The expression of VEGF and the regulation of clarithromycin on it in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polys / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the nasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polys patients, and explored the regulation of clarithromycin on VEGF.@*METHOD@#RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of VEGF in nasal mucosa from healthy control and CRSwNP. Nasal mucosal tissue explant culture measure and ELISA were used to explore the effect of clarithromycin on VEGF expression.@*RESULT@#(1) VEGF mRNA expression level was significantly increased in CRSwNP compared with control and showed a statistic difference (P < 0.01). (2) There was a significant decrease in CRSwNP group undergo clarithromycin treatment on protein expression level of VEGF and showed a statistic difference (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#VEGF were overexpressed in CRSwNP group, which presume that play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Clarithromycin may play a therapeutical role on chronic rhinosinusitis through down-regulated the expression of VEGF.

The expression of NOD1 and NOD2 and the regulation of glucocorticoids on them in allergic rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in the nasal mucosa of healthy individuals and allergic rhinitis(AR), and explored the regulation of glucocorticoids on them.@*METHOD@#RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in nasal mucosa from healthy control and AR. Nasal explant culture was used to explore the effect of glucocorticoids on NOD1 and NOD2 expression.@*RESULT@#NOD1 and NOD2 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in AR compared with control. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that NOD1 and NOD2 were mainly expressed by epithelial cells and some unknown cells in lamina propria and there were significantly more positive staining cells were observed in AR tissue when compared with control. Glucocorticoids down-regulated NOD1 and NOD2 expression in AR.@*CONCLUSION@#NOD1 and NOD2 as two PRRs may take part in the pathogenesis of AR, glucocorticoids may play a therapeutical role on allergic rhinitis through down-regulated the expression of NOD1 and NOD2.

Inhibitory Effects of Glucocorticoids on the Tenascin C Expression in Nasal Polyp / 华中科技大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the effect of glucocortieoids on tenasein C(TNC) expression in nasal polyp tissues and airway epithelia,and explore the possible mechanism of glucocorticoids inhibiting remodeling of nasal polyp tissue.Methods The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the protein levels of tenascin C and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in nasal polyp tissues from intranasal glucocorticoids (Budesonide,BUD) treated group and untreated group.The cell culture,real-time RT-PCR and in situ ELISA were employed to investigate the regulatory effects of budesonide on the TNC mRNA and protein expression in BEAS-2B immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells.Results The protein levels of TNC and TGF-β1 were decreased in nasal polyp tissues from intranasal BUD-treated group as compared with untreated group(P<0.01).There was a significantly positive correlation between TNC and TGF-β1 protein levels in nasal polyp tissues (r =0.68,P<0.01).After preincubation with BUD,TNC mRNA and protein expression induced by TGF-β1 in BEAS-2B cells was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Glucocorticoids might participate in the regulation of tissue remodeling in nasal polyp by inhibiting the TGF-β1 expression in nasal polyp tissue and suppressing the induction of TGF-β1 to up-regulatie the TNC expression in airway epithelia.

Draf's endonasal drainage for inflammatory frontal sinus disease / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To introduce endonasal drainage procedures to frontal sinus in inflammatory sinus disease and its indications, methods and efficacy.@*METHOD@#One hundred thirty two patients undergoing Draf I-III frontal sinus drainage procedures with 1-12 years follow-up were reviewed retrospectively.@*RESULT@#Forty two patients underwent type I frontal sinusotomy, 43 type II sinusotomy and 47 type III sinusotomy. A successful result was seen in these groups, 83.4%, 83.7%, and 89.4% respectively. Best effect was gained by type III sinusotomy. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the different Draf frontal sinus drainage procedures (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Endonasal microscopic-endoscopic frontal drainage treatment of refractory, polypoid and recurrent frontal sinusitis can yield successful results.

