ABSTRACT
Curcumol is a sesquiterpene originally isolated from curcuma rhizomes, a component of herbal remedies commonly used in oriental medicine. Its beneficial pharmacological activities have attract significant interest recently. In this study, anti-cancer activity of curcumol was examined with both in vitro and in vivo models. It was found that curcumol exhibited time- and concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effects in SPC-A-1 human lung adenocarcinoma cells with cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase while apoptosis-induction was also confirmed with flow cytometry and morphological analyses. Interestingly, curcumol did not display growth inhibition in MRC-5 human embryonic lung fibroblasts, suggesting the anti-proliferative effects of curcumol were specific to cancer cells. Anti-neoplastic effects of curcumol were also confirmed in tumor bearing mice. Curcumol (60 mg/kg daily) significantly reduced tumor size without causing notable toxicity. In conclusion, curcumol appears a favorable anti-cancer candidate for further development.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lung/pathology , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Animals , Blotting, Western , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Flow Cytometry , Humans , Lung/drug effects , Lung/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Nude , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) appears to be primarily involved in detoxification processes, but possible roles in lung cancer remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression and function of GSTA1 in lung cancer cells. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to assess expression in cancer cell lines and the normal lung cells, then verify the A549 cells line with stable overexpression. Localization of GSTA1 proteins was assessed by cytoimmunofluorescence. Three double-strand DNA oligoRNAs (SiRNAs) were synthesized prior to being transfected into A549 cells with Lipofectamine 2000, and then the most efficient SiRNA was selected. Expression of the GSTA1 gene in the transfected cells was determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The viability of the transfected cells were assessed by MTT. Results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of A549 cancer cells was higher than in MRC-5 normal cells. Cytoimmunofluorescence demonstrated GSTA1 localization in the cell cytoplasm and/or membranes. Transfection into A549 cells demonstrated that down-regulated expression could inhibit cell viability. Our data indicated that GSTA1 expression may be a target molecule in early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Genetic Markers/genetics , Glutathione Transferase/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Analysis of Variance , Blotting, Western , Cell Survival/genetics , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , RNA, Small Interfering/analysis , RNA, Small Interfering/genetics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Transfection , Tumor Cells, Cultured , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
Taking Trametes gallica mycelium pellets, Bacillus cereus, and their co-immobilized biomaterial as bio-adsorbents, this paper studied their Pb2+ adsorption under effects of different contact time, medium initial pH value and Pb2+ concentration, and bio-adsorbent concentration, and compared the infrared spectra of the bio-adsorbents before and after Pb2+ absorption. The Pb2+ adsorption efficiency of the bio-adsorbents was the highest when the bio-adsorbent concentration was 2 g x L(-1), initial pH was 5.0, initial Pb2+ concentration was 50 mg x L(-1), and contact time was 1 h, with the Pb2+ biosorption rate being 71.7% for the mycelium pellets of T. gallica, 91.0% for B. cereus, and 96.9% for the co-immobilized biomaterial. The infrared spectra of the bio-adsorbents were mainly consisted of the absorption zones of protein, carbohydrates, and sulphur- and phosphors-based groups, suggesting that hydroxyl, carboxyl, and sulphur- and phosphate-based groups played important roles in the Pb2+ adsorption by the bio-adsorbents.
Subject(s)
Bacillus cereus/metabolism , Lead/isolation & purification , Trametes/metabolism , Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods , Adsorption , Biodegradation, Environmental , Cells, Immobilized/metabolism , Lead/metabolism , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Wastewater/chemistryABSTRACT
With a shaker, this paper studied the characteristics of the biosorption of crystal violet and malachite green by Rhodotorula graminis Y-5 under different adsorption time, initial pH, and temperature, as well as the desorption and recycling use of the dyes. The biosorption of crystal violet and malachite green by R. graminis Y-5 had the peaks (93.8% and 87.7%, respectively) at pH 7.0, dye concentration 50 mg x L(-1), 150 r x min(-1), 30 degrees C, and lasting 10 hours. After desorption, the biosorption rate of crystal violet and malachite green by R. graminis was 85.5% and 78.5%, respectively, indicating that the biosorption of crystal violet and malachite green was reversible, and the recycling use of the dyes by R. graminis was quite good, i. e., the dyes were renewable and could be recycled. Biosorption could be the mechanism of the decolorization of the dyes. The dyes were mostly adsorbed on the R. graminis surface -OH. The adsorption process was fast, efficient, and reversible, suggesting that R. graminis had a high potential for waste water treatment.
Subject(s)
Gentian Violet/isolation & purification , Rhodotorula/metabolism , Rosaniline Dyes/isolation & purification , Water Pollutants/isolation & purification , Adsorption , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/isolation & purification , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/metabolism , Coloring Agents/isolation & purification , Coloring Agents/metabolism , Gentian Violet/metabolism , Rhodotorula/physiology , Rosaniline Dyes/metabolism , Water Pollutants/metabolismABSTRACT
The characteristics of the induction of laccase in Trametes gallica under different initial cultural pH, incubation time by different inducers were discussed, as well as the effects of temperature, pH and time on laccase degradation of six dyes and four organophosphors. The results showed that RB-bright blue, ABTS and o-toluidine affected the production of laccase at different levels, and ABTS was the best inductive agent in our test conditions, whose optimal initial pH and incubation time were 4.0 and 13 days, respectively. The appropriate reaction temperature of the laccase produced was 38 degrees C, and it got a good stability, for it could retain 78.6% of the enzyme activity after 20 min holding at 40 degrees C. Mediated by ABTS, the optimal temperature for laccase to degrade the six types of neutral dyes could be divided into two cases, that was 30 degrees C (neutral black, neutral bordeaux, neutral pink, methyl orange) and 60 degrees C (neutral dark yellow, cresol red), the optimal pH were 6.0 (neutral black), 2.0 (neutral bordeaux, neutral pink) and 4.0 (methyl orange, neutral dark yellow, cresol red), respectively, while the optimal times separately were 6 h (methyl orange, neutral dark yellow, cresol red), 12 h (neutral pink) and 24 h (neutral bordeaux). And using the same inductive agent, the best temperature for laccase to degrade dimethoate, chlorpyrifos, trichlorfon and parathion-pyridazine was 25 degrees C, the suitable time was 9 h, and the optimal pH was 10.0 for dimethoate, chlorpyrifos and parathion-pyridazine, and 8.0 for trichlorfon.
