandrine, neferine, or dauricine was found to be significantly higher than that by vincristine alone, and their reversal effects were positively correlated with the drug concentration and the exposure time. In addition, tetrandrine was shown to be the most potent in the reversal efficacy among the three compounds to be tested for apoptosis in vitro. CONCLUSION: Tetrandrine, neferine and dauricine showed obvious potenitiation of vincristine-induced apoptosis in the human mammary MCF-7 multidrug-resistant cells.

[A pharmacodynamic research on chromone glucosides of fangfeng].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacological activity of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol con tained in Fangfeng. METHODS: Analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory effects were assessed using the models of yeast-induced rat fever, acetic acidinduced peritoneal pain thermalpain, and dimethylbenzol-induced mouse ear edema. RESULTS: Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol could reduce the body temperature of rats in a model of yeast-induced fever. Both components could decrease the spasm action induced by peritoneal injection of acetic acid, increase the pain-threshold in a thermal-pain model, relieve the mouse ear edema caused by dimethybenzol and significantly inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation. CONCLUSION: Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol have significant analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation actions.

[Methodological studies on quantitative determination of beta-eudesmol in Atractylodes lancea (thunb.) DC].

OBJECTIVE: To establish methodologically a method for quantitative determination of beta-eudesmol in Atractylodes lancea. METHOD: GC, column: 3 mm x 2 m; stationary phase; 15% QF-1; support: Chromosorb WAW(60-80 mesh); detector: hydrogen flame ionization detector; injection chamber temperature: 210 degrees C; column temperature: 174 degrees C; carrier gas: N2:50 ml.min-1, air: 49 kPa, H2:58.8 kPa; sensibility range: 10(2) x 64; chart speed: 2.5 mm.min-1. RESULT: Average recovery ratio is 100.7% (n = 5). CONCLUSION: This method can be used to control the quality of A. lancea.

Synergistic anticancer effects of tetrandrine combined with doxorubicin or vincristine in vitro.

AIM: To study the interaction between tetrandrine (Tet) and doxorubicin (Dox) or vincristine (Vin) against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MCF-7/Dox or human nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines KB and KBV200 in vitro. METHODS: Anticancer activities of a drug alone and a drug combination of Tet and Dox or Vin were determined by tetrazolium (MTT) method. The interaction between Tet and Dox or Vin was evaluated by both a value of a sum of fractional inhibitory concentration (SFIC) and an isobologram method. RESULTS: The SFIC values of the three-different-ratio combinations between Tet and Dox ranged from 0.14 to 0.38 for MCF-7, and 0.10 to 0.29 for MCF-7/Dox; those of Tet-Vin combinations ranged from 0.21 to 0.37 for KB, and 0.32 to 0.63 for KBV200. All the SFIC values of the combination between Tet and Dox or Vin were less than 1.0 when the 3 ratios of the 2 drugs in combination were used, and the shapes of isobolic curves obtained from the combination were concave. CONCLUSION: The interaction between Tet and Dox or Vin against the human cancer cells was markedly synergistic.

[A comparative study on anti-ulcer action of unprepared and calcined oyster shell].

On experimental gastric ulcer models induced by 0.6mol/L HCl, ethyl alcohol or ligation of the pylorus, the preventive effects of unprepared oyster shell, calcined oyster shell 1(900 degrees C, 1h), calcined oyster shell 2(350 degrees C, 8h) were compared in Wistar rats. Results showed that antagonistic effects of calcined oyster shell 1 to the drug pathogenesis of peptic ulcer and the incidence of peptic ulcer after ligation of the pylorus were markedly greater.

[Pharmacological studies of nin jion pei pa koa].

The results showed that King To Nin Jiom Pei Pa Koa had significant cough relieving and sputum removing effects. It also had an evident effect on relieving asthma in vivo and in vitro. In four acute or sub-acute inflammatory models, the anti-inflammatory effect was marked.

[Effects of processing on special toxicity and pharmacodynamics in semen Armeniacae amarum].

The ethereal extract and decoction from raw Semen Armeniacae Amarum were found to induce EBV-EA activation in Raji cells cultured in vitro. Experiments show that both the extract and decoction have tumor-promoting activities, but the EBV-EA activation can be decreased by three kinds of processing-parching, scalding or parching after scalding, of which parching and parching after scalding are better. Moreover, parching after scalding is the best to enhance the relaxing of bowels, inactivate the amygdalase and increase the decoction rate of amygdalin.