Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 689
Filter
1.
BMC Cancer ; 24(1): 598, 2024 May 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38755535

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Results regarding whether it is essential to incorporate genetic variants into risk prediction models for esophageal cancer (EC) are inconsistent due to the different genetic backgrounds of the populations studied. We aimed to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with EC among the Chinese population and to evaluate the performance of genetic and non-genetic factors in a risk model for developing EC. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed to systematically identify potential SNPs, which were further verified by a case-control study. Three risk models were developed: a genetic model with weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) based on promising SNPs, a non-genetic model with environmental risk factors, and a combined model including both genetic and non-genetic factors. The discrimination ability of the models was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the net reclassification index (NRI). The Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to assess the goodness-of-fit of the models. RESULTS: Five promising SNPs were ultimately utilized to calculate the wGRS. Individuals in the highest quartile of the wGRS had a 4.93-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.59 to 9.38) increased risk of EC compared with those in the lowest quartile. The genetic or non-genetic model identified EC patients with AUCs ranging from 0.618 to 0.650. The combined model had an AUC of 0.707 (95% CI: 0.669 to 0.743) and was the best-fitting model (AIC = 750.55, BIC = 759.34). The NRI improved when the wGRS was added to the risk model with non-genetic factors only (NRI = 0.082, P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: Among the three risk models for EC, the combined model showed optimal predictive performance and can help to identify individuals at risk of EC for tailored preventive measures.


Subject(s)
Asian People , Esophageal Neoplasms , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Humans , Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics , Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Case-Control Studies , China/epidemiology , Asian People/genetics , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment/methods , ROC Curve , Gene-Environment Interaction , East Asian People
2.
Cancer Med ; 13(9): e7230, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38698686

ABSTRACT

AIMS: This study aimed to investigate environmental factors and genetic variant loci associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese population and construct a weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) and polygenic risk score (PRS). METHODS: A case-control study was applied to confirm the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and environmental variables linked to HCC in the Chinese population, which had been screened by meta-analyses. wGRS and PRS were built in training sets and validation sets. Area under the curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were applied to evaluate the performance of the models. RESULTS: A total of 13 SNPs were included in both risk prediction models. Compared with wGRS, PRS had better accuracy and discrimination ability in predicting HCC risk. The AUC for PRS in combination with drinking history, cirrhosis, HBV infection, and family history of HCC in training sets and validation sets (AUC: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.84-0.89; AUC: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.89) increased at least 20% than the AUC for PRS alone (AUC: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.60-0.67; AUC: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.60-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: A novel model combining PRS with alcohol history, HBV infection, cirrhosis, and family history of HCC could be applied as an effective tool for risk prediction of HCC, which could discriminate at-risk individuals for precise prevention.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Liver Neoplasms , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Humans , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology , Liver Neoplasms/genetics , Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Male , Female , Middle Aged , China/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Asian People/genetics , Risk Assessment , Multifactorial Inheritance , Aged , Gene-Environment Interaction , East Asian People
3.
Diagn Pathol ; 19(1): 69, 2024 May 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38773600

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) stands out as the most prevalent epithelial malignant thyroid tumor. Thyroid primary follicular lymphoma (PFL) represents a rare malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissues. The concurrent occurrence of PTC and PFL is exceptionally rare, particularly in the context of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, presenting significant challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. CASE DEMONSTRATION: A 44-year-old female patient presented with a neck mass persisting for over 1 month. The patient underwent surgery, and the incised tissues were subjected to pathology examinations, along with immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing tests suggestive of an EZH2 gene mutation in the tumor cells. The final pathological diagnosis confirmed the presence of PTC combined with PFL. Following a 27-month follow-up, the patient displayed no signs of recurrence or metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: The concurrent occurrence of PTC and PFL poses notable challenges in clinical practice, requiring careful consideration in diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we present a rare case of PTC combined with PFL featuring an EZH2 gene mutation, which can be easily overlooked in the context of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The patient's favorable response to surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies in similar cases.


