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Purpose To investigate the correlation of the expression of Cyclin D1 and BRAF ( V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma ( PTC) and their clinical significance, and to analyze their role in the pathogenesis of PTC. Methods The expression of CK34βE12 and MC protein was detected by immunohistochemical EnVision method in 52 cases of PTC and 52 cases of thyroid benign lesions (25 cases of nodular goiters, 15 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 12 cases of follicular adenoma), and the mutation status of BRAF gene protein in above specimens were detected by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. Expression of Cyclin D1 and BRAF (V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their correlation clinicopathologic features were also analyzed. Results The positive rate of Cyclin D1 in 88 cases of PTC was 84. 6%,and the immunoreactivity score (4. 6 ± 2. 4), compared with thyroid be-nign lesions (1. 3 ± 1. 6), was statistically significant difference (t=8. 525, P<0. 01). Expression of Cyclin D1 was closely related with lymph node metastasis, capsular invasion, tumor stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ and BRAF (V600E) mutation (P<0. 05), but not related with age, gender, number and diameter of tumor nodules. In 52 cases of PTC BRAF gene mutation rate was 63. 5%, but in thyroid benign lesions mutation rate was 0, with significant difference (P<0. 01). The BRAF mutation is closely related with lymph node metastasis, capsular invasion and tumor stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ(P<0. 05), but not related with age, gender, number and diameter of tumor nodules. The expression of Cyclin D1 in BRAF (V600E) mutation group was stronger, the positive expression rate was significantly higher than that of wild group (100% vs 57. 9%), and expression of the mean score was higher than that of the wild group (5. 7 ± 1. 6 vs 4. 0 ± 2. 5);the comparison between the two groups showed statistical difference (t=2. 652, P<0. 05). Conclusions The expression of Cyclin D1 and BRAF (V600E) mutation are positively related, which are also closely related with the occurrence and development of PTC, and can be used as an index to predict the invasion and metastasis in PTC.
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INTRODUCTION: Hemophagocytic syndrome is a rare clinicopathological condition characterized by the activation of the mononuclear phagocyte system, resulting in hemophagocytosis in the reticuloendothelial systems. The pathogenesis of HPS remains unclear. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 20-year-old soldier suffering from HPS. Because of long history fever and no reasons being found, his left groin lymph node and left neck lymph node biopsy were done with two weeks interval. We found a marked increase in plasma cells in left neck lymph node during the course of the disease. CONCLUSION: Our result provides a new thought for the researchers to understand the mechanisms responsible for the phagocytosis in HPS.
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[Objective]To study the indication and methods of bone grafts used in tibial plateau fracture and compare the character of allograft with autograft.[Method]A retrospective study was done in 105 cases of hospitalized from Jan.2000 to Aug.2004.Seventy-four cases accepted bone graft.These 74 cases were divided into two groups.Patienets in group A accepted autograft (n=40),the patients were 19 to 75 years old,with a mean age of 45.3 years.Among them,there were Schatzker type Ⅱ in 13 cases,type Ⅲ 13 cases,type Ⅳ 5 cases,type Ⅴ 4cases,type Ⅵ 5 cases.Patients in group B accepted allograft(n=34),the patients were 21 to 74 years old,with a mean age of 43.6 years,including Schatzker type Ⅱ in 12 cases,type Ⅲ 11 cases,type PC 3 cases,type Ⅴ 4 cases,type Ⅵ 4 cases,We have straight longitudinal and parapatellar incision,fixed with semiscrewed、L-plate、T-plate.According to the Schatzker classification,we use corresponding methods in bone graft.The two groups with operation time,complication,bone healing period,height lost were compared during the 6～12 months.we use Lysholm evaluation system.[Result]Among all 105 cases,there are 74 cases accepted bone grafted.The patients were followed up 6 months to 4 years,with an average of 27.6 months.Compared with group B,group A has a short operation time,more blood loss,a shorter healing time of suture.There was no significant difference in bone healing period,height loss during the 6～12 months and Lysholm evaluating.Complication of group A was mainly in donor site,11 cases have pain in donor site,1 case has a fracture of ilium.In group B,complication were mainly in recept site,8 cases have wound effusion,3 cases have delayed wound healing.[Conclusion]Bone graft is one of the most important step in treating tibial plateau fracture,mastering its application and methods is crucial to the prognosis.Allograft and autograft have their own characters,allograft is an advertising method.
