The influencing factors of college students' legal emotion and the mechanism of its effect on aggressive behavior.

Current research has increasingly focused on the preventive role of individual legal socialization in crime. The socialization of legal emotions is an important part of legal socialization. Building upon existing literature, this study, conducted through two sub-studies, investigated the influencing factors of legal emotions in N mainland Chinese university students and the mechanisms through which legal emotions impact aggressive behavior. In study 1, the results indicated that mother-child attachment, innovation spirit, and positive emotional expression positively predicted positive legal emotion, while mother-child attachment, dependency dimension in adult attachment, and positive emotional expression negatively predicted negative legal emotions. The anxiety dimension in adult attachment and negative emotional expression positively predicted negative legal emotions. In study 2, Positive legal emotion among university students could directly negatively predict aggressive behavior or exert influence through social alienation. Negative legal emotions could not only directly positively predict aggressive behavior but also partly affect it through social alienation. In summary, our study not only identified factors that influence legal emotions, but also found that legal emotions have an impact on aggressive behavior directly or indirectly through social alienation. Our research findings have significant implications for cultivating positive legal emotion in university students and curbing aggressive behavior. This can be achieved by promoting the legal socialization of university students and ultimately contributing to crime prevention.

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Role of Changes in Platelet Activation Pathways in the Survival Outcome of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: The objective of this study was to integrate metabolomics and transcriptomics data to identify key diagnostic and prognostic markers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Plasma samples were collected from 85 ESCC patients at different stages and 50 healthy volunteers for non-targeted metabolomic analysis. Methods: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed for non-targeted metabolomic analysis. Subsequently, we integrated the metabolomic data with transcriptomic data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and prognosis data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) to perform pathway analysis. Our focus was on pathways that involve both metabolites and upstream genes, as they often exhibit higher accuracy. Results: Through the integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics, we identified significant alterations in the platelet activation pathway in ESCC. This pathway involves the participation of both metabolites and genes, making it a more accurate reflection of pathological changes associated with the disease. Notably, metabolite arachidonic acid (AA) and chemokine receptor type 2(CXCR2) were significantly downregulated in ESCC, while genes collagen type I alpha 1(COL1A1), collagen type I alpha 2(COL1A2), collagen type III alpha 1(COL3A1), type 3 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (ITPR3), and insulin-like growth factor II mRNA binding protein 3(IGF2BP3) were significantly upregulated, indicating the presence of tumor-induced platelet activation in ESCC. Further analysis of prognosis data revealed that high expression of COL1A1, IGF2BP3, and ITPR3 was associated with a favorable prognosis for ESCC, while high CXCR2 expression was linked to an adverse prognosis. In addition, we combined COL1A1, ITPR3, IGF2BP3, CXCR2, and AA to form a diagnostic biomarker panel. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) demonstrated excellent diagnostic capability (AUC=0.987). Conclusion: Our study underscores the significant role of platelet activation pathways and related genes in the diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC patients. These findings offer promising insights for improving the clinical management of ESCC.

Third ventricular width by transcranial sonography is associated with cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: One-fourth of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients suffer from cognitive impairment. However, few neuroimaging markers have been identified regarding cognitive impairment in PD. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between third ventricular width by transcranial sonography (TCS) and cognitive decline in PD. METHOD: Participants with PD were recruited from one medical center in China. Third ventricular width was assessed by TCS, and cognitive function was analyzed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Cox model analysis were utilized to determine the diagnostic and predictive accuracy of third ventricular width by TCS for cognitive decline in PD patients. RESULT: A total of 174 PD patients were recruited. Third ventricular width was negatively correlated with MMSE scores. ROC analysis suggested that the optimal cutoff point for third ventricular width in screening for cognitive impairment in PD was 4.75 mm (sensitivity 62.7%; specificity 75.6%). After 21.5 (18.0, 26.0) months of follow-up in PD patients without cognitive impairment, it was found that those with a third ventricular width greater than 4.75 mm exhibited a 7.975 times higher risk of developing cognitive impairment [hazard ratio = 7.975, 95% CI 1.609, 39.532, p = 0.011] compared with patients with a third ventricular width less than 4.75 mm. CONCLUSION: Third ventricular width based on TCS emerged as an independent predictor of developing cognitive impairment in PD patients.

