[Venetoclax combined with dose-reduced HAD as induction treatment for patients with de-novo acute myeloid leukemia].

The efficacy and safety of venetoclax combined with reduced dose HAD regimen in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was investigated. From May 2022 to January 2023, a total of 25 patients with newly diagnosed AML were treated with venetoclax combined with reduced-dose HAD regimen as induction therapy. Accoding to the 2017 ELN recommendations, 13 (52.0%) in favoable, 3 (12.0%) in intemediate, and 9 (36.0%) in adverse. The ORR (CR rate+PR rate) was 88.0%, and the CR rate was 84.0%. By May 30, 2023, with a median follow-up of 9 months, 1 year overall survival, event-free survival, and relapse-free survival were 100%, 94.7%, and 94.7%, respectively. All patients received 1-5 cycles of consolidation therapy and two median cycles. Treatment with venetoclax and reduced dose of HAD regimen in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed AML was high effective and safe.

LSD1-mediated epigenetic modification contributes to proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer.

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has an important role in many pathological processes of cancer cells, such as carcinogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. In this study, we characterised the role and molecular mechanisms of LSD1 in proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer. METHODS: We evaluated the correlation of LSD1, CDH-1 and CDH-2 with invasiveness of colon cancer cells, and investigated the roles of LSD1 in proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer cells. We further investigated the mechanisms of LSD1-mediated metastasis of colon cancer. RESULTS: Lysine-specific demethylase 1 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues, and the high LSD1 expression was significantly associated with tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stages and distant metastasis. Functionally, inhibition of LSD1 impaired proliferation and invasiveness, and induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells in vitro. The LSD1 physically interacted with the promoter of CDH-1 and decreased dimethyl histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) at this region, downregulated CDH-1 expression, and consequently contributed to colon cancer metastasis. CONCLUSION: Lysine-specific demethylase 1 downregulates the expression of CDH-1 by epigenetic modification, and consequently promotes metastasis of colon cancer cells. The LSD1 antagonists might be a useful strategy to suppress metastasis of colon cancer.

Risk factors and prognosis of invasive fungal infections in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients: a single-institution experience.

OBJECTIVE: Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are frequent complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and major causes of a poor prognosis. Analysis of risk factors and prognosis of IFI are important for the control of IFI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all allogeneic SCT recipients from January 2000 to December 2007. For the homogeneity of analysis, only 286 patients with no history of IFI were included. RESULTS: Fifty-five cases of IFI were identified, corresponding to cumulative incidence of 19.8%. Different overall survival rates were recorded in patients with or without IFI (20.3% vs. 55.3%, P=0.004). Multivariate analysis identified 2 risk factors of IFI: use of high-dose steroid and cytomegalovirus infections, and risk stratification can classify the patients into 3 subgroups with different incidences of IFI (9.2%, 25.4%, and 34.1%, P=0.0007). Further analysis confirmed use of steroid as a risk factor of inferior prognosis in IFI cases (0 vs. 57.1%, P<0.0001), which was due to higher rates of IFI-related mortality (64.7% vs. 23.9%, P=0.018). CONCLUSION: Post-transplant IFI was an unfavorable prognostic factor of the SCT recipients, and risk stratification can identify patients with high risk of IFI. Use of steroid played an important role in the pathogenesis as well as prognosis of IFI.

Cancer risks among iron and steel workers in Anshan, China, Part II: Case-control studies of lung and stomach cancer.

Nested case-control interview studies of lung cancer (610 incident cases), stomach cancer (292 incident cases), and 959 controls were conducted to follow up leads from a proportional mortality analysis of deaths among male workers in a large integrated iron-steel complex in Anshan, China. For lung cancer, after adjusting for the significant non-occupational risk factors (smoking, other pulmonary disease, family history of lung cancer, and low consumption of fruit or tea), risks were significantly elevated for those employed for 15 or more years in smelting and rolling (OR = 1.5, CI = 1.1-2.2), in the fire-resistant brick factory (OR = 2.9, CI = 1.4-5.9), in general loading (OR = 2.5, CI = 1.0-6.1), and as coke oven workers (OR = 3.4; CI = 1.4-8.5). For stomach cancer, after adjusting for consumption of pickled vegetables, prior gastric diseases, family history of stomach cancer, low intake of fruits and vegetables, and education, risks were significantly elevated for those employed for 15 or more years in ore sintering and transportation (OR = 2.1, CI = 1.0-4.4), in the fire-resistant brick factory (OR = 2.5, CI = 1.1-5.8), in general loading (OR = 3.2, CI = 1.2-8.9), as boilerworkers and cooks (OR = 2.6, CI = 1.2-5.6), and as coke oven workers (OR = 5.4, CI = 1.8-16.0). For both lung and stomach cancers, significant dose-response gradients were observed for exposure to total dust and benzo(a)pyrene, but not for specific chemical components of dust. Overall, long-term steel workers with exposure to workplace pollutants had a 40% increased risk of both lung and stomach cancers. These case-control studies confirm many of the occupational findings reported in the proportionate mortality analysis, and suggest avenues for further work to evaluate the carcinogenicity of individual components of dust.

The application of leukocyte adherence inhibition assay to patients with colorectal cancer. Comparison with serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen and sialic acid.

Antitumor immune response to colorectal cancer extracts was tested by leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay. Of 38 colorectal cancer patients, 26 (68.4 percent) were LAI positive. The sensitivity of LAI assay was found to be inversely related to the stage of the disease. In contrast, 2 of 50 (4 percent) healthy individuals, 2 of 37 (5.4 percent) patients with nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases, and 2 of 32 (6.3 percent) patients with malignancies other than colorectal cancer were LAI positive. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and serum sialic acid (SA) also were determined in 38 colorectal cancer patients. Using LAI assay in combination with CEA determination could improve the detection rate of colorectal cancer.