Efficacy and safety of intra-arterial thrombolysis for retinal artery occlusion based on the green channel for eye stroke / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To explore the short-term efficacy and safety of intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT) in the treatment of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) with the assistance of the rescue green channel in the eye stroke center.Methods:A prospective, interventional, single-center study. Thirty-eight eyes from 38 RAO patients who received IAT treatment in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital were enrolled. All the patients were rescued via the green channel in our eye stroke center. Data from comprehensive ocular examinations including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were collected. BCVA was measured with Snellen chart and converted to the logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) unit for statistical analysis. RTVue XR OCTA was used to measure vascular densities (VD) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC), and central retinal thickness (CRT). All RAO eyes attempted IAT treatment and 34 eyes were successful. Four eyes failed to complete IAT because of the occlusion of internal or common carotid arteries on the same side with the RAO eyes. Ocular examinations in post-operative 1-3 days were performed with the same devices and methods as those before surgery. Parameters measured before and after surgery include BCVA, VD of SCP, DCP, RPC, and CRT. Data of the green channel collected include the time intervals from onset of RAO to first presentation in local hospitals, and from onset of RAO to our eye stroke center. Comparisons of VD and CRT between the RAO eyes and contralateral healthy eyes were performed with independent samples Mann-Whitney U test; comparisons of VD and CRT in RAO eyes before and after IAT surgery were performed with paired samples Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Results:Among the 34 RAO patients who had successful IAT surgery, 18 (52.9%, 18/34) were males and 16 (47.1%, 16/34) were females; the mean age was (51.0±12.9) years old. There were 30 and 4 eyes diagnosed as central RAO and branch RAO respectively. The logMAR BCVA before and after IAT surgery was 2.52±0.61 and 2.18±0.85 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-3.453, P=0.002). Before surgery, VD of SCP, DCP and RPC were significantly decreased and CRT was significantly increased in the affected eye compared with the contralateral healthy eyes, with the statistical significance ( P<0.001). Compared with those before surgery, the VD of SCP and DCP were significantly improved after surgery ( Z=-2.523, -2.427; P=0.010, 0.014), while there was no difference in VD of RPC and CRT ( Z=-1.448, -1.454; P=0.150, 0.159). The time interval between onset of RAO and first visit to the hospital was (6.56±6.73) hours; the time interval between onset of RAO and the arrival at our hospital was (24.11±19.90) hours. No cerebral stroke was observed in the early postoperative period and no cerebrocardiovascular events were observed later. he time interval between onset of RAO and the arrival at our hospital was (24.11±19.90) hours. No cerebral stroke was observed in the early postoperative period and no cerebrocardiovascular events were observed later. Conclusions:The short-term efficacy and safety of IAT in the treatment of RAO were satisfactory. The rescue time window might be prolonged.

Non-coding RNAs: a promising target for early metastasis intervention / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Metastases account for the overwhelming majority of cancer-associated deaths. The dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant organs involves a complex process known as the invasion-metastasis cascade. The underlying biological mechanisms of metastasis, however, remain largely elusive. Recently, the discovery and characterization of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have revealed the diversity of their regulatory roles, especially as key contributors throughout the metastatic cascade. Here, we review recent progress in how three major types of ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are involved in the multistep procedure of metastasis. We further examine interactions among the three ncRNAs as well as current progress in their regulatory mechanisms. We also propose the prevention of metastasis in the early stages of cancer progression and discuss current translational studies using ncRNAs as targets for metastasis diagnosis and treatments. These studies provide insights into developing more effective strategies to target metastatic relapse.

[Effect of different surface processes on the bond strength between zirconia framework and veneering ceramic].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of different surface processes on bond strength and microscopic structure using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy distribution spectrum (EDS) at the bonding interface between zirconia framework and veneering ceramic. METHODS: WIELAND zirconia core material was cut into 33 rectangular specimens and fired on into rectangular specimens (10 mm×5 mm×5 mm). The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n=
11). The sandblasting group was sandblasted before firing. The sandblasting and liner coverage group was sandblasted before firing and then sintered with liner coverage after firing. The control group was not processed. All the veneering ceramics (5 mm×
5 mm×5 mm) were fired on into the zirconia substructure by slip-casting technique. One bilayered specimen in each group was prepared for SEM and EDS to examine the bonding conditions. The other specimens were measured for shear force using an electronic universal dynamometer. The data obtained were analyzed by using the statistical software SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: The values of the shear bond strength test were (13.80±1.54) MPa for the control group, (18.06±0.59) MPa for the sandblasting group, and (21.04±1.23) MPa for the sandblasting and liner coverage group. Significant differences existed among the three groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Abrasion before firing significantly increases the shear bond strength of zirconia to veneering porcelain. The use of porcelain combined with liner increases the shear bond strength.

Risk factors associated with retinal vein occlusion / 眼科新进展

Objective To perform a risk factor analysis of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO),and compare the difference in risk factors between CRVO and BRVO.Methods Retrospective observational casecontrol study included 46 CRVO patients,33 BRVO patients and 79 control subjects with senile cataract or refractive error,the risk factors and blood lipid spectrum analysis were performed and compared.Results Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that higher serum levels of homocysteine (P ＜ 0.000 1),total cholesterol (P =0.003 0),lipoprotein (a) (P =0.027 0),hypertension (P =0.022 0) and shorter axial length (P ＜0.000 1) were significantly correlated with CRVO.BRVO was associated with higher serum levels of homocysteine (P ＜0.000 1),total cholesterol (P =0.008 0),hypertension (P =0.002 0),body mass index (P =0.004 0) and shorter axial length (P =0.001 0).There was no significant difference in risk factors between CRVO and BRVO patients on multivariate analysis.Conclusion Multiple systemic (hyperlipidemia,hypertension and hyperhomocystinemia) and ocular (shorter axial length) risk factors are associated with both CRVO and BRVO,but these risk factors are not different between CRVO and BRVO.