ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of the proprioceptive sensibility reflexotherapy by tendon acupuncture needling at trigger points for patients with proprioceptive disorder of cervical vertigo. METHODS: Seventy-nine patients with proprioceptive disorder of cervical vertigo were randomly assigned into a treatment group (42 cases) and a control group (37 cases). Patients in the treatment group received the proprioceptive sensibility reflexotherapy with tendon acupuncture at trigger points in the neck. And those in the control group were given traditional traction, massage and intermediate frequency electro therapy. All the treatment was given for 2 courses, once a day and 10 days as a course. The cervical vertigo symptom and function, the joint position error (JPE) and stability index (ST) before and after treatment were observed in the two groups and the effects were evaluated. RESULTS: The cervical vertigo symptom and function were improved, JPE and ST decreased after treatment in the two groups (all P<0.05), with better results in the treatment group (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The proprioceptive sensibility reflexotherapy with tendon acupuncture at trigger points is effective for proprioceptive disorder of cervical vertigo.
Subject(s)
Reflexotherapy , Vertigo/therapy , Acupuncture Points , Humans , Tendons , Treatment Outcome , Trigger PointsABSTRACT
Cortex Eucommiae is used worldwide in traditional medicine, various constituents of Cortex Eucommiae, such as chlorogenic acid (CGA), has been reported to exert anti-osteoporosis activity in China, but the mechanism about their contribution to the overall activity is limited. The aims of this study were to determine whether chlorogenic acid can prevent estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis and to analyze the mechanism of CGA bioactivity. The effect of CGA on estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis was performed in vivo. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly among a sham-operated group and five ovariectomy (OVX) plus treatment subgroups: saline vehicle, 17α-ethinylestradiol (E2), or CGA at 9, 27, or 45 mg/kg/d. The rats' femoral metaphyses were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (µCT). The mechanism of CGA bioactivity was investigated in vitro. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with CGA, with or without phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. BMSCs proliferation and osteoblast differentiation were assessed with 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and alkaline phosphatase, with or without Shp2 interfering RNA (RNAi). The results display that CGA at 27 and 45 mg/kg/day inhibited the decrease of bone mineral density (BMD) that induced by OVX in femur (p< 0.01), significantly promoted the levels of bone turnover markers, and prevented bone volume fraction (BV/TV), connectivity density (CoonD), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) (all p< 0.01) to decrease and prevented the trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), structure model index (SMI)(both p< 0.01) to increase. CGA at 1 or 10 µM enhanced BMSC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. CGA at 0.1 to 10 µM increased phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and cyclin D1. These effects were reversed by LY294002. CGA at 1 or 10 µM increased BMSC differentiation to osteoblasts (p< 0.01), Shp2 RNAi suppressed CGA-induced osteoblast differentiation by decreasing Shp2, p-Akt, and cyclin D1. This study found that CGA improved the BMD and trabecular micro-architecture for the OVX-induced osteoporosis. Therefore, CGA might be an effective alternative treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. CGA promoted proliferation of osteoblast precursors and osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs via the Shp2/PI3K/Akt/cyclin D1 pathway.
