ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Myeloma poses a serious risk for people's health and life quality. Molecular targeted treatment of myeloma emerges as a promising therapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of Sirtuin 6 on myeloma KM-HM_(31) cell aging and provide evidence for clinical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Myeloma KM-HM_(31) cell aging model induced by Carbamide peroxide (CP) was generated. Cells were transfected with Sirtuin 6 over-expression plasmid and specific siRNA. Western blot was used to study Sirtuin 6 expression, P53, P16, and Hippo in KM-HM_(31) cells. ß-galactosidase assay was applied to measure cell aging. Verteporfin inhibited Hippo signal pathway and measured aging of KM-HM_(31) cells. RESULTS: The levels of Sirtuin 6, aging protein P53, and P16 were remarkably elevated while Hippo expression was significantly inhibited in CP-induced KM-HM_(31) cells. Transfection of Sirtuin 6 over-expression plasmid enhanced Sirtuin 6 expression in KM-HM_(31) cells and potentiated cell aging with downregulation of Hippo protein. In contrast, a block of Sirtuin 6 resulted in the opposite effect. Moreover, Verteporfin inhibited Hippo signal pathway and enhanced CP-induced KM-HM_(31) cell aging, which contributed similar effect as Sirtuin 6 did. CONCLUSIONS: We showed that sirtuin 6 facilitates CP-induced myeloma cell KM-HM_(31) aging via suppressing Hippo.
Subject(s)
Multiple Myeloma/pathology , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Sirtuins/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cellular Senescence , Down-Regulation , Hippo Signaling Pathway , Humans , Multiple Myeloma/genetics , Signal Transduction , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolismABSTRACT
Electromagnetic fields at near-field exhibit distinctive properties with respect to their free-space counterparts. In particular, an optical transverse spin appearing in a confined electromagnetic field provides the foundation for many intriguing physical effects and applications. We present a transverse spin coupling configuration where plasmonic nanoparticles are employed to couple the transverse spin in a focused beam to that of a surface plasmon polariton. The plasmonic resonance of nanoparticles on a metal film plays a significant role in transverse spin coupling. We demonstrate in experiments that Ag and Au nanoparticles yield distinct imaging patterns when scanned over a focused field, because of their different plasmonic responses to the transverse and longitudinal electric fields. Such resonance-dependent spin-coupling enables the identification of nanoparticles using a focused field, as well as electric field mapping of a specific field component of a focused beam using a plasmonic nanoparticle. These interesting findings regarding the transverse spin coupling with a plasmonic nanoparticle may find valuable applications in near-field and nano-optics.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy , Hepatitis B/drug therapy , Liver Neoplasms , Nucleosides/administration & dosage , Nucleosides/therapeutic use , Nucleotides/administration & dosage , Drug Resistance, Viral/drug effects , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the clinical value of vestibular autorotation test (VAT) in the treatment for otogenic vertigo patients. Method:One hundred and twenty-nine definite otogenic vertigo patients were included. All patients underwent the VAT and caloric test (CT). The results were analyzed statistically. Result:In VAT examination, 89 (69.0%) cases were abnormal. In CT examination, 56 (43.4%) cases were abnormal. In the contrast test of VAT and CT, VAT results were abnormal in 47 (36.4%) patients and CT results were abnormal in 14 (10.9%) patients. The number of patients whose both VAT and CT results were abnormal was 42 (32.6%). The total number of patients with various abnormal results was 103 (79.8%). According to statistical analysis, the abnormal result rate of VAT was higher than that of CT. The abnormal result rate of both VAT and CT was higher than that of each single test. There was statistic significance in the difference (χ²=1.670, P<0.05). Conclusion:For otogenic vertigo patients, their abnormal result rate of VAT is higher than that of CT. VAT and CT can be mutually complementary. The combination of VAT and CT can help to understand the function of semicircular canal in the general and provide reference for the treatment of otogenic vertigo diseases.
Subject(s)
Meniere Disease/diagnosis , Vestibular Function Tests , Caloric Tests , Humans , Rotation , Semicircular Canals/physiopathology , VertigoABSTRACT
The application of external fixation for acute treatment of unstable pelvic fractures can be a lifesaving procedure; however, it must be coordinated with other efforts of the trauma team. The patient with a pelvic fracture must be adequately resuscitated and carefully evaluated. This evaluation includes a careful physical examination and radiographic studies, which include plain films and computerized tomography. A proper evaluation enables classification of the pelvic injury and appropriate selection of patients that require acute pelvic external fixation. In this article, both open and percutaneous techniques for pin placement and fixator frame configurations are discussed.
