Discovery of steroidal alkaloid glycosides from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata with anti-inflammatory activities using an in vivo zebrafish model.

Nine undescribed steroidal alkaloid glycosides, unibrasolanosides A-F, unibraverazosides A-B, and unibratomatoside A, were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata P. K. Hsiao & K. C. Hsia (Liliaceae). Their structures were elucidated by HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data analyses as well as chemical methods and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Further investigation revealed that eight steroidal alkaloid glycosides displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity in vivo in a CuSO4-induced transgenic zebrafish model.

Steroidal alkaloids and their glycosides from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata.

Seven undescribed steroidal alkaloids, including two jervine-type steroidal alkaloids, fritiunibras A-B (1-2), and five cevanine-type steroidal alkaloid glycosides, fritiunibras C-G (3-7), along with six known cevanine-type steroidal alkaloids and their glycosides (8-13) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia. Their structures were determined by interpretation of comprehensive spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The absolute configurations of sugar moieties were determined by HPLC analysis and compared with standards after hydrolysis and derivatization. Furthermore, their inhibitory effects on NO production and cytotoxic activities were evaluated.

[Comparative Study on Effects of Anti-Gastritis,Gastric Mucosal Protection and Gastrointestinal Movement Promotion of Root and Stem of Zanthoxylum nitidum].

Objective: To provide the experimental evidence for expansion of medicinal parts of Zanthoxylum nitidum by comparing the effects of anti-gastritis,gastric mucosal protection and gastrointestinal movement promotion of its root and stem. Methods: The pharmacological effects between root and stem of Zanthoxylum nitidum were compared by observing the anti-gastritis effect on rats with chronic superficial gastritis induced by iodoacetamide, evaluating the gastric mucosal protective effect on rats' gastric ulcer induced by stress, indometacin and pylorus ligation test, and investigating gastrointestinal movement promotion effect on mice gastric evacuation and intestinal propelling. Results: Both root and stem of Zanthoxylum nitidum showed effects of relieving the inflammation symptoms of rats' gastric mucosa induced by iodoacetamide, gastric ulcer respectively induced by stress, and presenting a strong inhibition of free acid and pepsin activity in gastric juice. Furthermore stem parts of Zanthoxylum nitidum in promoting gastrointestinal motility even showed better efficacy than root. Conclusion: Stem of Zanthoxylum nitidum has similar effects of anti-gastritis, gastric mucosal protection and gastrointestinal movement promotion with root of Zanthoxylum nitidum.

Four new alkylamides from the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum.

Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum led to the isolation of four new unsaturated alkylamides, zanthoxylumamides A-D. Their structures were established via the detailed spectroscopic analyses.