ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the factors of the effectiveness of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in late adolescents and adults, such as age, midpalatal suture maturation (MPSM) stage, palate length (PL), palatal index (PI), and midpalatal bone thickness (MBT), and at each microimplant position, the palate bone thickness (PBT), the nasal cortical bone thickness (CoTN), the cancellous bone thickness (CaT), and the palate cortical bone thickness (CoTP) were evaluated. METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 50 patients (mean, 23.30 ± 7.03 years; range, 16-51 years) treated with MARPE were evaluated. Maxillary expansion ratio (MER) was used to assess the MARPE effectiveness and grouped patients into low and high MER groups according to the mean of MER. MER was the ratio of maxillary expansion width to MARPE screw expansion measured in CBCT images. The t-test was used to analyze the differences between the low and high MER groups. The Pearson correlation test was performed to investigate the correlation between MER and age, MPSM stage, PL, PI, MBT, PBT, CoTN, CaT, and CoTP. RESULTS: Age, MPSM stage, and MBT in regions 18 mm and 21 mm behind the incisor foramen correlated negatively with MER ([Formula: see text], - 0.390, - 0.386, and - 0.335, respectively, all [Formula: see text]), whereas PBT and CoTN of anterior microimplant positions correlated positively with MER ([Formula: see text] and 0.418, respectively, all [Formula: see text]). No correlation was observed between other variables and MER. CONCLUSIONS: MARPE effectiveness decreased as age and midpalatal suture maturation stage increased, respectively. Thinner midpalatal suture bone in regions 18 mm and 21 mm behind the incisor foramen, thicker palate bone, and nasal cortical bone of anterior microimplant positions were related to more effective MARPE. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In patients with older chronological age and later MPSM stages, MARPE effectiveness might be unsatisfactory. Clinicians should carefully evaluate the palate bone thickness before MARPE treatment.
Subject(s)
Maxilla , Palatal Expansion Technique , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Nose , PalateABSTRACT
This study aimed to compare the sella turcica dimensions and sella turcica bridging (STB) via cone-beam computed tomography in different vertical patterns and then analyze the link between the sella turcica and vertical growth patterns. The CBCT images of 120 skeletal Class I subjects (an equal proportion of females and males; mean age of 21.46 years) were divided into three vertical growth skeletal groups. Student's t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to assess the possible diversity in genders. The link between sella turcica dimensions and different vertical patterns was explored by one-way analysis of variance, as well as Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. The prevalence of STB was compared using the chi-square test. Sella turcica shapes were not linked to gender, but statistical differences were observed among different vertical patterns. In the low-angle group, a larger posterior clinoid distance and smaller posterior clinoid height, tuberculum sellae height, and dorsum sellae height were determined, and the incidence of STB was higher (p < 0.01). Sella turcica shapes were linked to vertical growth patterns, mainly involving the posterior clinoid process and STB, which could be used as an index to assess vertical growth trends.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To find out the vitamin A intake in middle-aged and aged females, and to investigate the relationship between retinol intake and bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Two hundred and fifty women aged 45 to 66 were enrolled and received physical examination and BMD scanning, and their fasting blood samples and dietary records were collected. Serum retinol and beta-carotene were analyzed by HPLC. Assays for bone turnover markers (such as bone specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and 25-(OH) D3) in serum were performed by using commercially available kits. Subjects were divided into normal BMD group and low BMD group, and the dietary RE intakes and serum retinol were compared. RESULTS: The average RE intake was 455.8 microg (n = 169), which reached 65.1% of RNI. Serum retinol and beta-carotene in normal BMD group were a little bit higher than the low BMD group, but there was no statistic difference. Vitamin A intake of normal BMD group was 53.0 microg, which was lower than the low BMD group, and carotene intake of normal BMD group was 107.6 microg, which was higher than the low BMD group. The ratio of plant sourced retinol in normal BMD group was higher than the low BMD group. Bivariate correlation analysis on BMD and dietary RE intake showed no statistic correlation, but with a slight negative trend (P = 0.203, r = -0.140). There was a significantly difference in age, bone mineral contents, BMI and BSAP between low BMD group and normal BMD group (P < 0.001 or P < 0.01), and bivariate correlation analysis showed that the age (P < 0.001, r = -0.380), BMI (P < 0.001, r = 0.394) menopausal age (P < 0.05, r = 0.244) and body weight (P < 0.001, r = 0.434) were significantly correlated with BMD. The result of stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the age, menopausal years and BSAP were entered into the regression equation (R2 = 0.552, F = 24.661, P < 0.001), which indicated a strong connection with BMD. CONCLUSION: (a) RE intake did not reach RNI, and the use of supplements was not common (32.5%). (b) The intake of milk and milk products and beans and bean products was low, and the calcium intake did not reach 50% of AI. (c) Higher serum retinol in normal range might maintain BMD. (d) Too much RE intake might associate with decreased BMD, especially the BMD in femoral bone.
