ABSTRACT
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is an occlusive vascular disease traditionally known to be almost exclusive to young male smokers. The disease was considered to be extremely rare in women, seen only as isolated, novel case reports in the literature. In the past decade, however, a dramatic increase in the incidence of female TAO has been observed. In this paper the authors report 7 cases of clinically and angiographically verified female TAO. The world literature in regard to the diagnostic criteria, changing incidence, and etiology is reviewed. They conclude that the increased use of tobacco among young women in the past two to three decades is responsible for this dramatic change.
Subject(s)
Thromboangiitis Obliterans , Adult , Female , Humans , Sex Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/diagnosis , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/etiology , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/pathologyABSTRACT
Hydatid disease, though known to occur in most organs and areas of the body, is extremely rare in skeletal muscle. In this article the authors present a case of a primary muscular hydatid cyst, originating from the adductor muscle group, causing obstruction of the femoral artery and vein.
Subject(s)
Arterial Occlusive Diseases/etiology , Echinococcosis/complications , Femoral Artery , Femoral Vein , Muscular Diseases/complications , Venous Insufficiency/etiology , Echinococcosis/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Muscular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The internal mammary artery (IMA) is now used routinely along with saphenous vein for myocardial revascularization procedures. We have documented a particular form of non-perforating injury which may reduce blood flow during operation or may lead to early closure of the IMA bypass graft. Traction injury to the intima is well documented in other vessles but has not been previously reported in the IMA. We present a potentially disastrous example of traction injury to the IMA.