Subject(s)
Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein , Lymphoma, Follicular , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary , Thyroid Neoplasms , Humans , Female , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/genetics , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnosis , Adult , Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology , Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics , Lymphoma, Follicular/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Follicular/complications , Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/genetics , Mutation , Immunohistochemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Thyroidectomy
4.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; : e202407613, 2024 May 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38736299

ABSTRACT

Anion-exchange membrane fuel cells provide the possibility to use platinum group metal-free catalysts, but the anodic hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) suffers from sluggish kinetics and its source is still debated. Here, over nickel-tungsten (Ni-W) alloy catalysts, we show that the Ni:W ratio greatly governs the HOR performance in alkaline electrolyte. Experimental and theoretical studies unravel that alloying with W can tune the unpaired electrons in Ni, tailoring the potential of zero charge and the catalytic surface to favor hydroxyl adsorption (OHad). The OHad species coordinately interact with potassium (K+) ions, which break the K+ solvation sheath to leave free water molecules, yielding an improved connectivity of hydrogen-bond networks. Consequently, the optimal Ni17W3 alloy exhibits alkaline HOR activity superior to the state-of-the-art platinum on carbon (Pt/C) catalyst and operates steadily with negligible decay after 10,000 cycles. Our findings offer new understandings of alloyed HOR catalysts and will guide rational design of next-generation catalysts for fuel cells.

5.
Mater Today Bio ; 26: 101090, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38800564

ABSTRACT

Hyperpigmentation (HP) is an unfavorable skin disease that typically caused by injury, inflammation, or photoaging and leads to numerous physical and psychological issues in patients. Recently, development and application of natural whitening substances, particularly compound curcumin (CUR), is one of the most prevalent treatments for HP. However, it is still a formidable challenge to improve the percutaneous delivery of CUR due to its inadequate solubility in water and excellent barrier function of skin. To overcome the limitations of conventional delivery and increase the percutaneous absorption of CUR, the efficient delivery of CUR is urgently required. Herein, we developed a new malic acid-sorbitol deep eutectic solvent (MS/DES) gel microneedle loaded with CUR as a transdermal delivery system for HP treatment. The MS/DES gel produces three-dimensional (3D) network structure by self-assembly of hydrogen bond interactions, which conferred the CUR-MS/DES-GMN with sufficient mechanical properties to successfully penetrate skin tissue while also helping to enhance the drug's release rate. The CUR-MS/DES-GMN exhibit high biocompatibility and mechanical property in vivo of mice. The zebrafish experiments also show that CUR-MS/DES gel has significant effect of anti-pigmentation. Therefore, the designed CUR-MS/DES-GMN system provides a novel strategy for HP treatment based on self-assembly of naturally molecules.

6.
Arthritis Rheumatol ; 2024 Apr 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38589318

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily-related protein (GITR), with its ligand (GITRL), plays an important role in CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmunity. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of GITRL in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). METHODS: Patients with pSS and healthy controls were recruited. Serum GITRL and Th17-related cytokines were determined. RNA sequencing was performed to decipher key signal pathways. Nonobese diabetes (NOD) mice were adopted as experimental Sjögren models and recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) transduction was conducted to verify the therapeutic potentials of targeting GITRL in vivo. RESULTS: Serum GITRL was significantly higher in patients with pSS and showed a positive correlation with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, autoantibodies, lung involvement, and disease activity. Serum GITRL was correlated with Th17-related cytokines. GITRL promoted the expansion of Th17 and Th17.1 cells. Expansion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor positive (GM-CSF+) CD4+ T cells induced by GITRL could be inhibited by blockade of GITRL. Moreover, GM-CSF could stimulate GITRL expression on monocytes. RNA sequencing revealed mammalian target of rapamycin complexes 1 (mTORC1) might be the key modulator. The increased phosphorylation of S6 and STAT3 and the expansion of Th17 and Th17.1 cells induced by GITRL were effectively inhibited by rapamycin, suggesting a GITRL-mTORC1-GM-CSF positive loop in pathogenic Th17 response in pSS. Administration of an rAAV vector expressing short hairpin RNA targeting GITRL alleviated disease progression in NOD mice. CONCLUSION: Our results identified the pathogenic role of GITRL in exacerbating disease activity and promoting pathogenic Th17 response in pSS through a GITRL-mTORC1-GM-CSF loop. These findings suggest GITRL might be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of pSS.

