ABSTRACT
Self-etch adhesive systems have the advantages of simple operating steps and low technique sensitivity. However, some deficiencies of self-etch adhesive result that the immediate bonding strength between self-etch adhesive and dentine is not so high. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) can be used for surface modification. Previous studies of our research group have proven that NTAPP can improve bonding durability between dentine and etch-and-rinse adhesive. However, it is still unknown whether NTAPP can improve bonding strength between dentine and self-etch adhesive. The study observed the contact angle on dentine surface, the adhesive permeability and MTBS. The study proved that NTAPP can improve dentine surface wettability, clear up smear layer, and enhanced the self-etch adhesive permeability in dentine bonding interface. In conclusion, NTAPP could improve the bonding strength between dentine and self-etch adhesive systems. The most optimum treating time was 15 s.
Subject(s)
Dental Bonding , Plasma Gases , Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Argon , Dental Bonding/methods , Dental Cements , Dentin , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Materials Testing , Methacrylates , Resin Cements , Surface Properties , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
Altered expression of forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) is observed in various types of human cancers. However, the clinical significance of FOXQ1 expression in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. The present study aims to explore the clinicopathological significance and prognostic value of FOXQ1 in GC. FOXQ1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot in 20 pairs of fresh frozen GC tissues and corresponding noncancerous tissues. Additionally, FOXQ1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 158 clinicopathologically characterized GC cases. The correlation of FOXQ1 expression with patients' survival rate was assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression. Our results showed that the expression levels of FOXQ1 mRNA and protein in GC tissues were both significantly higher than those in non-cancerous tissues. Our results showed that the high expression of FOXQ1 in GC was related to tumor size (P = 0.026), histological grade (P = 0.021), lymph node involvement (P = 0.002), and tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.028). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that a high expression level of FOXQ1 resulted in a significantly poor prognosis of GC patients. Furthermore, Cox multivariates analysis indicated that FOXQ1 expression level was an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival rate of GC patients. In conclusion, overexpression of FOXQ1 is closely related to progression of GC and might be regarded as an independent predictor of poor prognosis for GC.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism , Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Female , Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics , Gene Expression , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Prognosis , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Stomach Neoplasms/mortality , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
We propose a new scheme for achieving the complete population transfer and the optimal coherence generation between the ground state and the Rydberg state in a four-level ladder system by combining the STIRAP or fractional STIRAP technique and the π pulse technique. We consider, in particular, two different situations where spontaneous emission from the two highest states are neglected or not. Our numerical calculations show that the time width and the delay time of the π pulse are two critical parameters for attaining the maximal population transfer and coherence generation in this scheme.
Subject(s)
Lasers , Models, Theoretical , Optics and Photonics/methods , Spectrum Analysis, Raman/methods , Light , Nonlinear DynamicsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the apoptosis induction effect of vitamin E succinate (VES) on Tca8113 cells and its possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proliferative activity of Tca8113 was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. After Tca8113 cells were treated with different concentrations of VES, apoptotic rates were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Fas monoclonal antibody was used for the blocking test. Fas expression was detected by immuocytochemistry(SABC assay) and FCM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VES demonstrated a significant growth inhibitory effect and apoptosis induced effect on the Tca8113 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Fas neutralizing antibody can block the apoptosis induced by VES. After the administration of VES, the expression of Fas protein increased and the kytoplasm staining enhanced. Proteinum quantitative analysis showed that the mean fluorescence intensity increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VES can induce apoptosis in human tongue cancer cells, and the up-regulation of the cell surface Fas protein may play an important role in the process.</p>
