ABSTRACT
The effects of root abscisic acid (ABA) signal on Na+ transport and photosystem 2 (PS2) in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) under salt stress (150 mmol·L-1 NaCl) were examined by applying ABA synthesis inhibitor sodium tungstate to roots. Sodium tungstate inhibited ABA synthesis in roots, reduced root Na+ efflux, and increased the efficiency of Na+ transport from roots to leaves under salt stress. Salt stress increased leaf Na+ content and did not affect leaf membrane lipid peroxidation, PS2 reaction center protein and PS2 maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ). The inhibition on root ABA synthesis significantly increased leaf Na+ accumulation, aggravated leaf membrane lipid peroxidation, impaired PS2 reaction center protein, decreased Fv/Fm, and induced PS2 photoinhibition. In conclusion, root ABA signal was beneficial to reducing leaf Na+ accumulation and preventing PS2 oxidative damage by inducing root Na+ efflux and inhibiting Na+ transport to the aerial part in H. tuberosus under salt stress.
Subject(s)
Abscisic Acid , Helianthus , Photosystem II Protein Complex , Plant Leaves , Plant Roots , Salt StressABSTRACT
Hyperspectral reflectance and green degree of Platanus orientalis L. and Populus tomentosa Carr. leaves were measured by the ASD portable spectrometer and the portable chlorophyll meter SPAD-502, respectively. The chlorophyll concentration retrieval models based on 10 common vegetation indexes were established, and the ANN-BP model which used wave bands with larger correlation coefficient as input variables was established for chlorophyll content estimation. Finally, the ANFIS model was established to inverse vegetation chlorophyll content using hyperspectral data. The results showed that normalized difference vegetation index can inverse chlorophyll content better than other vegetation index, and the determination coefficients R2 of models of Platanus orientalis L. and Populus tomentosa Carr. were 0.795 7 and 0.754 6, respectively. The determination coefficients R2 between the predicted and the measured chlorophyll content based on ANN-BP models of Platanus orientalis L. and Populus tomentosa Carr. were 0.935 2 and 0.917 1, respectively. ANFIS model which is a good method to be applied to hyperspectral data for estimation of vegetation chlorophyll concentration can greatly improve vegetation chlorophyll concentration estimation accuracy, and the determination coefficients R2 between the predicted and the measured chlorophyll content of Platanus orientalis L. and Populus tomentosa Carr. were 0.935 2 and 0.917 1, respectively.
Subject(s)
Chlorophyll/analysis , Spectrum Analysis , Models, Theoretical , Plant Leaves , Populus , Regression AnalysisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To search for chemical constituents with structural diversity from Laurencia tristicha to supply for biological assay. METHOD: Compounds were isolated by means of column chromatography over normal phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, recrystallization and HPLC. Structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including 1D NMR, IR and MS. Cytotoxicities of the purified compounds were evaluated by MTT method. RESULT: Seven compounds were isolated from L. tristicha. Their structures were elucidated as cholesterol (1), cholesta- 5-en-3beta, 7alpha-diol (2), beta-stigmasterol (3), phytol (4), zeaxanthin (5), 4 -hydroxybenzaldehyde (6), indolyl-3-carbaldehyde (7). In the cytotoxic assay compound 2 was active against human cancer cell lines HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGc-823, A549 and HELA with IC50 values of 1.90, 2.02, 1.99, 6.52 and 1.20 microg x mL(-1), respectively. Compound 4 showed cytotoxicity against HCT-8 and HELA with IC50 value of 3.51 and 2.04 microg x mL(-1), and other compounds were inactive ( IC50 > 10 microg x mL(-1)). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-7 were isolated from L. tristicha for the first time. In additon, compounds 2 and 4 were cytotoxic against several human cancer cell lines.