Optimal Duration of High-Fidelity Simulator Training for Bronchoscope-Guided Intubation: A Noninferiority Randomized Trial.

INTRODUCTION: The optimal simulator training duration for flexible optical bronchoscopic (FOB) intubation is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether a learning curve-based training modality was noninferior to a fixed training time modality in terms of clinical FOB intubation time. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, noninferiority study was conducted from May to August 2022. Anesthesiology residents or interns were enrolled. Eligible participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive new learning curve-based simulator training (individualized training time based on performance, group New) or reference fixed training time simulator training (1 hour, group Reference). The primary outcome was the time to complete FOB intubation in patients, which was defined as the time from the introduction of the FOB into the mouth until the first capnography visualization. The margin for detecting clinical significance was defined as 10 seconds. RESULTS: A total of 32 participants were included in the analysis (16 in each group). All trainees successfully intubated the patients. The mean intubation time (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 81.9 (65.7-98.1) seconds in group New and 97.0 (77.4-116.6) seconds in group Reference. The upper bound of the 1-sided 97.5% CI for the mean difference of clinical intubation time between groups was 9.3 seconds. Noninferiority was claimed. The mean duration of the training in group New was 28.4 (95% CI, 23.5-33.4) minutes. The total number of training procedures on simulators in group New was significantly less than that in group Reference (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical FOB intubation time in group New was noninferior to that in group Reference.

The optimal time for laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometrioma: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the optimal time of laparoscopic cystectomy for unilateral ovarian endometrioma patients and evaluate the influence on ovarian reserve. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective randomized controlled study included 88 women with unilateral ovarian endometrioma at a tertiary teaching hospital. All patients received their first identified diagnosis of ovarian endometrioma by ultrasound (> 4 cm and ≤ 10 cm) and were administered an oral contraceptive pill (OC) for one cycle before laparoscopy. They were randomly divided into two groups: laparoscopy at the late luteal phase (group LLP) (n = 44) (termination of OC for two days) and laparoscopy at the early follicular phase (group EFP) (n = 44) (day 3 after menstruation). Basic clinical characteristics were recorded. Serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were measured at various times to predict ovarian reserve. Serum levels of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured at several time sites to predict the ovarian reserve; AMH and leukocyte esterase (LE) levels of the endometrioma wall were measured. RESULTS: Before surgery, serum AMH levels decreased in both groups from preoperative to one week and six months postoperatively. In contrast, the difference values of group EFP were larger than those of group LLP at postoperative one week and postoperative six months (1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 1.31 ± 0.93, P = 0.07; 1.91 ± 1.06 vs. 1.54 ± 0.93, P = 0.001). The mean rates of postoperative serum AMH decline were 37.92% and 46.34% in group EFP, significantly higher than those in group LLP (25.83% vs. 31.43%, P < 0.001). Ovarian endometrioma wall AMH of group LLP was significantly lower than that of group EFP ([22.86 ± 3.74] vs. [31.02 ± 5.23], P < 0.001). Meanwhile, ovarian endometrioma LE concentration of group LLP was significantly higher than that of group EFP ([482.83 ± 115.88] vs. [371.68 ± 84.49], P<0.001). There was also a significant inverse correlation between leukocyte esterase and AMH concentration in an ovarian endometrioma cyst wall (r=-0.564, P<0.001). CONCLUSION(S): The optimal time for laparoscopic cystectomy for patients with first identified unilateral ovarian endometrioma is the late luteal phase, which reduces ovarian tissue loss and preserves ovarian reserve effectively and safely.

