ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Human Papillomavirus (HPV), a prevalent sexually transmitted infection carrying significant risks ranging from benign lesions to various types of malignancies, represents a matter of great public health concern. Notably, most Arab countries lack public awareness campaigns or national immunization programs. This study aims at assessing the overall knowledge on HPV and HPV vaccination among the Lebanese population, exploring the prevalent attitude on the matter, and identifying barriers and misconceptions that prevent individuals from receiving the HPV vaccine. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Beirut, on 201 participants aged between 18 and 36 years old. We performed ordinal analysis to assess the trend between Knowledge levels, attitude levels and hesitancy Levels. RESULTS: Majority of participants (77%) demonstrated a low level of knowledge on HPV vaccination, 50% held a positive attitude, with only 18.4% being already vaccinated. Negative trend was identified between levels of knowledge, attitude and hesitancy (gamma = -0.7415, p-value < 0.01; gamma= -0.58, p-value < 0.01 respectively). Unavailability or limited access to the vaccine, and misconceptions about HPV immunization were shown to be impeding vaccination. CONCLUSION: Analysis of our results strongly suggests that improving knowledge and attitudes is likely to foster trust and reduce hesitancy, thereby promoting higher vaccine uptake.
Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Papillomavirus Infections , Papillomavirus Vaccines , Humans , Lebanon , Cross-Sectional Studies , Papillomavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Male , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Young Adult , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vaccination , Vaccination HesitancyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To diagnose fibromyalgia in patients with migraine and assess the quality of life of these patients. METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out, comparing groups, in a non-randomized sample, consisting of patients diagnosed with migraine. The sample was evaluated using the Widespread Pain Index (WPI) and Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) questionnaires to diagnose fibromyalgia. Quality of life and level of depression were assessed, respectively, using the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULTS: We interviewed 100 patients (5 men and 95 women) diagnosed with migraine, with a mean age of 37.1±11.0 years, ranging from 19 to 64 years. Thirty-four patients (34%) had migraine and fibromyalgia concomitantly. Migraine predominated in females, both in the presence and absence of fibromyalgia. In both groups, there was no difference in headache characteristics. In the group with fibromyalgia, there was a predominance of allodynia and a higher PHQ-9 score (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with migraine are more predisposed to depression when there is an association with fibromyalgia
OBJETIVO: Diagnosticar fibromialgia em pacientes com enxaqueca e avaliar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo, transversal, comparando grupos, em uma amostra não randomizada, composta por pacientes com diagnóstico de enxaqueca. A amostra foi avaliada por meio dos questionários Widespread Pain Index (WPI) e Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) para diagnóstico de fibromialgia. A qualidade de vida e o nível de depressão foram avaliados, respectivamente, por meio do Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) e do Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 100 pacientes (5 homens e 95 mulheres) com diagnóstico de enxaqueca, com idade média de 37,1±11,0 anos, variando de 19 a 64 anos. Trinta e quatro pacientes (34%) apresentavam enxaqueca e fibromialgia concomitantemente. A enxaqueca predominou no sexo feminino, tanto na presença como na ausência de fibromialgia. Em ambos os grupos, não houve diferença nas características da dor de cabeça. No grupo com fibromialgia houve predomínio de alodinia e maior escore no PHQ-9 (p<0,001). CONCLUSÕES: Pacientes com enxaqueca estão mais predispostos à depressão quando há associação com fibromialgia
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life/psychology , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Depression/therapy , Headache/complications , Health/classificationABSTRACT
Introduction: Propranolol was the first non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker to be developed. Initially it was used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but since the 60's it has been used in the prevention of migraine. Objective: The objective of this study was to know the history of propranolol and its use as a migraine prophylactic. Methods: This study was an integrative literature review using articles with historical data on propranolol, from its origin in cardiology to its indication in the preventive treatment of migraine. Results: Propranolol was described in 1962 for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In the same decade, it was prescribed for the preventive treatment of migraine and, recently, included in the consensus of the Brazilian Headache Society. Conclusion: Although propranolol was initially synthesized for the treatment of heart disease, it has proved to be an effective drug in preventing migraine attacks