7.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 9757, 2024 04 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38684875

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to identify novel autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and explore a diagnostic panel for Ovarian cancer (OC). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression of five anti-TAA autoantibodies in the discovery (70 OC and 70 normal controls) and validation cohorts (128 OC and 128 normal controls). Machine learning methods were used to construct a diagnostic panel. Serum samples from 81 patients with benign ovarian disease were used to identify the specificity of anti-TAA autoantibodies for OC. In both the discovery and validation cohorts, the expression of anti-CFL1, anti-EZR, anti-CYPA, and anti-PFN1 was higher in patients with OC than that in normal controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity of the panel containing anti-CFL1, anti-EZR, and anti-CYPA were 0.762, 55.56%, and 81.31%. The panel identified 53.06%, 53.33%, and 51.11% of CA125 negative, HE4 negative and the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm negative OC patients, respectively. The combination of the three anti-TAA autoantibodies can serve as a favorable diagnostic tool for OC and has the potential to be a complementary biomarker for CA125 and HE4 in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.


Subject(s)
Autoantibodies , Biomarkers, Tumor , Ovarian Neoplasms , Humans , Female , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology , Ovarian Neoplasms/blood , Autoantibodies/blood , Autoantibodies/immunology , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology , Middle Aged , Adult , Aged , Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology , Antigens, Neoplasm/blood , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Case-Control Studies , CA-125 Antigen/blood , CA-125 Antigen/immunology
8.
J Orthop Sci ; 2024 Apr 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38565448

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine risk factors for poor in-hospital outcomes in a large cohort of older adult patients with acute non-traffic traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). METHODS: This is a population-based, retrospective, observational study. Data of older adults ≥65 years with a primary discharge diagnosis of acute non-traffic tSCI were extracted from the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2005-2018. Traffic-related tSCI admissions or patients lacking complete data on age, sex and outcomes of interest were excluded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between variables and in-hospital outcomes. RESULTS: Data of 49,449 older patients (representing 246,939 persons in the US) were analyzed. The mean age was 79.9 years. Multivariable analyses revealed that severe International Classification of Disease (ICD)-based injury severity score (ICISS) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.77-3.57), quadriplegia (aOR = 2.79, 95%CI: 2.34-3.32), paraplegia (aOR = 2.60, 95%CI:1.89-3.58), cervical injury with vertebral fracture (aOR = 2.19, 95%CI: 1.90-2.52), and severe liver disease (aOR = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.34-4.04) were all strong independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In addition, malnutrition (aOR = 3.19, 95% CI: 2.93-3.48) was the strongest predictors of prolonged length of stay (LOS). CONCLUSIONS: Several critical factors for in-hospital mortality, unfavorable discharge, and prolonged LOS among US older adults with acute non-traffic tSCI were identified. In addition to the factors associated with initial severity, the presence of severe liver disease and malnutrition emerged as strong predictors of unfavorable outcomes, highlighting the need for special attention for these patient subgroups.

