Effects of Amygdaline from Apricot Kernel on Transplanted Tumors in Mice.

The effects of amygdaline from apricot kernel added to fodder on the growth of transplanted LYO-1 and Ehrlich carcinoma were studied in mice. Apricot kernels inhibited the growth of both tumors. Apricot kernels, raw and after thermal processing, given 2 days before transplantation produced a pronounced antitumor effect. Heat-processed apricot kernels given in 3 days after transplantation modified the tumor growth and prolonged animal lifespan. Thermal treatment did not considerably reduce the antitumor effect of apricot kernels. It was hypothesized that the antitumor effect of amygdaline on Ehrlich carcinoma and LYO-1 lymphosarcoma was associated with the presence of bacterial genome in the tumor.

Blood DNA radiosentivity as a predictive bindex of radiochemical treatment efficacy in cervical cancer patients.

Study of cervical cancer patients with I-III stage was performed with biomarker determination of the blood DNA radiosensitivity ex vivo. The biochemical index was measured before treatment start during 4 hours by use fluorescent dye. The relationship between changes of these index levels and volume tumor reductions after radiochemical treatment evidenced that blood DNA radiosensitivity was enabled to predict an outcome of the cervical cancer patient treatment earlier than the assessment of therapy efficacy by help of ultrasound measurements.

Effects of iron ions and iron chelation on the efficiency of experimental radiotherapy of animals with gliomas.

We evaluated the effect of iron ion chelation on the growth of gliomas and radiotherapy efficiency in tumor-bearing animals. The rats with transplanted glioma-35 received iron-containing water; desferroxamine was injected for metal chelation. Long-term treatment with iron-containing water promoted glioma growth in rats and improved the efficiency of radiotherapy due to combination of apoptosis and ferroptosis. Desferroxamine reduced the efficiency of this treatment and was inessential for the efficiency of radiotherapy alone.

[Blood DNA Radiosensitivity May Be Predictive Marker for Efficacy of Radiation Therapy in Glioma Tumorbearing Individuals].

Animal and clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the association between the blood DNA radiosensitivity, assessed by determining the original S-index ex vivo, and the response of gliomas to irradiation in vivo. Possible modifications of the latter after administration of iron-containing water (ICW) in rats were also explored. The study was performed on the rats with subcutaneously implanted experimental glioma-35. The tumors were locally X-irradiated with a single 15 Gy dose as a radiation therapy (RT). ICW (60-63 mg · Fe 2+/l) was administered as a drinking water for 3 days before treatment. The animals underwent blood sampling for analysis of the DNA concentration and leukocyte count. The DNA index was estimated 24 h after RT. The S-index was evaluated within 4 h before RT. The mean initial S-index in the blood samples of glioma-bearing rats was 0.73 ± 0.05. Addition of ICW ex vivo resulted in a significantly increased S-index in a half of the samples. In general, the irradiated rats, which had been given pretreatment with ICW and demonstrated an ex vivo increase of the S-index to > 1.0, showed the most marked inhibition of tumor progression and the smallest tumor volume 25 days after irradiation. They also exhibited the lowest rate of growth and the longest survival. Determination of the biochemical S-index and evaluation of its changes ex vivo caused by ICW may be predictive of the response of experimental glioma to irradiation with radiomodification. The S-index may serve as a predictive indicator in clinic of the efficient evaluation of RT in patients with glioma.

Hematological and toxicogenomic effects of ferromagnetic screening of natural electromagnetic fields.

Aftereffects of ferromagnetic screening on the hematological and toxicogenomic parameters in rats were traced over 45 days. Two-day ferromagnetic screening of male and female rats (reducing permanent constituent of magnetic field induction by 4-10 µT) led to leukopenia observed on day 14 of the experiment. Life-time evaluation of the toxicogenomic effects was carried out by rapid method for measurement of blood nucleotide DNA by fluorescent indication. In male blood leukocytes, increased aneuploidy and polyploidy were observed after 48 h of ferromagnetic screening and remained high on days 12 and 28 after screen removal. In contrast to males, leukocyte apoptosis in females was increased only 48 h after the start of ferromagnetic screening.

Radiobiological effects of olipifat during radiation exposure.

Preventive injections of olipifat to rats (intramuscularly in a single dose of 250 mg/kg 24 h before gamma-exposure in a dose of 7.6 Gy) decrease animal mortality from 70 to 50%, the mean life span of dead rats remained unchanged. Injection of olipifat before exposure in a dose of 5.2 Gy did not change animal mortality in comparison with irradiated controls, but stimulated postradiation recovery of leukocyte count (mainly the granulocytic component and less so the increase in lymphocyte count). No appreciable effects of olipifat on the postradiation changes in individual fractions of blood leukocytes were observed in animals exposed in a dose of 7.6 Gy.

Leukopenia prognosis by radiation therapy of patients with Hodgkin's disease.

The investigation goal of the present study is the possible utilization of early postradiation peripheral blood DNA content changes during radiotherapy (RT) of cancer patients for prognostic purposes related to the subsequent ascertaiment of leukopenia values. Twenty-three primary patients with II-III stage Hodgkin's disease were treated at the linear accelerator of 15 Mev electrons by usual fractionation to a total dose of 40 Gy. The blood DNA content was fluorometrically determined by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole before treatment, 24 hrs after the first irradiated dose, in the middle and at the end of RT course. Retrospective analysis of obtained data demonstrated that the first patients' group with blood leukocyte level above 3 x 10(9) cells/l at the end of RT, revealed an average blood DNA concentration decrease only after half of the treatment course. The second group of patients, complaining at the end of RT severe leukopenia, showed a two-fold decrease of the DNA concentration after the first irradiation in 62% of cases. The biochemical changes were not accompanied by a proportional decrease of the leukocytes number. The early decrease of DNA content drop, at the middle and the end of RT course, was conditioned both by lymphocytes and granulocytes. These changes were not practically interfaced with plasma changes. Thus, given biochemical criteria may be used as a sensitive index for the prognosis of leukopenia values after the RT beginning. As confirmed by test-irradiation in vitro of blood specimens of primary patients with Hodgkin's disease. There was a significant correlation between the new index and the level of leukopenia during post-treatment course.

Leukopenia prognosis during radiation therapy in patients with Hodgkin's disease.

The investigation goal of the present report is to use the early post-radiation peripheral blood DNA content changes during radiotherapy (RT) of cancer patients for the prognosis of the subsequent leukopenia value. Twenty-three primary patients with II-III stage Hodgkin's disease were treated at the linear accelerator of 15 Mev electrons by usual fractionation to total 40 Gy dose. The blood DNA content was fluorometrically determined by 4', 6-diamidino-2phenylindole before treatment, then 24 hrs after the 1st irradiation dose, in the middle and at the end of RT course. Retrospective analysis of obtained data demonstrated, that the first group of patients, having blood leukocyte levels above 3 x 10(9)/l at the end of RT, revealed an average blood DNA concentration decrease only after the middle of treatment course. The second group of patients, having at the end of RT severe leukopenia, showed an approximately twofold decrease of the DNA concentration after the first irradiation in 62% of cases. The biochemical change was not accompanied by a proportional decrease of the leukocytes amount. The DNA content fall, at the middle and at the end of RT course, was conditioned both by lymphocytes and granulocytes. These changes were not practically interfaced with plasma changes. Thus, a given biochemical criterium may be used as a sensitive index for the prognosis of leukopenia values after the RT beginning. Such a conclusion was confirmed by in vitro test-irradiation of blood specimens of primary patients with Hodgkin's disease. A significant correlation was found between the new index and the level of leukopenia of the patient's blood during post-treatment course.