Effects of Gypenoside XLIX on fatty liver cell gene expression in vitro: a genome-wide analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To perform Genome-wide analysis of Gypenoside XLIX (Gyp-XLIX) in the treatment of fatty liver cells. METHODS: The gene profiles of 3 normal liver cells, 3 fatty liver cells, and 3 fatty liver cells treated with Gyp-XLIX were detected by high-throughput sequencing to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in fatty liver treated by Gyp-XLIX. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were used to explore the biological functions of DEGs. By constructing lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network of DEGs, network node genes were mined. Possible target genes of differentially expressed lncRNA were predicted by cis regulation. RESULTS: 782 DEGs were screened out; that is, 172 genes were highly expressed in fatty liver cells, and the expression decreased to the level of normal liver cells after Gyp-XLIX treatment; 610 genes were under expressed in fatty liver cells, and the expression increased to the level of normal liver cells after Gyp-XLIX treatment. Functional analysis of KEGG and GO showed that DEGs process DNA-binding transcription factor activity and ion transmembrane transporter activity in the plasma membrane region. This mediates glycerophospholipid metabolism, bile secretion, fatty acid degradation and other signaling pathways. lncRNA analysis showed that the expression of 16 lncRNAs was low in fatty liver cells, and the expression was increased to the level of normal liver cells after Gyp-XLIX treatment. Target gene prediction showed that 16 differentially expressed lncRNAs had cis potential to regulate target genes, among which lncRNA RPARP-AS1 had a high degree of relationship with other genes. lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network results showed that lncRNA RPARP-AS1 may acted on NFKB2. CONCLUSION: LncRNA was differentially expressed in fatty liver cells and Gyp-XLIX treated fatty liver cells, and lncRNA RPARP-AS1 may be a regulatory gene in Gyp-XLIX treated fatty liver.

ZP3 and AIPL1 participate in GVBD of mouse oocytes by affecting the nuclear membrane localization and maturation of farnesylated prelamin A.

The low maturation rate of oocytes is an important reason for female infertility and failure of assisted pregnancy. The germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) is a landmark event of oocyte maturation. In our previous studies, we found that zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) was strongly concentrated in the nuclear region of germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes and interacted with aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein-like 1 (AIPL1) and lamin A to promote GVBD. In the current study, we found that lamin A is mainly concentrated in the nuclear membrane. When ZP3 is knocked down, lamin A will be partially transferred to the nucleus of oocytes. The prelamin A is increased in both the nuclear membrane and nucleus, while phosphorylated lamin A (p-lamin A) is significantly reduced. AIPL1 was also proved to accumulate in the GV region of oocytes, and ZP3 deletion can significantly inhibit the aggregation of AIPL1 in the nuclear region. Similar to ZP3 knockdown, the absence of AIPL1 resulted in a decrease in the occurrence of GVBD, an increase in the amount of prelamin A, and a significant decrease in p-lamin A in oocytes developed in vitro. Finally, we propose the hypothesis that ZP3 can stabilize farnesylated prelamin A on the nuclear membrane of AIPL1, and promote its further processing into mature lamin A, therefore promoting the occurrence of GVBD. This study may be an important supplement for the mechanism of oocyte meiotic resumption and provide new diagnostic targets and treatment clues for infertility patients with oocyte maturation disorder.

Freezing of gait is a risk factor for cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUNDS: Freezing of gait (FOG) and cognitive impairment are serious symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the association between FOG and cognition may help formulate specific interventions for PD individuals. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the associations of cognitive impairment in different domains with FOG status using multiple neuropsychological tests. METHODS: Two cohorts including 691 and 104 participants were recruited from Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) and central China, respectively. All participants underwent FOG assessment and neuropsychological tests, and 595 individuals from PPMI and 51 from central China were enrolled for longitudinal observation. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between cognition and FOG status were evaluated using multivariable-adjusted models. RESULTS: Worse cognitive performances were observed in patients with FOG compared to those without FOG in both cohorts (ß = - 0.020, p < 0.001) using multivariate-adjusted models. Moreover, patients with progressive FOG during follow-up manifested more serious cognitive declines (HR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.07-1.80). The FOG was mainly associated with the decline of executive, attention, and orientation. Furthermore, FOG was associated with higher levels of cognition-related biomarkers including T-tau, P-tau, and NfL in cerebrospinal fluid (p < 0.050). CONCLUSIONS: FOG is a risk factor for cognitive decline in PD, which emphasizes the need for early detection and monitoring of cognitive changes and interventions on cognitive impairments in PD patients with FOG.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant imbalance in ovulation disorder in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disease that is characterized by oligo-ovulation or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries observed using ultrasound with high clinical heterogeneity. At present, the etiology of PCOS is not clear but is thought to be related to genetic, metabolic, endocrine and environmental factors. Hyperandrogenism interacts with insulin resistance and overweight/obesity, forming a vicious cycle of mutual promotion and participating in the occurrence and progression of PCOS. Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the imbalance between the oxidation system and antioxidation system in the human body, which is associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases. Recent studies have shown that OS may be closely related to ovulation disorders in PCOS, and antioxidants can improve the oxidative stress state of PCOS. However, previous studies did not examine the effect of the interaction between OS and hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance or overweight/obesity on ovulation disorders in PCOS. This article reviews the interaction between OS and hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and overweight/obesity; the effects of OS, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and overweight/obesity on ovulation disorders in PCOS; and the application of antioxidants in PCOS.

