Isolated cysticercosis involving the anterior abdominal wall: a rare case report.

Isolated cysticercosis of anterior abdominal wall without parasitosis of central nervous system is very rare and may mimic a tumor leading to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Histopathological examination plays an important role in making a definitive diagnosis. Here we report a case of a 13-year old Muslim girl presenting with swelling and pain in left lower abdomen which was clinically diagnosed as lipoma. On histopathological examination cysticercus with surrounding inflammation was seen. Since cysticercosis is a preventable disease, early and accurate diagnosis is necessary for the reduction of disease burden in the endemic areas.

Endometrial osseous metaplasia-a rare presentation of polymenorrhagia: a case report.

Endometrial ossification is a rare entity in which bones are found in the uterus. Exact aetiopathogenesis is not known but the most accepted theory is metaplasia of stromal cells into osteoblast cells result in the formation of bones. The possibility of malignant mixed mullerian tumour should be in the mind of clinician and pathologist while making diagnosis. We hereby report an extremely rare case, which is among very few reported cases in the world, in which endometrial ossification presented in a perimenopausal female with polymenorrhagia. A 41-year-old multiparous patient presented with irregular bleeding per vaginum for the past two years. She was found to be a case of endometrial calcification with osseous metaplasia with presence of bones varying from 7mm - 1.5 cms size in the uterine cavity. She was successfully managed by total abdominal hysterectomy.

Accelerated Phase of Chediak-Higashi Syndrome at Initial Presentation: A Case Report of an Uncommon Occurrence in a Rare Disorder.

Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is an uncommon and fatal congenital disorder. The characteristic features of CHS are partial oculocutaneous albinism, increased vulnerability to infections, presence of abnormal large granules in leukocytes and an accelerated lymphohistiocytic phase. Accelerated phase at initial presentation is rarely seen as it is usually preceded by repeated episodes of infections. Hence this interesting case of a four-month-old Indian child born to consanguineous parents in accelerated phase at initial presentation is described. The boy presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and cleft lip. Clinical diagnosis was leukemia or a lysosomal storage disorder. Cytopaenias, lymphohistiocytic infiltration in bone marrow, and the characteristic large granules in leucocytes helped in the diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of bone marrow in diagnosis of unusual presentation of this rare disorder.

Cylindroma of the breast: a rare case report.

Cylindroma is a benign adnexal tumor, which occurs as solitary dermal nodules on the scalp and forehead. Cylindroma of the breast is a rare lesion. Fine-needle aspiration is often the first line of investigation. In this communication, we illustrate the cytomorphological feature of cylindroma in a 61-year-old female patient who presented with a breast lump. Fine-needle aspiration cytology in this case reveals the islands of tumor cells formed a "jig-saw" pattern, along with the bland, basaloid cells associated with globular, extracellular material. These features are typical of cylindroma, but differential diagnosis of adenoidcystic carcinoma should always be kept in mind as the management of both tumors are different.

Squamous predominant teratoid Wilms' tumor.

Teratoid Wilms tumor is an unusual histological variant of nephroblastoma with predominant heterologous component. Frequently present components include adipose tissue, glial tissue, muscle, cartilage or bone. The presence of squamous epithelial component on the other hand is rarely reported. We describe a case of unilateral teratoid Wilms' tumor in a 2-year-old boy with lung metastasis. In this case, tumor showed the familiar triphasic histologic pattern of nephroblastoma along with extensive squamous epithelial component.

Rapunzel Syndrome Causing Appendicitis in an 8-year-old Girl.

Rapunzel syndrome is a rare type of presentation of trichobezoar, an extension of hair fibers into the small bowel and rarely beyond the ileocecal valve. Its clinical presentation is deceptive ranging from abdominal mass to symptoms of obstruction. We report a 8-year-old girl admitted with a history of abdominal pain and vomiting off and on for a period of 1 year. Ultrasound findings were suggestive of subacute intestinal obstruction. On laparotomy, trichobezoar was found in the stomach extending into small bowel and was removed. Appendix was inflammed hence it was also resected. Microscopic evidence of a hair shaft was seen in the appendix indicating appendicitis was due to luminal obstruction by hair concretions.

Cytological diagnosis of parasites presenting as superficial nodular swelling: report of 35 cases.

Parasitic infestation often present with superficial nodular swelling. Fine needle aspiration cytology plays an important role in prompt diagnosis of the disease. To study the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of parasites presenting as skin or subcutaneous nodules. Total 361 cases of superficial swellings at various sites were subjected to fine needle aspiration cytology. Out of the 361 cases, 35 cases were diagnosed as suggestive of parasitic infestation. These 35 cases form the study group. In 14 cases out of 35 cases, a definitive diagnosis of parasitic infestation was made as parasite or fragments of parasite were seen in the aspirate. In 21 cases, neither parasite nor fragments could be identified on the aspirates and a diagnosis of parasitic inflammation was suggested on the basis of other cytomorphological findings. In 17 of these cases, a biopsy correlation was available, which revealed definitive parasite in 8 cases and the remaining 9 were reported as suggestive of parasitic cyst. The cytological diagnosis was confirmatory in cases where the parasite fragment were identified in the smears. However, in other cases, clear aspirate, presence of eosinophils, macrophages and typical granular dirty background are the features which should prompt the cytologist to the possibility of parasitic infestation.

Filariasis in an infant with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare enigma.

Filariasis, a tropical parasitic infection, is a common public health problem in the Indian sub-continent. Occurrence of filariasis with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is unusual, particularly in infants, since filariasis has a long incubation period of about 1 year. Though, there are case reports of leishmaniasis, malaria and other vector borne diseases seen in association with leukemias, filariasis co-existing with ALL has not been documented to the best of our knowledge. We report an incidental finding of Bancroftian filariasis in an 11 month old female already diagnosed as B-cell ALL.