An ultrawide field-of-view pinhole compound eye using hemispherical nanowire array for robot vision.

Garnering inspiration from biological compound eyes, artificial vision systems boasting a vivid range of diverse visual functional traits have come to the fore recently. However, most of these artificial systems rely on transformable electronics, which suffer from the complexity and constrained geometry of global deformation, as well as potential mismatches between optical and detector units. Here, we present a unique pinhole compound eye that combines a three-dimensionally printed honeycomb optical structure with a hemispherical, all-solid-state, high-density perovskite nanowire photodetector array. The lens-free pinhole structure can be designed and fabricated with an arbitrary layout to match the underlying image sensor. Optical simulations and imaging results matched well with each other and substantiated the key characteristics and capabilities of our system, which include an ultrawide field of view, accurate target positioning, and motion tracking function. We further demonstrate the potential of our unique compound eye for advanced robotic vision by successfully completing a moving target tracking mission.

The Effect of Anti-Depressants on Dental Implant Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to analyze the risk of dental implant failure for patients who had a history of anti-depressant use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was performed up to June 2023 in three databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials with data on comparison of implant failure rate for patients with and without the use of antidepressants were included. Meta-analyses for the risk ratio of implant failure rate at the patient level and implant level were performed. RESULTS: Eleven clinical studies were selected for inclusion in this review. The meta-analyses showed a risk ratio of 2.44 (95% confidence interval= 1.75 to 3.39, p< 0.0001) and 2.44 (95% CI= 1.73 to 3.46, p< 0.0001) for the implant failure at the patient level and implant level, respectively. The comparisons presented a low heterogeneity for the patient-level analysis and a moderate heterogeneity for the implant-level analysis among the pooled studies. Subgroup analyses also revealed that patients who received only selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or SSRIs with other type of anti-depressants had a higher risk of implant failure than those who were not on any anti-depressants. CONCLUSIONS: The current review demonstrates the use of anti-depressants, such as SSRIs, may increase the risk of dental implant failure at both patient level and implant level. Although limited evidence suggests that a certain type of SSRI (sertraline) may have more influence on implant failure than other SSRIs, future studies are needed to warrant this finding.

High-efficiency, flexible and large-area red/green/blue all-inorganic metal halide perovskite quantum wires-based light-emitting diodes.

Metal halide perovskites have shown great promise as a potential candidate for next-generation solid state lighting and display technologies. However, a generic organic ligand-free and antisolvent-free solution method to fabricate highly efficient full-color perovskite light-emitting diodes has not been realized. Herein, by utilizing porous alumina membranes with ultra-small pore size as templates, we have successfully fabricated crystalline all-inorganic perovskite quantum wire arrays with ultrahigh density and excellent uniformity, using a generic organic ligand-free and anti-solvent-free solution method. The quantum confinement effect, in conjunction with the high light out-coupling efficiency, results in high photoluminescence quantum yield for blue, sky-blue, green and pure-red perovskite quantum wires arrays. Consequently, blue, sky-blue, green and pure-red LED devices with spectrally stable electroluminescence have been successfully fabricated, demonstrating external quantum efficiencies of 12.41%, 16.49%, 26.09% and 9.97%, respectively, after introducing a dual-functional small molecule, which serves as surface passivation and hole transporting layer, and a halide vacancy healing agent.

Deep neural networks enable quantitative movement analysis using single-camera videos.

Many neurological and musculoskeletal diseases impair movement, which limits people's function and social participation. Quantitative assessment of motion is critical to medical decision-making but is currently possible only with expensive motion capture systems and highly trained personnel. Here, we present a method for predicting clinically relevant motion parameters from an ordinary video of a patient. Our machine learning models predict parameters include walking speed (r = 0.73), cadence (r = 0.79), knee flexion angle at maximum extension (r = 0.83), and Gait Deviation Index (GDI), a comprehensive metric of gait impairment (r = 0.75). These correlation values approach the theoretical limits for accuracy imposed by natural variability in these metrics within our patient population. Our methods for quantifying gait pathology with commodity cameras increase access to quantitative motion analysis in clinics and at home and enable researchers to conduct large-scale studies of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders.

Conducting health research in Korean American churches: perspectives from church leaders.

Korean Americans experience many challenges to obtaining adequate health care coverage and access to needed services. Because a large proportion of Korean Americans attend churches on a regular basis, churches may be a promising venue where health programs can be delivered. In order to gain an in-depth understanding of Korean American churches with respect to conducting future health intervention research, we conducted exploratory interviews and focus groups with 58 leaders from 23 Korean American churches and three community organizations. From these interviews and focus groups, we found that Korean churches and church leaders seek to meet a variety of social and health needs of their congregation and their surrounding community. Several leaders have stated that assisting with social and medical needs of their members is an important component of their current ministry. They described profound health needs of their congregations and have suggested various ways in which the university can partner with the local churches to help address these needs through research. Additionally, they described various resources churches can provide to researchers such as: their personal assistance, church volunteer base, church facility, and church network and contacts. Our findings suggest that Korean churches have a high potential to serve an important role in the health of Korean Americans. On the basis of the promising results of the present study, we are planning to conduct a cross sectional survey of Korean church leaders and members in Los Angeles County to substantiate our findings in a larger representative sample.