A Global Perspective of Correlation Between Maternal Copper Levels and Preeclampsia in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a common multi-system disorder in pregnancy and a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality globally. Copper is a crucial micronutrient for human health. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to synthesize the best available evidence regarding the correlation between maternal copper levels and PE from women with different geographical and economic backgrounds. Results: A total of 34 studies containing 2,471 women with PE and 2,888 healthy pregnant controls across 16 countries were included for research. All studies were systematically reviewed and assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), The Agency of Healthcare for Research and Quality (AHRQ) assessment tools according to the study types. Globally, there was no significant difference in maternal serum copper levels between women with PE and control (Mean difference 5.46, 95% CI -9.63, 20.54). Sub-group analysis from geographical and economic perspectives revealed contrasting results. In conclusion, copper is associated with PE, but the levels of copper leading to increased risk of PE varied across regions and economic development. Conclusions: The deranged maternal copper levels are correlated with risks of PE, but it presents variously across different geographical and economic contexts. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=306536. Identifier: CRD42022306536.

Effect of Cerebral Microbleeds on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Parkinson Disease.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and patterns of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in Parkinson disease (PD) and the impact of CMBs on cognitive function and quality of life (QoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with PD that underwent susceptibility-weighted imaging were recruited and divided into CMB-free, lobar-CMB, deep-CMB, and mixed-CMB groups according to CMB location. Motor function (MDS-UPDRS III), cognitive abilities (MoCA, MMSE), and QoL (PDQ-39) were compared among groups. The risk factors for CMBs in patients with PD and the association between CMBs and cognition and QoL were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models and linear regression models. RESULTS Among the 209 patients with PD, 42 (20.1%) had CMBs. Lobar, deep, and mixed CMBs were observed in 15 (35.7%), 17 (40.5%), and 10 (23.8%) patients, respectively. A higher frequency of hypertension was independently associated with deep CMBs (odds ratio [OR]=4.379, 95% CI: 1.405-13.643, P=0.011). The deep-CMB and mixed-CMB groups had lower MoCA scores and MMSE scores than the CMB-free group, especially in domains of naming, attention, and orientation (P<0.05). Additionally, the presence of CMBs was associated with lower MMSE (R²=0.140, ß=-0.301, P<0.001) and MoCA (R²=0.104, ß=-0.289, P<0.001) and higher PDQ-39 (R²=0.052, ß=0.227, P<0.05) scores, while the association between CMBs and PDQ-39 disappeared after adjustment of MMSE or MoCA as a covariate. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that hypertension was associated with the occurrence of deep CMBs. Comorbidity with CMBs may impair cognitive function and indirectly reduce the QoL in patients with PD.

