ABSTRACT
Land-use patterns may affect the distribution characteristics of soil microplastics (MPs), but the effects in the agricultural areas of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are still unknown. This study investigated the abundance of MPs in facility, farmland, grassland, and orchard soils in the Qaidam basin and Hehuang valley of Qinghai Province and analyzed its shape, size, color, and polymer composition distribution characteristics from 105 sites. The average abundance of MPs in facility, farmland, and grassland soils in the Hehuang valley were 2795.7, 1860.5, and 910.9 items kg-1, which were 1.33, 4.84, and 1.50 times higher than those in the Qaidam basin, respectively. Orchard soils had 1322.2 items kg-1 MPs. Soil MPs abundance in grassland and farmland was positively correlated with precipitation and 0 cm ground temperature; and negatively correlated with average wind speed (p < 0.05). Both the particle size of < 1 mm and pellet-shape MPs abundance showed a positive correlation with SOC (p < 0.05). Land-use patterns had the most significant affecting force (51.35%) on soil MPs abundance (p < 0.0001). Hence, land-use patterns, regional climate, and soil properties influence the distribution characteristics of soil MPs; besides, the land-use patterns were dominant.
Subject(s)
Microplastics , Soil , Agriculture , Plastics , TibetABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:In order to solve the problems of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) stents, such as poor support, acidic metabolites, we researched a novel biogradable stent-PLLA/amorphous calcium plosphate (ACP). OBJECTIVE: To discuss the safety and histocompatibility of the novel biogradable stent-PLLA/ACP stent implanted in the coronary artery in a porcine model. METHODS:Sixteen novel biogradable stents were randomly implanted into the coronary arteries, left anterior descending branch, left circumflex artery or right coronary artery of sixteen healthy Tibet miniature pigs. The blood routine and blood biochemistry were measured pre-operation and at 1 month after operation. The coronary blood vessels where the stent was implanted were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining at 1 and 6 months after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with pre-operation, the post-operation indicators of the blood routine and blood biochemistry were of no significant difference. Coronary angiography revealed coronary artery patency and no thrombosis, the vascular stent segments exhibited clear boundaries with the surrounding tissue, with no tissue adhesion, necrosis, and adherence abnormalities. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that there was no significant difference in vascular injury integral between 1 month after operation and 6 months after operation. However, 6 months after operation, the scores of the inflammation were lower (P < 0.05), and the scores of the endothelialization were increased (P < 0.05). There was no myocardial infarction and inflammatory cellinfiltration around the stent. These results suggest that the novel biodegradable stent has good safety and histocompatibility.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the clinical efficacy of the injection Salvia (freeze-dried, abbr: Salvia powder needle), with fallopian tube recanalization on the treatment of oviduct obstructive infertility. Methods One hundred and ninety-five patients of oviduct obstructive infertility were enrolled in this study and divided into drug group and control group. Salpingography with modified catheter, recanalization and perfusion operation were performed in both two groups. Salvia powder, gentamicin, α-ACT and dexamethasone were injected into test group, while Gentamicin, α-ACT and dexamethasone were injected into control group. Recanalization rate of fallopian tube, rate of intrauterine gestation and rate of ectopic pregancancy were measured and compared between two groups. Results Twelve months after operation, recanalization of fallopian tube of test group and control group was 94.39% and 85.87%, respectively. Twenty-four months after operation, intrauterine gestation rate of test group and control group was 50.00% and 35.71%, respectively. Conclusion Salvia powder combined with modified recanalization operation is helpful to improve the rate of intrauterine gestation.
