ABSTRACT
T cells and T cell receptors (TCRs) play pivotal roles in adaptive immune responses against tumors. The development of next-generation sequencing technologies has enabled the analysis of the TCRβ repertoire usage. Given the scarce investigations on the TCR repertoire in lung cancer tissues, in this study, we analyzed TCRβ repertoires in lung cancer tissues and the matched distant non-tumor lung tissues (normal lung tissues) from 15 lung cancer patients. Based on our results, the general distribution of T cell clones was similar between cancer tissues and normal lung tissues; however, the proportion of highly expanded clones was significantly higher in normal lung tissues than in cancer tissues (0.021% ± 0.002% vs. 0.016% ± 0.001%, P = 0.0054, Wilcoxon signed rank test). In addition, a significantly higher TCR diversity was observed in cancer tissues than in normal lung tissues (431.37 ± 305.96 vs. 166.20 ± 101.58, P = 0.0075, Mann-Whitney U test). Moreover, younger patients had a significantly higher TCR diversity than older patients (640.7 ± 295.3 vs. 291.8 ± 233.6, P = 0.036, Mann-Whitney U test), and the higher TCR diversity in tumors was significantly associated with worse cancer outcomes. Thus, we provided a comprehensive comparison of the TCR repertoires between cancer tissues and matched normal lung tissues and demonstrated the presence of distinct T cell immune microenvironments in lung cancer patients.
ABSTRACT
Principals. Lightning is one of the most powerful and spectacular natural phenomena. Lightning strikes to humans are uncommon but can cause devastating injuries. We analyzed lightning-related admissions to our emergency department from January 2000 to December 2010 to review and highlight the main features of lightning-related injuries. Methods. All data were collected prospectively and entered in the emergency department' database (Qualicare Switzerland) and retrospectively analyzed. Results. Nine patients with lightning-related injuries presented to our emergency department. Four were female, and five were male. The most common site of injury was the nervous system (6 out of 9 patients) followed by the cardiovascular system (5 out of 9 patients). The third most common injuries occurred to the skin (3 out of 9 patients). Four of the patients had to be hospitalized for further observation. Conclusion. Reports of lightning strikes and related injuries are scarce. The establishment of an international register would therefore benefit the understanding of their injury patterns and facilitate specific treatment.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a quantitative analysis method to determine the contents of 1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry resources such as Morus alba,Excrementum bombycis,Folium mori.METHODS:1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry resources were determined by RP-HPLC method and UV detector on Hypersil C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)column, using acetonitrile-0.1% glacial acetic acid(50 ∶ 50)as moble phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min-1 and the detection wavelength were set at 265 nm with column temperature at 35 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of 1-deoxynojirimycin were from 5.0?10-4 mg?mL-1 to 1.0?10-3 mg?mL-1 (r=0.999 9)with recoveries of 97.7%(RSD=2.0%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible for the quality control of Mulberry resources.
