Combining anodic alcohol oxidative coupling for C-C bond formation with cathodic ammonia production.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols using heterogeneous catalysts is a promising aqueous, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly approach, especially for coupling different alcohols to prolong the carbon chain via co-oxidation. Precisely regulating critical steps to tailor electrode materials and electrolyte composition is key to selectively coupling alcohols for targeted synthesis. However, selectively coupling different alcohols remains challenging due to the lack of effective catalyst and electrolyte design promoting specific pathways. Herein, we demonstrate a paired electrolysis strategy for combining anodic oxidative coupling of ethanol (EtOH) and benzyl alcohol (PhCH2OH) to synthesize cinnamaldehyde (CAL) and cathodic ammonia production. The strategies involve: (i) utilizing the salt-out effect to balance selective oxidation and coupling rates; (ii) developing platinum-loaded nickel hydroxide electrocatalysts to accelerate intermediate coupling kinetics; (iii) introducing thermodynamically favorable nitrate reduction at the cathode to improve coupling selectivity by avoiding hydrogenation of products while generating valuable ammonia instead of hydrogen. We achieved 85% coupling selectivity and 278 µmol/h NH3 productive rate at 100 mA/cm2 with a low energy input (∼1.63 V). The membrane-free, low energy, scalable approach with a wide substrate scope highlights promising applications of this methodology. This work advances heterogeneous electrocatalytic synthesis through rational design principles that integrate anodic oxidative coupling with cathodic nitrate reduction reactions, having synergistic effects on efficiency and selectivity.

An Imidazo[1, 2-a]Pyridine Based Fluorescent Probe for the Continuous "on-off-on" Detection of Fe3+ and F.

An "on-off-on" fluorescent probe LK was synthesized from 2-benzoylpyridine and o-vanillin, which could sequentially detect Fe3+ and F- in DMSO/H2O solutions (v/v = 1/1, HEPES buffer, 1.0 mM, pH 7.0) with large Stokes shift (178 nm). LK exhibited not only high selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+ and F-, but also strong anti-interference ability to other ions. LK was coordinated with Fe3+ at a ratio of 2:1, with a binding constant (Ka) of 1.3 × 104 M- 1. The detection limits for Fe3+ and F- were 6.9 × 10- 8 M and 3.0 × 10- 7 M, respectively. Due to its excellent sensing performance, LK was successfully applied in actual water samples and test papers for the detection of Fe3+ and F-.

Rigid tape dynamic fixation in conservative treatment of acute anterior talofibular ligament tear: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: This study aims to compare results of rigid tape (RT) dynamic fixation and static fixation in conservative treatment of acute anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) tear. Patients and methods: Between September 2021 and December 2021, a total of 91 patients (41 males, 50 females, mean age: 28.5±6.5 years, range, 18 to 40 years) who were diagnosed with ATFL tear and underwent rigid tape (RT) or cast/brace rehabilitation protocol were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as the RT group (n=36) and the control group (n=55). Follow-up (FU) was performed at six months. Outcomes included pain (Numerical Rating Scale [NRS]), ankle function (American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society [AOFAS] hindfoot score), deviation of center of gravity (DCG), and symptoms after returning to sports. Results: The difference at each time point of pain, AOFAS, DCG and SRS between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05 for all). Only one patient at Week 12 in the RT group had pain in the lateral side of the ankle, while 36 patients at Week 12 and 21 patients (18 in the medial side) at FU had pain in the control group. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that RT dynamic fixation can accurately lock the ATFL function and may prevent pseudo-stability, so as to quickly repair injury, restore function, and return to sports earlier.

Predictive Value of Diaphragmatic Ultrasonography for the Weaning Outcome in Mechanically Ventilated Children Aged 1-3 Years.

Background: There are estimated 20% of mechanically ventilated patients having difficulty in weaning from the ventilators, and the weaning process accounts for 40% of the whole ventilation time. Reliable tools are urgently needed to estimate the weaning outcome. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography, as a relatively good predictive method for the adults, was measured in this study, assessing the value of each indicator of diaphragmatic ultrasonography to predict the outcomes of ventilator weaning from mechanically ventilated children of 1-3 years old. Methods: Between November 2018 and November 2019, children who were mechanically ventilated and ready for weaning in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were enrolled in the study. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography was performed to the children to measure the right diaphragm excursion (DE), contraction velocity, thickness, and diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF), which were recorded followed by spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were also used to assess the value of each indicator to predict the weaning outcome. Results: During this study period, a total of 72 children were enrolled, and of them, 56 children passed the weaning process, while 16 children failed. There were significant differences in DE, contraction velocity, thickness, and DTF parameters between the weaning success group and the failure group. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) and the optimal threshold of the above indicators were as follows: 0.72 and 8.08 mm for DE, 0.71 and 26.1% for right DTF (DTFR), 0.71 and 20.7% for left DTF (DTFL), 0.78 and 14.8% for minimum DTF (DTFMIN), 0.79 and 26.1% for maximum DTF (DTFMAX), 0.71 and 1.24 mm for maximum diaphragm thickness at the end of inspiration (DteiMAX), and 0.65 and 10.0 mm/s for contraction velocity. Conclusion: Diaphragmatic ultrasonography is feasible in guiding ventilator weaning, and the indicators of DE, DTF, and DteiMAX guide the weaning more accurately. Among them, DTF may act as a more reliable predictor of weaning by avoiding the influence of diaphragm development in children.

circRNA_0006470 promotes the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by functioning as a sponge of miR-27b-3p.

