Pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip.

We present a rare case of pleomorphic adenoma in the upper lip region, with erosion of the maxillary bone and distortion of the facial appearance. A 20-year-old man presented with a painless mass on his upper lip, which had gradually increased in size over a period of 2 years. Computed tomography demonstrated a 30 mm × 28 mm enhancing mass in the upper lip region with no invasion to the surrounding tissues. Erosion of the maxillary bone posterior to this lesion was noted. The lesion was excised completely with a wedge of mucosa overlying the tumoral mass, accompanied with abdominal fat grafting to prevent labial asymmetry. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a minor salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma in the upper lip. The pathology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of intraoral pleomorphic adenomas are reviewed.

Can Oblique Sliced Method Avoid Warping?

Warping is the most important problem of costal cartilage grafts used in secondary rhinoplasties. The aim of this study is to show that costal cartilage grafts prepared with oblique sliced method (OSM), can solve the warping problem and provides successful results in both functional and aesthetic appearance. There are 42 patients who had previous nose surgery and dissatisfied with their facial appearance included in the study to perform secondary rhinoplasty with costal cartilage graft OSM technique. The outcomes of the operations were performed objectively using facial measurements and subjectively using rhinoplasty outcomes evaluation (ROE) scale, before and 12 months after the operation. The mean of total ROE score was 8.171 ±â€Š3.285 on the pre-operative period and it was increased to 19.11 ±â€Š3.652 where the P value was found to be <0.0001. And the post-operative 12th month period all values of nasal dorsal angulation was lower then 1° and the mean of angulation degrees was 0.224° with the minimum value 0.000° and maximum value 0.801°. The study revealed the outcome of rhinoplasty which done by OSM was statically significant both subjective patient's satisfaction and objective facial measurements. The authors suggest using of OSM in secondary rhinoplasties because the graft can be easily prepared with the desired thickness and carved into different shape without risk of warping.

Extrusion of Alloplastic Septal Silicone Implant: 25 Years After Rhinoplasty.

Multiple techniques and a variety of materials used for grafting have been described and applied over the years. Silicone implants are one of the most widely used alloplastic materials in Asian rhinoplasty, however, there are several complications. The authors report a case of an Asian woman who presented with implant rejection after 25 years later as a late complication of rhinoplasty. The patient was underwent revision augmentation rhinoplasty and stayed uneventful for 6 months as she was satisfied with aesthetic results and nasal airflow. The silicone implants are still going to be the most popular grafts in Asian augmentation rhinoplasty even so the long term complications must be kept in mind.

Does intratympanic xylitol administration have ototoxic effects in a mouse ear model?

OBJECTIVE: To research the ototoxicity of xylitol after intratympanic injection in mice ear model. METHODS: 24 female mice Balb/c mice (48 ears) included in the study. The mice were divided into 4 groups as 6 mice were found (12 ears) in each group. Solutions of 0.9% NaCl solution (Group A), 155 mg/ml (Group B), 310 mg/ml (Group C) and 620 mg/ml (Group D) xylitol, were applied into the middle ear cavity. Microscopic ear examination and auditory brainstem response test were done for each mouse before application of xylitol and on the 1st, 3rd and 10th day of injection. RESULTS: There are some statistically significant alterations found in the threshold values at 8000, 12000, 16000, 24000 Hz frequencies when each group were compared in itself on day 0, 1,3 and 10, which were independent from the increasing dosage. CONCLUSION: According to our findings intratympanic xylitol injection does not have any ototoxic effect in the inner ear. To evaluate the effects of xylitol more clinical studies are need to carried out.

The role of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps: Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Our study group consisted of 24 patients-21 men and 3 women, aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97 ± 11.60)-with nasal polyposis who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 patients-6 men and 5 women, aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90 ± 14.22)-without nasal polyps who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, subepithelial layer of the lamina propria, and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as patients' ages and the duration of polyps increased. We conclude that the most important role that MMP-2 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and edema in the extracellular matrix. An increase in MMP-2 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in fibrosis of the polyps. An increase of MMP-9 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

A rapidly growing neck mass in childhood: Castleman's disease concomitant with cavernous lymphangioma in the posterior cervical region.

In this article, we present a 12-year-old girl case with a painless mass in the left posterior region of the neck for two weeks. Two masses were detected during surgery. Histopathologic examination revealed the hyaline vascular type of Castleman's disease for the bigger mass and cavernous lymphangioma for the smaller mass. In the light of literature data, our case was the third childhood cervical posterior triangle Castleman's disease and was the first case reported due to its concomitance with cavernous lymphangioma.

Uncinate process in the repair of nasoseptal perforation.

Septal perforation is an anatomical defect of the nasal septum. Prior septal surgery is the most common reason of this defect. Because repair of a nasoseptal perforation is a challenging surgical procedure, many techniques have been discussed for decades. This article considers the first case of nasoseptal perforation repair using the overmedialized uncinate process. The main aim of this study is to report on the usability and efficiency of regional autogenous grafts in the repair of nasoseptal perforations.