9.
Biomed Rep ; 20(5): 78, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38590946

ABSTRACT

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is the most effective way to prevent COVID-19. However, for chronic kidney disease patients on long-term dialysis, there is a lack of evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of the immune response to the vaccine. The present meta-analysis explores the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccine in the immune response of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing dialysis. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. Data analysis was performed using REVMAN 5.1s and Stata14 software. Baseline data and endpoint events were extracted, mainly including age, sex, dialysis vintage, body mass index (BMI), vaccine type and dose, history of COVID-19 infection, seropositivity rate, antibody titer, pain at injection site, headache and other safety events. The meta-analysis included 33 trials involving 81,348 patients. The immune efficacy of patients with CKD and dialysis was 80% (95 CI, 73-87%). The seropositivity rate of individuals without COVID-19 infection was 76.48% (3,824/5,000), while the seropositivity rate of individuals with COVID-19 infection was 80.82% (1,858/2,299). The standard mean difference of antibody titers in CKD and dialysis patients with or without COVID-19 infection was 27.73 (95% CI, -19.58-75.04). A total of nine studies reported the most common adverse events: Pain at the injection site, accounting for 18% (95 CI, 6-29%), followed by fatigue and headache, accounting for 8 (95 CI, 4-13%) and 6% (95 CI, 2-9%), respectively. COVID-19 vaccine benefitted patients with CKD undergoing dialysis with seropositivity rate ≥80%. Adverse events such as fatigue, headache, and pain at the injection site may occur after COVID-19 vaccination but the incidence is low.

10.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 8176, 2024 04 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38589505

ABSTRACT

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) usually leads to quadriceps femoris atrophy, which in turn can further aggravate the progression of KOA. Curcumin (CUR) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and has been shown to be a protective agent for skeletal muscle. CUR has been shown to have a protective effect on skeletal muscle. However, there are no studies related to whether CUR improves KOA-induced quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy. We established a model of KOA in rats. Rats in the experimental group were fed CUR for 5 weeks. Changes in autophagy levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and changes in the expression of the Sirutin3 (SIRT3)-superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) pathway were detected in the quadriceps femoris muscle of rats. KOA led to quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy, in which autophagy was induced and ROS levels were increased. CUR increased SIRT3 expression, decreased SOD2 acetylation and ROS levels, inhibited the over-activation of autophagy, thereby alleviating quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy and improving KOA. CUR has a protective effect against quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy, and KOA is alleviated after improvement of quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy, with the possible mechanism being the reduction of ROS-induced autophagy via the SIRT3-SOD2 pathway.


Subject(s)
Curcumin , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Sirtuin 3 , Superoxide Dismutase , Rats , Animals , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology , Quadriceps Muscle/metabolism , Sirtuin 3/metabolism , Curcumin/pharmacology , Muscular Atrophy/drug therapy , Muscular Atrophy/pathology , Autophagy , Signal Transduction
11.
Front Nutr ; 11: 1366843, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38567253

ABSTRACT

Background: Metabolically Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) marks a progression from the previous paradigm of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), presenting a redefined diagnostic framework that accentuates metabolic factors while recognizing non-alcoholic contributors. In our investigation, our principal aim was to scrutinize the conceivable correlation between diverse serum folate levels and the prevalence of MAFLD and liver fibrosis. Methods: In our investigation, we conducted an extensive analysis utilizing data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) across the years 2017-2020. We aimed to investigate the association between different serum folate concentrations and the prevalence of MAFLD and liver fibrosis by comprehensive multivariate analysis. This analytical approach considered various variables, encompassing sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, hypertension, and diabetes. By including these potential confounders in our analysis, we aimed to ensure the stability of the findings regarding the association between different serum folate concentrations and the development of MAFLD and liver fibrosis. Results: In our investigation, we utilized multiple linear regression models to thoroughly analyze the data, revealing noteworthy insights. Evidently, elevated levels of both total folate and 5-MTHF exhibited a distinct negative correlation with CAP, while 5-MTHF demonstrated a notable negative correlation with LSM. Furthermore, multiple logistic regression models were employed for an in-depth examination of the data. As the concentrations of total folate and 5-MTHF in the serum increased, a substantial decrease in the likelihood of MAFLD and liver fibrosis occurrence was observed. Conclusion: The findings of this investigation robustly suggest the prevalence of MAFLD and liver fibrosis decreased significantly with the increase of serum concentrations of total folate and 5-MTHF.