Cancer pathogenesis is influenced by epigenetic alterations mediated by circular RNAs (circRNAs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms and cytological function of hsa_circ_0006470/miR-27b-3p in gastric cancer (GC). circRNA and microRNA expressions in cancer cells were measured by the qRT-PCR method. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate the binding of hsa_circ_0006470 with miR-27b-3p. hsa_circ_0006470 was silenced in AGS cells, and proliferation, migration, and invasion were tested via the CCK-8 assay and Transwell system, respectively. The autophagy in GC cells was assessed by marker protein detection and transmission electron microscope. The results showed that hsa_circ_0006470 expression was significantly elevated in GC cells, which was mainly distributed in cytoplasmic components and could directly bind with miR-27b-3p in GC cells. Silencing of hsa_circ_0006470 repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which may be through regulating miR-27b-3p/Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1). Silencing of hsa_circ_0006470 also elevated LC3II and Beclin-1 and suppressed p62 protein abundances, which subsequently induced autophagy in AGS cells. Furthermore, we found that hsa_circ_0006470 promotes phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PI3KCA) expressing by sponging miR-27b-3p. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0006470 promoted GC cell proliferation and migration through targeting miR-27b-3p and suppressing autophagy machinery.

LncRNA FAM230B Promotes Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Regulating the miR-27a-5p/TOP2A Axis.

AIM: Long non-coding RNAs serve as key components of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks that underlie tumorigenesis. We investigated the pathogenic roles of lncRNA FAM230B and its molecular mechanism in gastric cancer (GC). METHOD: The levels of FAM230B expression in five gastric cancer cell lines and in human gastric mucosal cells were compared by quantitative RT-PCR. To analyze the function of FAM230B in GC, we overexpressed FAM230B in AGS cells, silenced FAM230B in MGC-803 cells, and tested the effect of FAM230B on tumor growth in nude mice. The interaction between miR-27a-5p and FAM230B was predicted by a bioinformatics analysis and then verified with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. We also further investigated the role and mechanism of FAM230B by forcing overexpression of miR-27a-5p in MGC-803 gastric cancer cells. RESULTS: We found that FAM230B was highly expressed in gastric cancer cell lines and mainly located in the cytoplasm. FAM230B overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of AGS cells and repressed their apoptosis; it also facilitated tumor growth in vivo. In contrast, FAM230B knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MGC0803 cells, but enhanced their apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. MiR-27a-5p expression was suppressed by FAM230B overexpression in AGS cells. MiR-27a-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and promoted the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by reducing TOP2A (topoisomerase 2 alpha) expression. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that lncRNA FAM230B might function to promote GC. FAM230B functioned as a ceRNA by sponging miR-27a-5p and enhancing TOP2A expression.

A preliminary exploration of plain-film radiography in scapular dyskinesis evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Evaluation of scapular dyskinesis is of clinical interest because it is believed to be associated with pathologies of the shoulder. This study investigated the feasibility of plain-film radiography in evaluating scapular dyskinesis. METHODS: Subjects with unilateral disorders of the shoulder (n = 186) who underwent plain-film radiography of bilateral scapulae were divided into 4 categories of scapular dyskinesis patterns according to the Kibler classification and analyzed. Coracoid upward shift distance (CUSD), length of the scapular spine line (LSS), and scapular upward rotation angle (SURA) were measured on the radiographs. Intrarater and inter-rater reliability were tested, and the characteristics of these parameters in each type were analyzed. The differences (d) between bilateral scapulae (d-CUSD, d-LSS, and d-SURA) among the 4 categories were compared. RESULTS: Intrarater and inter-rater reliability were excellent for all parameters. Significant differences between the scapulae were observed in CUSD in type I and in LSS in type II categories. No significant difference in any of the parameters was found in type III. Compared with the other categories, d-CUSD in type I and d-LSS in type II were significantly larger. The cutoff values of d-CUSD and d-LSS were 1.1 mm and 1.2 mm, respectively. No significant difference in d-SURA was found among the 4 categories. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of CUSD, LSS, and SURA on plain-film radiography had excellent reliability. d-CUSD and d-LSS were characteristic parameters of type I and type II, respectively; however, type III had no distinguishing characteristics among the parameters.