[Study on liver injury of Oncomelania hupensis caused by Eomecon chinanthe sanguinarine].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of Eomecon chinanthe sanguinarine (SAN) on glucogen, enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation of Oncomelania hupensis liver so as to explore the mechanism of SAN against Oncomelania hupensis. METHODS: SAN was extracted and purified from the dry powder of Eomecon chionantha. Oncomelania hupensis were immersed in 5 mg/L sanguinarine (50 Oncomelania hupensis per 500 ml solution) or clean water at 25 degrees C for 36 h, the livers were isolated from live snails. Total glucogen content, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) were determined respectively and the data were analyzed by independent t test. RESULTS: The glucogen content of snail livers in the SAN group and the control group were (12.151 +/- 0.204) and (18.113 +/- 0.163) mg/g respectively, the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05); the MDA levels of the two groups were (5.298 +/- 0.441) and (4.351 +/- 0.197) nmol/mgprot respectively, and the difference was not significant (P > 0.05); the activities of ALT, AST, ACP, AKP, SOD in the SAN group were (2.760 +/- 0.076) U/mgprot, (68.723 +/- 2.295) U/mgprot, (407.949 +/-19.868) U/gprot, (191.287 +/- 0.771) U/ gprot and (48.452 +/- 0.193) U/mgprot respectively, the activities of these enzymes in the control group were (1.104 +/- 0.000) U/mgprot, (49.448 +/- 1.626) U/mgprot, (344.475 +/- 30.186) U/gprot, (121.905 +/- 3.127) U/gprot and (38.814 +/- 2.765) U/mgprot respectively, the activities of ALT, AST, ACP, AKP and SOD were significantly increased after immersed in 5 mg/L SAN for 36 h, the differences were significant (All P values < 0.05); yet the difference of POD between the SAN group [(22.170 +/- 0.018) U/mgprot] and the control group [(21.747 +/- 0.264) U/mgprot] was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: SAN can destroy liver functions of Oncomelania hupensis through decreasing glucogen content and changing activities of some important enzymes in snail liver.

[Screening and identification of differentially expressed proteins between adult female and male worms of Schistosoma japonicum].

OBJECTIVE: To screen and identify differentially expressed proteins between adult female and male worms of Schistosoma japonicum(S.japonicum). METHODS: Two rabbits infected with the cercaria were perfused with saline in carotid, and approximately two hundred adult female and two hundred male worms of S.japonicum were collected. Approximately 300 microg soluble and hydrophobic proteins of adult female and male worms of S.japonicum were extracted and then the proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis respectively. The analysis using ImageMaster Platinum 2D 5.0 resulted in differentially expressed proteins between adult female and male worms, which were subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry sequencing of tryptic peptides. RESULTS: There were (255 +/- 10) and (224 +/- 12) spots detected for soluble proteins and (200 +/- 11) and (132 +/- 8) spots for hydrophobic proteins from adult female and male worms respectively. Six differential proteins were identified, five up-regulated proteins in female worms were thioredoxin, putative ferritin-1 heavy chain, chain B in solution structure of the human ubiquitin-conjugating-enzyme-like protein Mms2-Ubiquitin Complex, heat shock protein 10, cytoplasmic fatty acid binding protein variant H; while only one up-regulated proteins in male worms was identified as 48 kDa histamine receptor subunit peptide 4. CONCLUSION: Several differentially expressed proteins between female and male worms of S. japonicum were recognized through screening and identifying differential proteins between female and male worms of S.japonicum.