12.
Oncol Lett ; 27(5): 194, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38495832

ABSTRACT

Apatinib plus chemotherapy demonstrates good efficacy in multiple advanced carcinomas; however, its use in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not yet been assessed. The present study evaluated the potential benefits of apatinib plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced LUAD. A total of 145 patients with advanced LUAD and negative driver genes who received apatinib plus chemotherapy (n=65) or chemotherapy alone (n=80) were analyzed. The overall response rate was significantly improved by apatinib plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone (53.8 vs. 36.3%; P=0.034). Moreover, progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in patients who received apatinib plus chemotherapy, compared with those who received chemotherapy alone [median (95% CI), 13.4 months (11.5-15.3) vs. 8.2 months (6.9-9.5); P<0.001], as was overall survival (OS) [median (95% CI), 23.1 months (not reached) vs. 17.0 months (14.6-19.4; P=0.001). Following adjustment by multivariate Cox regression analysis, apatinib plus chemotherapy was associated with a significantly longer PFS [hazard ratio (HR), 0.444; P<0.001] and OS (HR, 0.347; P<0.001), compared with chemotherapy alone. Subgroup analyses revealed that PFS and OS were significantly improved following apatinib plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone (all P<0.05) in patients receiving first- or second-line treatment. Notably, the incidence of hypertension was significantly increased following apatinib plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone (43.1 vs. 25.0%; P=0.021), whereas the incidence of other adverse events was not significantly different between the two treatment groups (all P>0.05). In conclusion, apatinib plus chemotherapy is associated with an improved treatment response and survival compared with chemotherapy alone, with a tolerable safety profile in patients with advanced LUAD.

13.
BMC Cancer ; 24(1): 283, 2024 Mar 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38431566

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the expression of UBQLN1 in lung cancer (LC) tissue and the diagnostic capability of autoantibody to UBQLN1 (anti-UBQLN1) in the detection of LC and the discrimination of pulmonary nodules (PNs). METHODS: Sera from 798 participants were used to discover and validate the level of autoantibodies via HuProt microarray and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression analysis was applied to establish model. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect UBQLN1 expression in 88 LC tissues and 88 para-tumor tissues. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to detect the expression of UBQLN1 at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Trans-well assay and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to investigate the function of UBQLN1. RESULTS: Anti-UBQLN1 was identified with the highest fold change by protein microarray. The level of anti-UBQLN1 in LC patients was obviously higher than that in NC or patients with benign lung disease of validation cohort 1 (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of anti-UBQLN1 was 0.610 (95%CI: 0.508-0.713) while reached at 0.822 (95%CI: 0.784-0.897) when combining anti-UBQLN1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1, CA125 and three CT indicators (vascular notch sign, lobulation sign and mediastinal lymph node enlargement) in the discrimination of PNs. UBQLN1 protein was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to para-tumor tissues. UBQLN1 knockdown remarkably inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of LUAD cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-UBQLN1 might be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of LC and the discrimination of PNs.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Lung Neoplasms , Multiple Pulmonary Nodules , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Immunity, Humoral , Antigens, Neoplasm , Keratin-19 , Biomarkers, Tumor , Autophagy-Related Proteins/genetics , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
14.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila) ; 17(5): 227-235, 2024 May 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38489403

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and to develop a new combination with good diagnostic performance. This study was divided into four phases: discovery, verification, validation, and modeling. A total of four candidate tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAb; anti-ZIC2, anti-PCNA, anti-CDC37L1, and anti-DUSP6) were identified by human proteome microarray (52 samples) and bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, these candidate TAAbs were further confirmed by indirect ELISA with two testing cohorts (120 samples for verification and 663 samples for validation). The AUC for these four TAAbs to identify patients with HBV-HCC from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients ranged from 0.693 to 0.739. Finally, a diagnostic panel with three TAAbs (anti-ZIC2, anti-CDC37L1, and anti-DUSP6) was developed. This panel showed superior diagnostic efficiency in identifying early HBV-HCC compared with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), with an AUC of 0.834 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.772-0.897] for this panel and 0.727 (95% CI, 0.642-0.812) for AFP (P = 0.0359). In addition, the AUC for this panel to identify AFP-negative patients with HBV-HCC was 0.796 (95% CI, 0.734-0.858), with a sensitivity of 52.4% and a specificity of 89.0%. Importantly, the panel in combination with AFP significantly increased the positive rate for early HBV-HCC to 84.1% (P = 0.005) and for late HBV-HCC to 96.3% (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that AFP and the autoantibody panel may be independent but complementary serologic biomarkers for HBV-HCC detection. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: We developed a robust diagnostic panel for identifying patients with HBV-HCC from patients with CHB. This autoantibody panel provided superior diagnostic performance for HBV-HCC at an early stage and/or with negative AFP results. Our findings suggest that AFP and the autoantibody panel may be independent but complementary biomarkers for HBV-HCC detection.


