Cardioprotection by Poloxamer 188 is Mediated through Increased Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury significantly contributes to the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac events. Poloxamer 188 (P188), a nonionic triblock copolymer, has been proposed to mitigate I/R injury by stabilizing cell membranes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood, particularly concerning endothelial cell function and nitric oxide (NO) production. We employed human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) and endothelial cells (ECs) to elucidate the effects of P188 on cellular survival, function, and NO secretion under simulated I/R conditions. iPSC-CMs contractility and iPSC-ECs' NO production were assessed following exposure to P188. Further, an isolated heart model using Brown Norway rats subjected to I/R injury was utilized to evaluate the ex-vivo cardioprotective effects of P188, examining cardiac function and NO production, with and without the administration of a NO inhibitor. In iPSC-derived models, P188 significantly preserved CM contractile function and enhanced cell viability after hypoxia/reoxygenation. Remarkably, P188 treatment led to a pronounced increase in NO secretion in iPSC-ECs, a novel finding demonstrating endothelial protective effects beyond membrane stabilization. In the rat isolated heart model, administration of P188 during reperfusion notably improved cardiac function and reduced I/R injury markers. This cardioprotective effect was abrogated by NO inhibition, underscoring the pivotal role of NO. Additionally, a dose-dependent increase in NO production was observed in non-ischemic rat hearts treated with P188, further establishing the critical function of NO in P188 induced cardioprotection. In conclusion, our comprehensive study unveils a novel role of NO in mediating the protective effects of P188 against I/R injury. This mechanism is evident in both cellular models and intact rat hearts, highlighting the potential of P188 as a therapeutic agent against I/R injury. Our findings pave the way for further investigation into P188's therapeutic mechanisms and its potential application in clinical settings to mitigate I/R-related cardiac dysfunction.

USP47 deficiency in mice modulates tumor infiltrating immune cells and enhances antitumor immune responses in prostate cancer.

This study investigates the role of USP47, a deubiquitinating enzyme, in the tumor microenvironment and its impact on antitumor immune responses. Analysis of TCGA database revealed distinct expression patterns of USP47 in various tumor tissues and normal tissues. Prostate adenocarcinoma showed significant downregulation of USP47 compared to normal tissue. Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive association between USP47 expression levels and infiltrating CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages, while showing a negative correlation with NKT cells. Furthermore, using Usp47 knockout mice, we observed a slower tumor growth rate and reduced tumor burden. The absence of USP47 led to increased infiltration of immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, NK cells, NKT cells, and T cells. Additionally, USP47 deficiency resulted in enhanced activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and altered T cell subsets within the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that USP47 plays a critical role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and promoting antitumor immune responses, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in prostate cancer.

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: imaging characteristics and misdiagnosis analysis.

Objective: To analyze the CT and MR features of Primary hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PHNENs) in order to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of this disease. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, excluding other sites of origin through general examination and postoperative follow-up. The CT and MR signs were analyzed according to the 2018 version of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS), along with causes of misdiagnosis. Results: Twelve patients, including 6 males and 6 females, were enrolled in this study. There was no significant increase in liver tumor markers among all cases. Most masses were multiple (9/12), exhibiting low attenuation on pre-contrast CT scans, T1-hypointense signal, T2-hyperintense signal, and restricted diffusion. The majority of these masses (7/10) demonstrated similar rim arterial phase hyper-enhancement as well as peripheral "washout" during venous portal phase and delayed phase imaging. Three cases had incomplete capsules while one case had a complete capsule. Cyst/necrosis was observed in 7 out of all cases following administration of contrast agent, with 5 mainly distributed in the periphery. All masses lacked fat, calcification, vascular or bile duct tumor thrombus formation. Conclusion: The imaging findings associated with PHNENs possess certain specificity, often presenting as multiple masses within the liver accompanied by peripheral cyst/necrosis, similar rim arterial phase hyper-enhancement during venous portal phase and delayed phase imaging.

[Randomized,double-blind,parallel controlled,multicenter clinical trial of effectiveness and safety of Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment in alleviating pain in knee osteoarthritis(syndrome of cold-dampness obstruction)].

The Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment with the effects of dispelling wind, removing dampness, dissipating cold, and relieving pain is used for treating arthralgia, muscular pain, and sprain pain caused by cold-dampness obstruction. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment in relieving the pain due to knee osteoarthritis(syndrome of cold-dampness obstruction), a randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted. The stratified randomization method was used to randomize the 240 subjects into a treatment group and a control group in a ratio of 1∶1. In each group, 60 patients received external application for 12 h and the other 60 patients received external application for 6 h. The treatment group received external application of Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment, while the control group received external application of Shexiang Zhuifeng Ointment. The treatment lasted for 21 days in both groups. Follow-up was conducted on days 7, 14, and 21 of treatment. The results based on the full analysis set were as follows.(1)In visual analog scale(VAS) score, the mean difference in the VAS score between baseline and 12 h post-treatment was 3.02 in the treatment group and 2.31 in the control group, with a significant difference(P<0.05). The mean difference in the VAS score between baseline and 6 h post-treatment was 3.19 in the treatment group and 2.48 in the control group, with a significant difference(P<0.05).(2)Response rate in terms of VAS score, after treatment for 12 h, the response rate was 93.22% in the treatment group and 73.33% in the control group, with a significant difference(P<0.05). After treatment for 6 h, theresponse rate in the treatment group was 88.33%, which was higher than that(63.33%) in the control group(P<0.05).The results showed that Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment applied for 12 and 6 h effectively relieved the knee joint pain of patients with knee osteoarthritis due to cold-dampness obstruction, as demonstrated by the reduced VAS score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index(WOMAC), stiffness, and joint function score. Moreover, Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment outperformed the positive control Shexiang Zhuifeng Ointment in terms of reducing the VAS score, demonstrating a definitetherapeutic effect on the pain due to knee osteoarthritis(syndrome of cold-dampness obstruction).In addition, Shexiang Zhuifeng Zhitong Ointment did not cause other adverse reactions except for mild allergic reactions, which were common in the external application of traditional Chinese medicine plasters on the skin, inseveral patients.Neither other adverse reactions nor abnormalities of liver and kidney functions and electrocardiogram were observed. This ointment had high safety and could be popularized in clinical application.

