ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of thermal insulation nursing in the operating room on preventing hypothermia during laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Sixty colorectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection from June 2022 to August 2023 were included. The research group received thermal insulation nursing interventions using medical heaters and infusion heaters, while the control group received routine nursing measures. Clinical data including vital signs, intraoperative and postoperative complications, recovery time, nursing satisfaction, and psychological and sleep status were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Thirty minutes after skin incision, both groups showed decreased body temperature, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to pre-surgery levels, with no significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). However, the research group exhibited lower rates of intraoperative hypothermia, postoperative infection, and other complications, as well as shorter postoperative recovery times, hospital stays, anxiety, and depression scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the research group demonstrated higher comfort scores, shorter sleep latency, longer actual sleep time, and higher nursing satisfaction rate (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Thermal insulation nursing intervention in the operating room during laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer contributes to maintaining vital signs, preventing intraoperative hypothermia, reducing postoperative complications, expediting recovery, and improving psychological well-being and sleep quality. This intervention enhances patient comfort and nursing satisfaction in perioperative care.
ABSTRACT
This paper identifies the health penalty experienced by girls due to having a brother from endogenous sibling gender composition. We propose a girls-to-girls comparison strategy and rule out the confounding effect from the sibship size, birth interval, and birth order. Employing an instrumental variable approach and data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies, we find that girls with a brother are demonstrably shorter and report poorer health. This "brother's penalty" manifests even prenatally. Alternative explanations, such as birth order disadvantages, are carefully addressed and ruled out. The results hold even after excluding gender-neutral ethnic minorities. This observed penalty is likely attributed to unequal resource allocation within families and potential parental neglect. This penalty is amplified in families with lower income and maternal education, implying resource constraints contribute to gender discrimination. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing intrafamily gender bias for ensuring equal opportunities and health outcomes. Clinical trial registration: Not applicable.
Subject(s)
Rural Population , Siblings , Humans , Female , China , Male , Adolescent , Sexism , Child , Health Status , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
AIMS: Press freedom around the globe has deteriorated over the past decade, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper explores the effect of press freedom, as a cornerstone of democracy, on life expectancy. METHODS: Exploring cross-country data, we use the ordinary least square method to estimate the association between press freedom and life expectancy. In addition, we adopt three novel instrumental variables to explore the causal relationship. RESULTS: Our estimations indicate that a freer press leads to higher life expectancy, and the effect exists independently of the level of democracy. In addition, the effect of continuous exposure to press freedom is stronger than sporadic free press status. The results are robust to measurement errors, influential outliers, and country-specific heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the fundamental role of press freedom in promoting public health that was previously underexplored. Therefore, enhancing freedom of expression can be an effective tool to address three of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, that is, reduce under-five mortality, improve maternal health, and combat HIV/AIDS.JEL:I1 H7 D02.
ABSTRACT
Ultra-narrow pulses serve as critical components in numerous applications. These pulses have ultra-fast leading edges that typically function as precision trigger signals to synchronize various instruments. Ultra-narrow pulses inherently exhibit an ultra-wide bandwidth, gaining significant attention in diverse electronic systems encompassing communications, radar imaging, electronic warfare, and others. Although several techniques have been explored for generating ultra-narrow pulses, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) offer a promising alternative in terms of flexibility and integration. This study introduces a scalable delay pulse synchronizer method with a resolution of 23 ps. A programmable, successive, narrow pulse sequence operating at a 1-GHz repetition frequency is implemented within a monolithic FPGA. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using an existing board with a general commercial FPGA in the laboratory. This new method presents a convenient and efficient approach of achieving ultra-narrow pulse synchronization, being applicable across various fields.