A global perspective of correlation between maternal blood lead levels and risks of preeclampsia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a specific hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that affects women's reproductive health. However, it is unclear whether lead exposure during can predispose maternal risk of developing preeclampsia. This systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to explore the association. Methods: We searched studies from three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase). Only case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies reporting maternal blood lead levels (BLL) and PE were included from database inception to 31st July 2022. Pregnant women with blood lead levels measured were eligible. Those healthy pregnant women who did not develop preeclampsia were assessed as comparators. Letters, comments, case reports, and reviews were excluded. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and its adaptive form were applied for assessment. The random-effects method (REM) was applied to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Stata 16.0 and RevMan 5.3 were the software used for data extraction and analysis. Results: 25 studies out of 1,808 articles made the finalist for systematic reviews, of which 21 underwent further quantity analysis. A total of 1,533 preeclamptic women and 10,998 healthy pregnant controls were included in the meta-analysis. The overall result revealed that maternal lead exposure was significantly higher in women with preeclampsia (SMD: 1.06, 95% CI 0.69, 1.43); (I 2 = 96.40%; P = 0.000). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that maternal lead exposure is associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy. The association is present even in low blood lead levels. The conclusion should be taken seriously and women should avoid unexpected exposure to a lead-containing environment as much as possible. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=347220, identifier: CRD42022347220.

The Value of Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Hypertension Complicated by Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study.

BACKGROUND: Patients with hypertension complicated by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a generally poor prognosis. The identification of powerful predictors for recurring cardiovascular events (RCEs) is vital. This study seeks to evaluate the predictive value of three-dimensional (3D) strain parameters for RCEs in patients with hypertension complicated by AMI. METHODS: We successfully followed up patients with hypertension and AMI from April 2015 to December 2015 in this retrospective study. Participants previously underwent 3D echocardiography, one week, and one month after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The left ventricular structural function parameters, as well as 3D strain parameters including 3D global longitudinal strain (3D-GLS), 3D global circumferential strain, 3D global radial strain, and 3D global area strain (3D-GAS), were acquired. A Cox model was used to determine the relationships between these parameters and RCEs. RESULTS: In total, 62 patients were enrolled in the analysis. During follow-up (41.27 ± 20.45 months), 20 patients (32.3%) had RCEs that were independently predicted one month after PCI by 3D-GLS (HR: 1.481, 95% CI: 1.202-1.824, P < 0.001) and 3D-GAS (HR: 1.254, 95% CI: 1.093-1.440, P = 0.001). The optimal cutoffs for 3D-GLS and 3D-GAS in predicting cardiac events were ≥12.5% (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.736, 95% CI: 0.611-0.862, P = 0.003), and >20.5% (AUC: 0.685, 95% CI: 0.551-0.818, P = 0.020), respectively. CONCLUSION: The assessed values of 3D-GLS and 3D-GAS one month after PCI can predict RCEs in patients with hypertension complicated by AMI.

Effects of Different Systolic Blood Pressure Targets on Myocardial Function: A One-Year Follow-Up in Geriatric Hypertension.

BACKGROUND: A lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) target reduces major cardiovascular events and mortality from any cause of geriatric hypertension. However, the effect of different SBP targets on myocardial function remains unclear. This study aimed to determine changes in left ventricular (LV) strain in older hypertensive patients after 1 year of different SBP goals, and to evaluate its effects on myocardial mechanics in this population. METHODS: We studied 313 hypertensive adults aged 60 years or older after 1 year of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial. They were divided into the intensive group (target SBP: 110-130 mmHg) and the standard group (target SBP: 130-150 mmHg). All participants underwent echocardiography within 1 week after enrollment and 1 year after participating in the study. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the LV (endocardial, middle, and epicardial layer: GLS-end, GLS-mid, and GLS-epi, respectively) and the improvement of GLS at 1 year (ΔGLS-end, ΔGLS-mid, and ΔGLS-epi) were measured. RESULTS: At 1 year, GLS-end in the intensive group was slightly improved compared with that before the trial (-23.78%±3.10% vs -22.58%±3.11%, P<0.05). The ΔGLS-end and ΔGLS-mid in the intensive group were higher than those in the standard group (1.20±0.23 vs 0.58±0.59% and 0.70±0.21 vs 0.52±0.17, P<0.05). Moreover, SBP at 1 year and an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist were independent factors that affected ΔGLS-end (ß= -0.005, P=0.004; ß= 0.080, P<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: These trial results suggest that a lower SBP target can slightly improve myocardial function in older hypertensive patients at 1 year.

[Prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic risk factors among 12-18 years old adolescents in Yinchuan City from 2017 to 2019].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic risk factors among 12-18 years old children and adolescents in Yinchuan City. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 12-18 years old middle school students in Yinchuan from September 2017 to September 2019. A total of 1956 subjects were collected by using convenient sampling method, with an average age of(14. 4±1. 4) years. Boys and girls accounted for 52. 1% and 47. 9%, respectively, The Han and Hui nationalities accounted for 77. 7% and 16. 4%, respectively. Basic data such as age and gender were collected through questionnaire survey, and physical examination was used to measure height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure. Fasting blood glucose, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) were measured by laboratory blood pressure biochemistry. RESULTS: The detection rates of obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, high TG, high LDL-C, low HDL-C, high LDL-C and dyslipidemia among 12-and 18-year-olds in Yinchuan City were 8. 3%, 17. 9%, 12. 4%, 1. 9%, 13. 2%, 2. 4%, 18. 6%, 1. 9% and 30. 1%, respectively. The detection rates of obesity, hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, high TG and dyslipidemia in boys were significantly higher than those in girls. Obesity, abdominal obesity and hypertension in 12-15-year-old group were higher than those in 16-18-year-old group, and the detection rates of high TC, low HDL-C, high LDL-C and dyslipidemia were lower than those in 16-18-year-old group(P& lt; 0. 05). The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in different age groups of boys and girls were compared. The detection rates of obesity, abdominal obesity and hypertension in the 12-15 age group were higher than those in the 16-18 age group, while the rates of high TG, low HDL-C, high LDL-C and dyslipidemia were higher in the 12-15 age group, but these differences were only significant in boys. Among girls, the detection rate of high TC and high LDL-C was higher in the age group of 12 to 15 years old(P& lt; 0. 05). The detection rate of metabolic syndrome in 12-18-year-old adolescents was 7. 9%. The detection rate of metabolic syndrome in boys(10. 1%) was higher than that in girls(5. 5%). The detection rates of metabolic syndrome in 12-15 years old and 16-18 years old were 9. 1% and 4. 9% respectively, and the differences were statistically significant(P& lt; 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic risk factors in 12-18 years old adolescents in Yinchuan City is at a high level, boys are higher than girls, and the prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and hypertension are higher in 12-15 years old group. Dyslipidemia varies greatly in different gender and age groups.

Factors Influencing Renal Parenchymal Stiffiness in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.

OBJECTIVE: Glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis are associated with lower renal parenchymal resilience. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing renal resilience in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS: We recruited 56 healthy volunteers and 187 patients with DN. All the participants were evaluated using shear-wave elastography (SWE), and the size of their kidneys and Young's modulus values for the parenchyma were recorded. A total of 187 patients with DN are allocated to three groups according to their urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio: normoalbuminuric (<30 mg/g creatinine), microalbuminuric (30-300 mg/g), and macroalbuminuric (≥300 mg/g) groups. Renal resilience is compared between the stages of diabetic nephropathy and the healthy control group, and the factors affecting the stiffiness of the renal parenchyma in DN are analyzed. RESULTS: The renal parenchyma is harder in participants with DN than in healthy participants (P < 0.001), and the stiffiness increases with the progression of the disease (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that disease stage (ß = 0.789, P < 0.001), duration of diabetes (ß = 0.028, P < 0.001), and serum creatinine (SCr) concentration (ß = 0.001, p < 0.001) influence the stiffiness of the renal parenchyma. CONCLUSION: We show that SWE can be used to measure changes in the stiffiness of the renal parenchyma in patients with DN. Furthermore, Young's modulus of the renal parenchyma is related to the duration of diabetes, urinary albumin excretion, and SCr concentration. Thus, SWE can be used to objectively and non-invasively stage DN.