Expression of clara cell 10-KDa protein in murine bacterial chronic rhinosinusitis model / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of Clara cell 10-KDa protein (CC010) in sinonasal mucosa of murine bacterial chronic rhinosinusitis (BCRS) model.@*METHOD@#A murine BCRS model was established by Streptococcus pneumoniae inoculation plus Merocel ostiomeatal obstruction. After 12 week's intervention, histological changes of sinonasal mucosa in BCRS model were examined by hematoxylin and eosin stain, periodic acid-schiff stain, and Masson-Trichrome stain. The mRNA and protein expression of CC10 in sinonasal mucosa were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry methods. The number of CC10 positive cells in sinonasal epithelium was also counted.@*RESULT@#In BCRS model group, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), subepithelial collagen deposition, goblet cells, and epithelial thickness were significantly increased, compared with control group (P<0.01). However, CC10 positive cells, CC10 mRNA and protein expression in sinonasal mucosa of BCRS model group were significantly decreased, compared with control group (P<0.01). Moreover, the number of CC10 positive cells was significantly negatively correlated with PMN (r=-0.734, P<0.01), subepithelial collagen deposition (r=-0.776, P<0.01), epithelial goblet cells (r=-0.841, P<0.01), and epithelial thickness (r=-0.805, P<0.01), respectively. CC10 average grayscale value was significantly positively correlated with PMN (r=0.771, P<0.01), subepithelial collagen deposition (r=0.802, P<0.01), epithelial goblet cells (r=0.887, P<0.01), and epithelial thickness (r=0.855, P<0.01), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of CC10 is downregulated in sinonasal mucosa in BCRS model. As an important endogenous modulin, CC10 might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis.

The investigation of efficacy and safety of Aerius to seasonal allergic rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aerius to seasonal allergic rhinitis.@*METHOD@#Using randomized, controlled method, treatment group 40 cases, oral administration Aerius 5 mg/d for 12 days; control group 35 cases, oral administration Aerius 5 mg/d for 12 days, investigating their efficacy and safety.@*RESULT@#The total effective rate of treatment group was 92.50%, while control group was 85.71%, there was significant difference between them (P<0.05). Significant improvements of seasonal allergic rhinitis nasal obstruction were seen in treatment group after using Aerius (P<0.05). The incidence of side effect of treatment group was 2.50%.@*CONCLUSION@#Aerius is safe and can effectively reduction in nasal and nonnasal symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

The difference in some clinical and pathological characteristics between chronic sinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the difference in some subjective symptoms, objective examination results, and pathological characteristics between chronic sinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP).@*METHOD@#Prospective data of 42 CRSsNP patients and 33 CRSwNP patients scheduled for surgery were collected and analyzed retrospectively. A visual analog scale (VAS) symptom score was completed. The preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were graded according to Lund and Mackay. The preoperative nasal endoscopy was graded by assigning an endoscopy score according to Lanza and Kennedy. Blood was drawn to determine the number of peripheral eosinophils (EOS) by means of automated analysis. Surgical specimen was examined pathologically for the number of EOS per high-powered field. Interleukin (IL)-5 was determined by means of quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.@*RESULT@#(1) As to the single VAS symptom score relating to overall symptom severity and the VAS score based on the sum of five sinonasal symptoms, there was no difference between CRSsNP and CRSwNP patients (P > 0.05). However, compared with CRSwNP patients, CRSsNP patients had higher VAS score of nasal discharge (P < 0.05) and lower score of hyposmia (P < 0.01); (2) Compared with CRSsNP patients, CRSwNP patients had higher CT and endoscopy scores, peripheral and mucosal EOS counts, and mucosal IL-5 level (P < 0.05); (3) The preoperative CT and endoscopy scores were positively correlated with peripheral and mucosal EOS counts and mucosal IL-5 level (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#There is no significant difference in overall symptom between CRSsNP and CRSwNP patients. However, CRSwNP patients have more severe inflammation in nasal and sinus cavity, which is related to eosinophilic inflammation in local mucosa.

Expression of tenascin and fibronectin in nasal polyps / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To explore the role of tenascin (TN) and fibronectin (FN) in the pathophysiology of nasal polyps (NP), the expression of TN and FN in NP from 34 patients and inferior turbinates from 20 patients with deviation of nasal septum was immunohistochemically studied. In patients with NP, the relations between expression and histopathological features, eosinophils (EOS) infiltration, clinical staging and the size of NP were analyzed. Our study showed that the gray score of TN and FN expression was 163.10 +/- 10.54 and 163.24 +/- 11.52 in NP respectively, whereas it was 175.49 +/- 9.29 and 173.93 +/- 7.92 in inferior turbinates respectively. The difference between two groups was significant (P < 0.01). The expression of TN and FN in endematous type was significantly stronger than that in cystic and glandular type and fibrous type (P < 0.05). The association between FN expression and EOS infiltration was significant (r = -0.60, P < 0.01). The expression of TN and FN did not correlate with clinical staging and size (P > 0.05). It was suggested that abnormal ECM might contribute to proliferation of epithelia, accumulation of EOS and edema formation, thereby causing development of NP.