ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to document the clinical profile, etiologies, and outcomes of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study on cases of SJS/TEN treated in dermatology departments and/or intensive care units in four sub-Saharan African countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, and Togo) from 2000 to 2010. The study focuses on variables such as age, sex, type of SJS/TEN, epidermal detachment of the skin surface, HIV status, drug(s) involved, and outcomes (death and sequelae). RESULTS: This study identified 177 cases of SJS/TEN from 2000 to 2010: 129 with SJS; 37 TEN; and 11 overlapping SJS/TEN. The average age of patients was 32.3 ± 15.4 years, and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.6. HIV serology was positive in 69 (54.8%) of the 126 patients tested. Antibacterial sulfonamides (38.4%) were the most commonly used drugs followed by nevirapine (19.8%) and tuberculosis drugs (5.6%). We recorded 22 deaths (i.e. six cases of SJS, 15 of TEN, and one of overlapping SJS/TEN). Of the 22 patients who died, 16 were infected with HIV; among them, seven had an opportunistic infection (four cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis and three of pulmonary tuberculosis). Twenty-seven cases of sequelae were noted with a large part of eye complications. CONCLUSION: This study has highlighted: (i) the high proportion of patients infected with HIV among patients who had SJS/TEN in sub-Saharan Africa; (ii) the high frequency of antiretroviral drugs as new SJS/TEN causes in sub-Saharan Africa; and (iii) the impact of HIV infection on morbidity and mortality of these affections.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Antitubercular Agents/adverse effects , HIV Seropositivity/drug therapy , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Africa South of the Sahara , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brain Diseases/drug therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Eye Diseases/etiology , Female , HIV Seropositivity/complications , Humans , Infant , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Nevirapine/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/complications , Sulfonamides/adverse effects , Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Young AdultABSTRACT
Nous rapportons un cas de condylomes acuminés chez un nourrisson de sexe masculin âgé de 16 mois. Les condylomes acuminés constituent la plus fréquente des Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles.Si un abus sexuel est fortement suspecté chez notre patient, il n'en demeure pas moins que ces lésions peuvent être également manu portées ou de contamination per partum. Les condylomes d'origine sexuelle sont habituellement retrouvés chez les enfants de sexe féminin et à un âge plus avancé que celui de notre patient qui est de sexe masculin
