ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the detection of influenza viruses by three different methods. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from patients with influenza symptoms and examined for influenza A and B viruses using a rapid antigen test, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and a shell vial cell culture test. RESULTS: Using the shell vial cell culture test, the rapid antigen test and the multiplex PCR test in 130 patients, 31 (23.8%), 24 (18.5%) and 24 (18.5%) samples, respectively, were positive for influenza A and 10 (7.7%), nine (6.9%) and four (3.1%) samples, respectively, were positive for influenza B. Compared with the shell vial test, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the rapid antigen test were 77.4%, 93.3%, 80.0% and 93.1%, respectively, for influenza A, and 90.0%, 95.8%, 64.2% and 99.1%, respectively, for influenza B. The corresponding values for the multiplex PCR test were 77.4%, 95.9%, 85.7% and 93.1%, respectively, for influenza A, and 40.0%, 97.5%, 57.1% and 95.1%, respectively, for influenza B. CONCLUSIONS: The multiplex PCR test and the rapid antigen test are both effective in the detection of influenza A and B viruses.
Subject(s)
Influenza A virus/isolation & purification , Influenza B virus/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Dogs , Female , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Humans , Immunoassay , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Influenza A virus/genetics , Influenza A virus/immunology , Influenza B virus/genetics , Influenza B virus/immunology , Influenza, Human/virology , Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells , Male , Middle Aged , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Nasopharynx/virology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Virus Cultivation , Young AdultABSTRACT
In this study, 162 horses, 80 donkeys and 51 mule serum samples were collected in Konya city. Additionally, 64 horse serum samples from Ankara and 49 samples from Kayseri city were included in the study. A total of 406 serum samples were examined by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) and no positive result was detected.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Equidae , Equine Infectious Anemia/epidemiology , Animals , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Female , Horses , Immunodiffusion/methods , Immunodiffusion/veterinary , Male , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Turkey/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Some production parameters of seropositive cows (age, first calving age, 305 day mature equivalent last milk yield production, lifetime mature equivalent milk yield production, lifetime total milk production, lifetime total milking period, lifetime monthly milk production, lifetime daily milk production, lifetime total days of milking, number of inseminations per pregnancy (for last pregnancy), number of calves and calving interval (for last pregnancy)) were analysed in the current study. The study population was clinically healthy Holstein cows from a commercial dairy herd in southern Turkey. Of 109 animals, 65 cows were seropositive by ELISA and the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection was 59.6%. The prevalence of seropositive cows in 2nd (62.8%), 3rd (64.7%), 4th (61.5%), and 5th (66.6 %) lactations was slightly higher than that of cows in 1st (52.6%) lactations. No statistical differences were observed between BLV seronegative and seropositive cows for production and reproduction parameters analysed in this study (P > 0.05).