Introdução: O propranolol foi o primeiro bloqueador beta-adrenérgico não seletivo a ser desenvolvido. Inicialmente era utilizado no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares, mas desde a década de 60 tem sido utilizado na prevenção de enxaquecas. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a história do propranolol e seu uso como profilático para enxaqueca. Métodos: Este estudo foi uma revisão integrativa da literatura utilizando artigos com dados históricos sobre o propranolol, desde sua origem na cardiologia até sua indicação no tratamento preventivo da enxaqueca. Resultados: O propranolol foi descrito em 1962 para o tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares. Na mesma década, foi prescrito para o tratamento preventivo da enxaqueca e, recentemente, incluído no consenso da Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia. Conclusão: Embora o propranolol tenha sido inicialmente sintetizado para o tratamento de doenças cardíacas, provou ser um medicamento eficaz na prevenção de crises de enxaqueca
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Headache is as old as the emergence of man on earth. A classification for headaches has been suggested for many centuries. After the invention of writing, numerous words were created to designate different types of headache. Objective: The objective of this review was to discuss the historical and etymological aspects of the terms "migrânea" and "enxaqueca". Methods: This study was an integrative review using articles with historical data on the etymology of the terms "migrânea" and "enxaqueca" and their evolution over the years. Results: The terms "migrânea" and "enxaqueca" have Greek and Arabic origins, respectively. Both describe a neurological syndrome characterized by headache and other associated symptoms. Usually, sufferers of this disease are more familiar with the term "enxaqueca" and confuse it with headache, while health professionals prefer the term "migrânea". Conclusions: After so many years that the term "migrânea" has been used, it would be a step backwards to use the term "enxaqueca" again, especially because "migrânea" has been adopted by young neurologists, including those from other specialties.
Introdução:A dor de cabeça é tão antiga quanto o surgimento do homem na terra. Uma classificação para dores de cabeça tem sido sugerida há muitos séculos. Após a invenção da escrita, inúmeras palavras foram criadas para designar diferentes tipos de dor de cabeça. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão foi discutir os aspectos históricos e etimológicos dos termos "migranânea" e "enxaqueca". Métodos: Este estudo foi uma revisão integrativa utilizando artigos com dados históricos sobre a etimologia dos termos "migranânea" e "enxaqueca" e sua evolução ao longo dos anos. Resultados: Os termos "migranânea" e "enxaqueca" têm origem grega e árabe, respectivamente. Ambos descrevem uma síndrome neurológica caracterizada por dor de cabeça e outros sintomas associados. Normalmente, quem sofre desta doença conhece mais o termo "enxaqueca" e confunde-o com dor de cabeça, enquanto os profissionais de saúde preferem o termo "migranânea". Conclusões: Depois de tantos anos de uso do termo "migranânea", seria um retrocesso usar novamente o termo "enxaqueca", até porque "migranânea" tem sido adotada por jovens neurologistas, inclusive de outras especialidades.
ABSTRACT
This paper assesses the morphological, structural and bio-physicochemical stability of natural rubber (NR) Hevea brasiliensis coatings incorporated with microparticles of calcium phosphate-based (CaP) bioactive ceramics. Optical and electronic spectroscopic imaging techniques were employed to successfully evaluate the NR encapsulation capability and the stability of the coating in a biologically relevant media for bio-related application, i.e., simulated body fluid (SBF). The chemical structure of the natural polymer, the microchemical environment at the NR-CaP interface and the morphology of the CaP clusters were fully characterized. Further, the response of the hybrid coating to SBF was evaluated by incubating the samples for 30â¯days. The hybrid coating formed on Si surface (inert substrate) exhibited both stability and biodegradability in different levels (time dependence), thus opening horizons for applications as coatings for both biomaterials and drug delivery systems.
Subject(s)
Calcium Phosphates/chemistry , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry , Materials Testing , Rubber/chemistry , Body Fluids/chemistry , Cell Proliferation , Cell Survival , Dynamic Light Scattering , Humans , Latex/chemistry , Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission , Spectrum Analysis, Raman , Stem Cells/cytologyABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de um primeiro pré-molar superior cujo paciente queixava-se de sensibilidade ao frio mesmo depois do tratamento endodôntico concluído. Com base nessas informaçöes procedeu-se o exame clínico e radiográfico, constatando no referido elemento dentário, reposta positiva ao teste de vitalidade pelo frio e, radiograficamente, a presença de três raízes, sendo que duas delas estavam corretamente obturadas e na terceira raiz, a mésio-vestibular, näo tinha sido executada a terapia endodôntica. Procedeu-se o tratamento endodôntico do referido canal radicular o que determinou o desaparecimento dos sintomas da paciente
