Methyl N-phenyl carbamate synthesis from aniline and methyl formate: carbon recycling to chemical products.

Methyl N-phenyl carbamate was synthesized from aniline by using methyl formate as a green and efficient carbonylating agent. High yields were obtained at milder reaction conditions compared to the conventional CO/CH3 OH route. Studies on the reaction sequence led to suggest an alternative and more efficient route to the carbamate via formanilide as intermediate.

Hydrogen substitutes for the in situ generation of H2O2: an application in the Fenton reaction.

This study investigates the ability of formic acid, hydrazine and hydroxylamine to act as H(2) substitutes in conducting phenol degradation by Fenton reaction using in situ generated hydrogen peroxide. The processes were performed with semi-heterogeneous (Pd/Al(2)O(3)+soluble Fe(2+)) and fully heterogeneous (FePd/Al(2)O(3)) catalytic systems under ambient conditions. In contrast to bulk H(2)O(2) production conditions, hydrazine is able to produce H(2)O(2)in situ followed by phenol degradation using Pd/Al(2)O(3)+Fe(2+) at pH 3 without the need for halide ions. However, a degree of mineralization exceeding 37% could not be achieved. The significant production of in situ H(2)O(2) at the inherent acidic pH of hydroxylammonium sulfate in the presence of Pd/Al(2)O(3)+Fe(2+) was also found to differ from the bulk production of H(2)O(2), in which no H(2)O(2) was detected. A remarkable degree of mineralization (ca. 65%) as well as fast phenol degradation during the reaction started at pH 7 over FePd/Al(2)O(3) may be an advantage of using hydroxylamine. On the other hand, using formic acid, H(2)O(2) was produced at a moderate rate, thereby achieving higher efficiency in the mineralization of phenol. Most importantly, the catalysts were more stable in the presence of formic acid than hydrazine or hydroxylamine.

Simultaneous in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide and Fenton reaction over Pd-Fe catalysts.

High mineralization degree of organic compounds can be achieved by a novel environmentally-friendly full heterogeneous Pd-Fe catalytic system, which involves in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide from formic acid and oxygen, and oxidation of organic compounds by Fenton process in a one-pot reaction.

Direct generation of hydrogen peroxide from formic acid and O2 using heterogeneous Pd/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts.

Hydrogen peroxide formation is achieved with remarkable productivity at ambient conditions (25 degrees C and atmospheric pressure) in aqueous medium using a heterogeneous catalytic system; formic acid is decomposed in the presence of a continuous flow of O(2) over Pd/gamma-Al(2)O(3) catalyst leading to the generation of hydrogen peroxide; the addition of a negligible amount of bromide ion improves the selectivity of the reaction.