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Objective To investigate the clinical significance and abnormal expression of the CREB in different grade gliomas. Methods The expression of CREB was examined by using immunohistochemistry in brain tissues from the brain injury (5 cases) and different grade gliomas (55 cases).The mRNA and protein levels of CREB were further as?sessed using Western blot and RT-PCR in brain tissues from the patients with brain injury (10 cases) and those with dif?ferent grade gliomas (30 cases). Results The positive rates of CREB immunohistochemistry were 2/5 in control, 10/15 inⅠ-,Ⅱ11/12 in Ⅲ, 28/28 in Ⅳ. The positive rates of CREB were significantly different among different groups (H=28.183,P<0.05).The mRNA levels of CREB were 1.00 ± 0.000 in control, 1.35 ± 0.068 inⅠ-Ⅱ, 2.88 ± 0.111 in Ⅲand 3.75 ± 0.196 in Ⅳ. The expression of CREB was higher in the glioma than in control group, and the mRNA levels of CREB were significantly different among different groups(F=1.208,P<0.05). The protein levels of CREB were 0.311 ± 0.014 in control, 0.469±0.026 inⅠ-Ⅱ, 0.641±0.028 inⅢand 0.896±0.024 inⅣ. The protein levels of CREB were sig?nificantly different among different groups(F=1.123,P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of CREB is elevated in glio?mas with different differentiation degrees. The expression of CREB was positively correlated with the degree of differentia?tion, indicating that CREB may have an important regulatory role in the progress of gliomas.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography (CTA)and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)for carotid artery dissection. Methods The image data of carotid artery ultrasonography,CTA,and DSA of 24 patients with carotid artery dissection were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-four,16,and 21 patients were examined with DSA,CTA,and carotid artery ultrasonography respectively. The detection rates of carotid artery dissection with DSA,CTA, and carotid artery ultrasonography were 95. 8%,75.0%,and 71. 4% respectively. The DSA mostly showed the line-like sign (n=12,50 %). CTA and carotid artery ultrasonography mostly showed the double lumen sign;they were 37. 5%(n=6)and 52. 4%(n=11)respectively. Compared with DSA,the concordance rates of carotid artery ultrasonography and CTA were 66. 7% and 81. 3% respectively. There was no significant difference (Kappa=0. 39,P=0. 08 and Kappa=0. 43,P =0. 22 respectively). The concordance rate of ultrasonography in combination with CTA and DSA reached 87. 5%(n=15,Kappa=0. 67,P =0.047). There was significant difference. Conclusion DSA is a gold standard for the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection,and it is irreplaceable. Carotid artery ultrasonography in combination with CTA can improve the diagnostic rate. Carotid artery ultrasonography can be used as a screening method for carotid artery dissection.
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Objective To explore the role of EphB4 in proliferation of glioma cells. Methods The mRNA and protein expressions of EphB4 were detected using RT-PCR, immunochemistry, and Western-blot, respectively. EphB4 siRNA was synthesized and transfected into U251 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. Glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were determined by MTT assay, TUNEL and transwell experiment, respectively. Results The expression (P<0.05) and proliferation of EphB4 were obviously decreased in U251 transfected with EphB4 siRNA and the proliferation was further decreased with the increased concetrations of siRNA. Compared with U251 group and siRNASCR group, EphB4 siRNA at different concentrations (25, 50 or 100 nmol/L) significantly reduced the invasion ability of cells and increased the number of apoptotic cells (P<0.05). Conclusions EphB4 plays an important role in the regulation of glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion.
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PURPOSE: To explore the diagnostic value of intracranial electrodes in highly suspected temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and the value of sphenoid electrodes (PG) and the propagation patterns of ictal discharges in focus lateralization. METHODS: Intracranial electrodes were implanted in 22 probable TLE patients through bilateral temporal burr holes. Extracranial electrodes included the 10-20 international EEG system and bilateral PGs. Intracranial and extracranial EEGs (IEEG, EEEG) were synchronously recorded. The interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) were counted for 3h of interictal preoperative long-playing video EEG. Time intervals between electrodes recording the ictus and ictus occurring were measured and the propagation patterns were deduced. RESULTS: By IEEG, 18 patients with confirmed TLE had surgery; 14 were seizure-free. 3 had FLE, and 1, uncertain localization. Of the 14 TLE and postoperative seizure-free patients, the ratio (left:right) of IEDs in the 3h interictal EEG was 483:211 in the 6 left TLE and 263:654 in the 8 right TLE. In 12 of the 14 cases, the side with more IEDs at PG was the epileptic focus side. In 11 of the 14 cases the earlier PG recording side was focus side. We found that the propagation sequence of ictus followed certain rules in most attacks. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that IEEG was useful for final diagnosis of highly suspected TLE and that PG was helpful in focus lateralization. The propagation patterns of ictus might provide a new tool in focus lateralization and localization.
Subject(s)
Brain Mapping , Electroencephalography/methods , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/diagnosis , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/physiopathology , Functional Laterality/physiology , Adult , Electrodes, Implanted , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Time Factors , Video Recording/methodsABSTRACT
Objective:To clarify the mechanism of immunoregulation of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) transfected interleukin 18(IL-18) after their transplantation into glioma bearing rats.Methods:Cultured BMSCs from SD rats were transfected with rmIL-18(BMSCs/IL-18).Untransfected BMSCs were used as control.Culture supernatant medium was collected for IL-18 examination at different time point by ELISA kit.After establishment of glioma bearing rats followed by BMSCs/IL-18 transplantation,serum concentration of IFN-?,IL-2 and IL-10 were examined by means of ELISA kit.And their splenocytes were cultured with C6 cells and BMSCs/IL-18 for in vitro cytotoxicity assay,and subsets of splenocyte were detected by flow cytometry.TUNEL was used to clarify apoptosis cells inside glioma and anti-CD34 staining was performed to observe microvessel density(MVD).Results:BMSCs/IL-18 could secret IL-18 long term and stably.After being transplanted with BMSCs/IL-18,serum concentration of IL-2,IFN-? in glioma bearing rats' increased obviously and serum concentration of IL-10 decreased.Flow cytometry results showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes increased in the splenocytes.And rechallenge with C6 cells induced a rapid immuno-reaction.In vitro cytotoxicity assays.It was showed that BMSCs/IL-18 could stimulate splenocytes to kill C6 cells obviously.TUNEL assay showed that there were 15.74?6.23 apoptosis cells inside glioma in each view in Group 2,which was much more when compared with other groups.Microvessel density inside glioma in group 2(6.51?2.71) was lower than in group 1(13.52?3.06),group 3(12.67?2.61) and control group(14.84?1.47).Conclusion:By means of inducing Th1 cytokine and suppressing Th2 cytokine and activating cytotoxic T lymphocyte,BMSCs/IL-18 induces obviously anti-tumor activity.