Identification of a novel autophagy signature for predicting survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most commonhistological lung cancer subtype, with an overall five-year survivalrate of only 17%. In this study, we aimed to identify autophagy-related genes (ARGs) and develop an LUAD prognostic signature. METHODS: In this study, we obtained ARGs from three databases and downloaded gene expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We used TCGA-LUAD (n = 490) for a training and testing dataset, and GSE50081 (n = 127) as the external validation dataset.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox and multivariate Cox regression models were used to generate an autophagy-related signature. We performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell analysis between the high- and low-risk groups. A nomogram was built to guide the individual treatment for LUAD patients. RESULTS: We identified a total of 83 differentially expressed ARGs (DEARGs) from the TCGA-LUAD dataset, including 33 upregulated DEARGs and 50 downregulated DEARGs, both with thresholds of adjusted P < 0.05 and |Fold change| > 1.5. Using LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we identified 10 ARGs that we used to build a prognostic signature with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.705, 0.715, and 0.778 at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Using the risk score formula, the LUAD patients were divided into low- or high-risk groups. Our GSEA results suggested that the low-risk group were enriched in metabolism and immune-related pathways, while the high-risk group was involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression pathways. Immune cell analysis revealed that, when compared to the high-risk group, the low-risk group had a lower cell fraction of M0- and M1- macrophages, and higher CD4 and PD-L1 expression levels. CONCLUSION: Our identified robust signature may provide novel insight into underlying autophagy mechanisms as well as therapeutic strategies for LUAD treatment.

[Combined influence of lipid accumulation product and body mass index on cardiometabolic risk factors among Yinchuan City children and adolescents].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between children lipid accumulation product(CLAP) and body mass index(BMI) and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents. METHODS: A current situation study design was adopted. A total of 936 children and adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old in Yinchuan City were selected from September 2017 to September 2019 by a convenient sampling method. Among them, 537(57. 40%) boys and an average age of(14. 82±2. 08) years old, the number of Han and other ethnic groups were 705(75. 30%) and 231(24. 70%) respectively. And conduct questionnaire surveys(using Yinchuan Children's Blood Pressure Survey-standard questionnaire, which mainly includes basic information, birth and infant feeding, physical activity and sleep, etc. ), physical examination(including height, weight, blood pressure and body components) and biochemical index detection(including fasting blood glucose and blood lipids), using binary classification Logistics regression to analyze the correlation between CLAP and BMI and cardiovascular risk factors, and ROC curve analysis of the accuracy of CLAP and BMI in the diagnosis of cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: The association between CLAP≥P75 and BMI normal weight and cardiovascular risk factor aggregation≥2 was 38. 13(95%CI 23. 83-61. 00) times(P<0. 05) of CLAP<P75 and BMI non-obese, which was higher than that of other different combinations and cardiovascular risk factors Correlation. The accuracy of CLAP≥P75 combined with BMI in the diagnosis of cardiovascular risk factor aggregation≥2 was 0. 87(95%CI 0. 85-0. 89), higher than other diagnoses. CONCLUSION: CLAP and BMI are associated with cardiovascular risk factors.

Body fat distribution in trunk and legs are associated with cardiometabolic risk clustering among Chinese adolescents aged 10-18 years old.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of body fat distribution with cardiometabolic risk factors clustering among Chinese adolescents. METHODS: In this cross sectional study a total of 1,175 adolescents aged 10-18 years underwent a comprehensive assessment of cardimetabolic risk factors. Body fat analysis was performed with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). RESULTS: Individuals with the CVRFs≥1 or CVRFs≥2 had higher indices of body fat distribution such as body fat mass (BFM) compared to those with normal CVRFs (all p<0.001). The prevalence of CVRFs≥1, CVRFs≥2 increased with increasing of the quartile of BFM, TBFM, ABFM, LBFM, PBF, VFL compared to normal subjects. After adjusted for age and sex, the study indicated an linear relationship between TBFM (ß = 0.693, 95% CI:0.363, 1.023), LBFM (ß = -1.471, 95% CI:-2.768, -0.175) and CVRFs z-score. Logistic regression models suggested TBFM was associated with CVRFs≥1 and CVRFs≥2 by higher odds. Lower odds of LBFM was associated with CVRFs≥2. CONCLUSIONS: The contribution of the fat mass in specific region on the cardiovascular risk factors clustering is different among adolescents. The trunk fat is associated with higher clustered cardiometabolic risk, while leg fat mass is the protective factor.