ABSTRACT
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as prognostic biomarkers and functional regulators in human tumors. In our study, we aim to investigate the roles of lncRNA SND1-IT1 (SND1-IT1) in retinoblastoma (RB). We observed that SND1-IT1 was highly expressed in both RB specimens and cells, and associated with poorer prognosis of RB patients. Functional investigation revealed that downregulation of SND1-IT1 suppressed RB cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and restrained RB tumorigenesis in vivo. MiR-132-3p was predicted to interact with SND1-IT1. RT-qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays verified the regulation of miR-132-3p by SND1-IT1 in RB cells. In addition, SND1-IT1 enhanced the expression of SMAD2 by sponging miR-132-3p. Rescue experiments revealed that knockdown of miR-132-3p reversed the inhibiting effects of miR-132-3p knockdown on RB cells. Overall, SND1-IT1 can promote the progression of RB cells through miR-132-3p/SMAD2 axis, suggesting that l SND1-IT1 might be a novel biomarker and potential target for RB.
Subject(s)
Cell Movement/genetics , Cell Proliferation/genetics , Endonucleases/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Retinal Neoplasms/genetics , Retinoblastoma/genetics , Smad2 Protein/genetics , Carcinogenesis/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Down-Regulation/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Humans , RNA, Long Noncoding , Retinal Neoplasms/pathology , Retinoblastoma/pathologySubject(s)
Optic Disk/pathology , POEMS Syndrome/complications , Papilledema/etiology , Retinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Visual Acuity , Diagnosis, Differential , Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Middle Aged , Ophthalmoscopy , POEMS Syndrome/diagnosis , Papilledema/diagnosis , Retinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Little work has been performed on the long-term outcome of optic neuritis (ON) according to the status of aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) and long-term prognosis in older patients in China. This study retrospectively analyzed medical records in a cohort of Chinese patients with 5-year follow-up according to AQP4-Ab status and ages from January 2009 to December 2010. The clinical features, laboratory findings and risk factors for prognosis were analyzed. A total of 128 ON patients were included, 66.4 % of whom were female. The median age at onset was 36.8 years (range 18-73). Serum AQP4-Ab was positive in 45 (35.2 %) patients, with greater frequency in the female, bilateral, and recurrent ON groups (48.2, 42.5 and 53.6 %, respectively). Seropositive AQP4-Ab ON patients had worse visual recovery compared to seronegative patients (p = 0.033). The average and four quadrants of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were significantly thinner in the seropositive group than in the seronegative group (p < 0.05). At 5-year follow-up, the ON recurrence rate was higher in the seropositive AQP4-Ab patients (37/45, 82.3 %) than in the seronegative patients (35/83, 42.2 %, p < 0.001). Among the seropositive patients, 40 % (18/45) developed neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Only 1.2 % (1/83) of the seronegative patients developed NMO and 4.8 % (4/83) developed to MS. Further, the multivariate analysis in seropositive AQP4-Ab patients showed that two risk factors for transverse myelitis (TM) episode were ocular pain and recurrence within 1 year. The older patients had worse visual outcome after the first episode of ON than the younger patients (p = 0.007). However, the two groups did not differ significantly with regard to prevalence of AQP4-Ab, long-term visual recovery and the risk of developing to NMO/MS.
Subject(s)
Antibodies/blood , Aquaporin 4/immunology , Optic Neuritis/metabolism , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , China , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Myelitis, Transverse/blood , Optic Neuritis/immunology , Optic Neuritis/physiopathology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of a hydrogel orbital implant and its rate of vascularization in an experimental study. METHODS: The implant was made of copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Thirty-two hydrogel orbital implants were implanted into the right orbit of 32 New Zealand albino rabbits. The rate of vascularization was examined by SPECT, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Single Positron Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) examination showed that a radiotracer could be found locally concentrated on hydrogel orbital implants in vivo along with time. On light microscopy, implants fibro vascular tissue invade the pores of the hydrogel orbital implant after 2 weeks and gradually invaded the implant deeper and deeper from 4 to 8 weeks, almost all implants were fully vascularized after 12 weeks with a relatively spare inflammatory reaction. Only one case needed additional surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The hydrogel orbital implant has many advantages, such as well biocompatible, fast vascularization, simple operation and low complication of surgery. It is safe and applicable for clinical use as a new type of orbital implant material.
