ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Lock to Live is an interactive web-based lethal means safety decision aid that promotes temporary storage of firearms and medications. It has primarily been provided to suicidal patients in emergency department settings. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the Lock to Live decision aid with hospitalized adults at increased risk of suicide. METHODS: Subjects provided demographic information and completed the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale after which they completed the Lock to Live program followed by a survey. RESULTS: Twenty participants were recruited for this study, 5 of whom had access to firearms and 19 of whom had access to medications. Lock to Live was feasible to use as the mean length of time to complete the program was 10.0±5.3 minutes. It was acceptable to most participants as 75% of participants found it to be easy to use, and 65% of participants agreed that Lock to Live was helpful in making a decision about changing access to firearms/medications. CONCLUSION: Lock 2 Live decision aid appears to be a feasible and acceptable tool for hospitalized patients at risk for suicide.
Subject(s)
Firearms , Suicide , Humans , Adult , Feasibility Studies , Suicidal Ideation , Decision Support Techniques , InternetABSTRACT
Vasculopathy in patients with neurofibromatosis-1 are rare but serious and have potentially life-threatening complications. It mostly involves the thoracic, abdominal and intracranial vessels. In this case study we describe the first reported case of spontaneous intestinal haematoma in a young male patient. The first episode occurred at the age of 30, following which 2 years later the second episode was noted at the same anatomical site, which was spontaneous without any inciting event.
Subject(s)
Duodenal Diseases/etiology , Hematoma/etiology , Neurofibromatosis 1/complications , Adult , Duodenal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Hematoma/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Radiography , RecurrenceABSTRACT
In published studies, cohorts of patients with bacteremia due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) have predominantly been infected with Enterococcus faecium. Little is known about the epidemiology and outcomes associated with bacteremia due to VR Enterococcus faecalis. A retrospective study of isolates obtained from January 2008 to October 2010 was conducted at Detroit Medical Center (DMC). Unique patients with blood cultures positive for VRE were reviewed. Outcomes were analyzed using logistic regression. During the study period, 105 cases of bacteremia due to VR E. faecalis and 197 cases of bacteremia due to VR E. faecium were identified. The mean age in the study cohort was 61.5 ± 15 years; 162 subjects (53.6%) were male. After controlling for a propensity score, bacteremia due to VR E. faecalis was associated with >2-fold-lower in-hospital mortality than bacteremia due to VR E. faecium. Interestingly, bacteremia due to VR E. faecalis was associated with longer hospital stay after VRE isolation, although total length of stay was similar for groups with VR E. faecalis and VR E. faecium. Bacteremia due to VR E. faecalis was associated with a >2-fold-lower risk for mortality than bacteremia due to VR E. faecium, possibly due to the availability of ß-lactam therapeutics for treatment of VR E. faecalis.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Enterococcus faecalis/pathogenicity , Enterococcus faecium/pathogenicity , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Vancomycin/administration & dosage , beta-Lactams/administration & dosage , Adult , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/epidemiology , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteremia/mortality , Enterococcus faecalis/isolation & purification , Enterococcus faecium/isolation & purification , Female , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , United States/epidemiology , Vancomycin/therapeutic use , Vancomycin Resistance , beta-Lactams/therapeutic useABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Colistin, originally abandoned due to high rates of nephrotoxicity, has been recently reintroduced due to activity against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organisms. Recent literature, largely obtained from outside the United States, suggests a lower rate of nephrotoxicity than historically reported. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of all patients who received colistin for ≥ 48 hours at the Detroit Medical Center over a 5-year period was performed to determine the rate of colistin-associated nephrotoxicity as defined by the RIFLE criteria. RESULTS: Fifty-four (43%) patients in the cohort developed nephrotoxicity. Patients who experienced nephrotoxicity after colistin administration were in the Risk (13%), Injury (17%), or Failure (13%) categories per RIFLE criteria. Patients who developed nephrotoxicity received significantly higher mean doses than those who did not (5.48 mg/kg per day vs 3.95 mg/kg per day; P < .001), and the toxicity occurred in a dose-dependent fashion. Independent predictors for nephrotoxicity were a colistin dose of ≥ 5.0 mg/kg per day of ideal body weight (odds ratio [OR], 23.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3-103.55), receipt of concomitant rifampin (OR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.42-10.2), and coadministration of ≥ 3 concomitant nephrotoxins (OR, 6.80; 95% CI, 1.42-32.49). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective cohort, nephrotoxicity (as defined by RIFLE criteria) occurred among 43% of treated patients in a dose-dependent manner. Higher colistin doses, similar to those commonly used in the United States, led to a relatively high rate of nephrotoxicity. These data raise important questions regarding the safe use of colistin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