Subject(s)
Autoantibodies , Biomarkers, Tumor , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Early Detection of Cancer , Hepatitis B virus , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Liver Neoplasms , alpha-Fetoproteins , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis , alpha-Fetoproteins/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , Autoantibodies/immunology , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/virology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hepatitis B virus/immunology , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis B, Chronic/immunology , Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology , Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis B, Chronic/blood , Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/virology , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/immunology , Liver Neoplasms/blood , Aged
15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38481114

ABSTRACT

Regenerative medicine aims to restore the function of diseased or damaged tissues and organs by cell therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering, along with the adjunctive application of bioactive molecules. Traditional bioactive molecules, such as growth factors and cytokines, have shown great potential in the regulation of cellular and tissue behavior, but have the disadvantages of limited source, high cost, short half-life, and side effects. In recent years, herbal compounds extracted from natural plants/herbs have gained increasing attention. This is not only because herbal compounds are easily obtained, inexpensive, mostly safe, and reliable, but also owing to their excellent effects, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidative, proangiogenic behavior and ability to promote stem cell differentiation. Such effects also play important roles in the processes related to tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the moieties of the herbal compounds can form physical or chemical bonds with the scaffolds, which contributes to improved mechanical strength and stability of the scaffolds. Thus, the incorporation of herbal compounds as bioactive molecules in biomaterials is a promising direction for future regenerative medicine applications. Herein, an overview on the use of bioactive herbal compounds combined with different biomaterial scaffolds for regenerative medicine application is presented. We first introduce the classification, structures, and properties of different herbal bioactive components and then provide a comprehensive survey on the use of bioactive herbal compounds to engineer scaffolds for tissue repair/regeneration of skin, cartilage, bone, neural, and heart tissues. Finally, we highlight the challenges and prospects for the future development of herbal scaffolds toward clinical translation. Overall, it is believed that the combination of bioactive herbal compounds with biomaterials could be a promising perspective for the next generation of regenerative medicine.

16.
Sleep Med ; 117: 131-138, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38531168

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study was to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of circadian rhythm change on the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. METHODS: A total of 80 male SPF-grade 4-week C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet normal light/dark cycle (ND-LD) and high-fat diet all dark (HFD-DD) groups. Weight measurements were taken weekly, and after 24 weeks of intervention, 24 mice from both groups were randomly selected and analyzed. Additionally, the remaining mice in the HFD-DD group were divided into two groups: one group continued the high-fat all-dark treatment (HFD-DD-DD), and the other group was restored to normal light/dark cycle treatment (HFD-DD-LD). Mice were euthanized after a total of 48 weeks of intervention. Measurements were taken for each mouse including liver function serum indicators, liver tissue pathological sections, rhythm-related proteins, and determination of the gut microbiota community. RESULTS: The HFD induced NAFLD in mice, exhibiting symptoms such as obesity, lipid and glucose metabolism disorders, elevated liver enzymes, and decreased gut microbiota diversity. The composition of the gut microbiota was significantly different from that of the normal diet group, with a significant increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides. Restoration of normal light/dark cycles exacerbated the disorder of lipid metabolism, liver steatosis, and the expression of BMAL1 in mice and significantly reduced the diversity of gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS: Circadian rhythm changes aggravate the development of NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet by affecting glucose metabolism, liver steatosis, and gut microbiota diversity. Restoration of normal circadian rhythm did not improve NAFLD. Our findings open up new avenues for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of NAFLD.


Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Male , Animals , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Liver/metabolism , Liver/pathology , Circadian Rhythm
18.
WIREs Mech Dis ; : e1644, 2024 Mar 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38508867

ABSTRACT

Solute carrier family 40 member 1 (SLC40A1) plays an essential role in transporting iron from intracellular to extracellular environments. When SLC40A1 expression is abnormal, cellular iron metabolism becomes dysregulated, resulting in an overload of intracellular iron, which induces cell ferroptosis. Numerous studies have confirmed that ferroptosis is closely associated with the development of many diseases. Here, we review recent findings on SLC40A1 in ferroptosis and its association with various diseases, intending to explore new directions for research on disease pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment. This article is categorized under: Cancer > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Metabolic Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.

19.
Adv Healthc Mater ; : e2304118, 2024 Feb 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38412457

ABSTRACT

The burden of bacterial wound infections has considerably increased due to antibiotic resistance to most of the currently available antimicrobial drugs. Herein, for the first time, a chemical coupling of two cationic N-aryl (pyridyl and aminocinnamyl) chitosan derivatives to antimicrobial peptide dendrimers (AMPDs) of different generations (first, second, and third) via thioether-haloacetyl reaction is reported. The new chitosan-AMPD conjugates show high selectivity by killing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and very low toxicity toward mammalian cells, as well as extremely low hemolysis to red blood cells. Electron microscopy reveals that the new chitosan derivatives coupled to AMPD destroy both the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative P. aeruginosa. Moreover, chitosan-AMPD conjugates show synergetic effects within extremely low concentrations. The new chitosan-AMPD conjugates can be used as potent antimicrobial therapeutic agents, to eradicate pathogens such as those present in acute and chronic infected wounds.

20.
Ann Med ; 56(1): 2309607, 2024 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38300888

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests that differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in immune cells of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Hsa_circ_0000479 has been studied in the field of cancer and infection, whereas seldom studied in autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and clinical value of neutrophil hsa_circ_0000479 in SLE. METHODS: The expression levels of hsa_circ_0000479 in both healthy individuals and SLE patients' neutrophils were detected by qPCR and compared with those in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) . In addition, the correlation of hsa_circ_0000479 levels in neutrophils with the clinical and immunological features of SLE patients was also analysed. RESULTS: The expression levels of hsa_circ_0000479 in the patients with SLE were significantly higher in neutrophils than that of PBMCs, and also significantly higher than that in healthy controls (HCs). Moreover, the expression levels of hsa_circ_0000479 in neutrophils were negatively associated with absolute neutrophil count and complement 3 (C3), whereas positively correlated with anti-dsDNA and anti-nucleosome antibodies in SLE. In addition, SLE patients with higher levels of hsa_circ_0000479 demonstrated more several clinical manifestations, including Raynaud's phenomenon, alopecia and leucopenia. CONCLUSIONS: Hsa_circ_0000479 is up-regulated in neutrophils of SLE patients, and is also associated with several important laboratory indicators and clinical manifestations, suggesting that hsa_circ_0000479 in neutrophils was one of probable factors involved in the pathogenesis of SLE with potential clinical value.


Hsa_circ_0000479 was expressed in neutrophils and was considerably higher than that of PBMCs in SLE patients.The neutrophil hsa_circ_0000479 was correlated with laboratory parameters, including NEUT, C3, anti-dsDNA antibodies and AnuA, in addition to being associated with Raynaud's phenomenon, alopecia, and leucopenia in patients with SLE.Hsa_circ_0000479 in neutrophils may play an influential role in SLE patients and will be important to understand the pathogenesis, stratification and treatment in SLE.


Subject(s)
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Neutrophils , Humans , Neutrophils/metabolism , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , RNA, Circular/metabolism , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics , Leukocyte Count
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...