ABSTRACT
A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, non-flagellated, gliding, rod-shaped, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive bacterium, designated SE14T, was isolated from soil on King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Strain SE14T grew at 4-25 °C (optimum, 20 °C), at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-7.5) and with 0-3.0â% NaCl (optimum, 1.0-1.5â%), and could not produce flexirubin-type pigments. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed the the isolate belonged to the genus Flavobacterium. Strain SE14T had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Flavobacterium antarcticum, F. tegetincola and F. degerlachei with 95.8, 95.5 and 95.2â%, respectively. The strain SE14T consisted of a clade with Flavobacteriumnoncentrifugens (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity 94.9â%) and F. qiangtangense (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity 94.2â%) and simultaneously formed a distinct phyletic lineage in the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree. Polar lipids of the strain included phosphatidylethanolamine and four unidentified aminolipids. Strain SE14T contained anteiso-C15â:â0, iso-C15â:â0 and a mixture of iso-C15â:â0 2-OH and/or C16â:â1ω7c as the main fatty acids, and the only respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6. The genomic DNA G+C content was 42.3 mol%. The polyphasic taxonomic study revealed that strain SE14T belongs to a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium , and the name Flavobacterium phocarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SE14T (=CCTCC AB 2017225T=KCTC 52612T).
Subject(s)
Flavobacterium/classification , Phylogeny , Seals, Earless , Soil Microbiology , Animals , Antarctic Regions , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Base Composition , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Fatty Acids/chemistry , Flavobacterium/genetics , Flavobacterium/isolation & purification , Phosphatidylethanolamines/chemistry , Pigmentation , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Vitamin K 2/analogs & derivatives , Vitamin K 2/chemistryABSTRACT
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, yellow-pigmented, non-flagellated, non-gliding, rod-like, oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium, designated A2-1T, was isolated from soil on Ardley Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Strain A2-1T grew at 4-22 °C (optimum, 10 °C), at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 6.5) and with 0-1.5â% NaCl (optimum, 0.5â%), but could not produce flexirubin-type pigments. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolates belonged to the genus Flavobacterium. Strain A2-1T had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Flavobacterium cucumis, F. ahnfeltiae and F. cheniae with 95.7, 95.6 and 95.4â%, respectively. The strain A2-1T consisted of a clade with F. cucumis and F. cheniae and simultaneously formed a distinct phyletic lineage in the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree. Polar lipids of the strain included phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), four unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified lipid. The strain A2-1T contained anteiso-C15â:â0 (20.2â%), iso-C15â:â0 (16.2â%) and C15â:â1 G (11.0â%) as the main fatty acids and the only respiratory quinone was menaquinone MK-6. The genomic DNA G+C content was 34.0 mol%. The polyphasic taxonomic study revealed that the strain A2-1T belongs to a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium and the name Flavobacterium ardleyense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A2-1T (=CCTCC AB 2017157T=KCTC 52644T).