Characterization of Fusarium species causing head blight of highland barley (qingke) in Tibet, China.

Most of the research on the characterization of Fusarium species focused on wheat, barley, rice, and maize in China. However, there has been limited research in highland barley (qingke). Recently, Fusarium head blight (FHB) of qingke was recently observed in Tibet, China, especially around the Brahmaputra River. To gain a better understanding of the pathogens involver, 201 Fusarium isolates were obtained from qingke samples in 2020. Among these isolates, the most abundant species was F. avenaceum (45.3 %), followed by F. equiseti (27.8 %), F. verticillioides (13.9 %), F. acuminatum (9.0 %), F. flocciferum (3.5 %), and F. proliferatum (0.5 %). The distribution of Fusarium species varied along the Brahmaputra River, with F. avenaceum being predominant in the midstream and downstream regions, while F. equiseti was more common in the upstream region. Chemical analyses of all the isolates revealed the production of different mycotoxins by various Fusarium species. It was found that enniatins were produced by F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, and F. flocciferum, beauvericin (BEA) and fumonisins were produced F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides, and zearalenone (ZEN) and nivalenol (NIV) were produced by F. equiseti. Pathogenicity test showed that F. avenaceum was more aggressive in causing FHB compared to F. acuminatum, F. equiseti, and F. flocciferum. The disease severity, measured by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was significantly positively (P < 0.01) correlated with the concentration of total toxins produced by each species. Furthermore, all the Fusarium strains which were used for pathogenicity test were susceptible to carbendazim, and the 50 % effective concentration (EC50) ranged from 0.406 µg/mL to 0.673 µg/mL with an average EC50 of 0.551 ± 0.012 µg/mL.

α-ketoglutarate downregulates thiosulfate metabolism to enhance antibiotic killing.

Potentiation of the effects of currently available antibiotics is urgently required to tackle the rising antibiotics resistance. The pyruvate (P) cycle has been shown to play a critical role in mediating aminoglycoside antibiotic killing, but the mechanism remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of intermediate metabolites of the P cycle regarding the potentiation of gentamicin. We found that α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) has the best synergy with gentamicin compared to the other metabolites. This synergistic killing effect was more effective with aminoglycosides than other types of antibiotics, and it was effective against various types of bacterial pathogens. Using fish and mouse infection models, we confirmed that the synergistic killing effect occurred in vivo. Furthermore, functional proteomics showed that α-KG downregulated thiosulfate metabolism. Upregulation of thiosulfate metabolism by exogenous thiosulfate counteracted the killing effect of gentamicin. The role of thiosulfate metabolism in antibiotic resistance was further confirmed using thiosulfate reductase knockout mutants. These mutants were more sensitive to gentamicin killing, and less tolerant to antibiotics compared to their parental strain. Thus, our study highlights a strategy for potentiating antibiotic killing by using a metabolite that reduces antibiotic resistance.

Work experience of breastfeeding nurses returning to work after maternity leave in Liaoning Province of China: A qualitative study.

AIM: With the implementation of China's three-child policy in 2021, the nurse population faces an increase in the number of breastfeeding nurses returning to work after maternity leave. This study aims to describe the work experience of breastfeeding nurses returning to work after maternity leave. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive design. METHODS: The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight nurses and analysed through Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three themes and nine sub-themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews: changes in nurses (emotional changes, physical changes and changes in work); needs for an improving work environment (needs for a supportive workplace and nurse shortage); support for breastfeeding nurses (support from coworkers, support from the manager, support from the organisation and own need for work). PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This study highlighted that breastfeeding nurses need an adjustment period when they return to work after maternity leave. Successful breastfeeding requires support from coworkers, managers and the organisation. In addition, workplace support for breastfeeding and management for nurses needs to be improved.

Resilience provides mediating effect of resilience between fear of progression and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Hematological tumors are common malignant tumors, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Most patients with hematological malignancies develop sleep disorders that seriously affect their life and health because of acute onset of disease, rapid progression, high recurrence rates, complex treatment methods, and treatment costs. AIM: To explore the mediating effect of resilience on fear of disease progression and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 100 patients with hematological malignancies, treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between August 2022 and August 2023, was conducted. Patients were assessed using a general data survey, a simplified scale for the fear of progression (FoP) of disease, a resilience scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between various patient characteristics and FoP, resilience, and sleep quality. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations between mental resilience, FoP, and sleep quality. RESULTS: The total FoP score mean value in patients with hematological malignancies was 38.09 ± 5.16; the total resilience score mean value was 40.73 ± 7.04; and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score mean value was 10.72 ± 1.90. FoP, resilience, and sleep quality of the patients were associated with family per capita monthly income and patient education level (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed that FoP was negatively correlated with resilience and sleep quality scores (r = -0.560, -0.537, P < 0.01), respectively, and resilience was significantly associated with sleep quality scores (r = 0.688, P < 0.01). Mediation analysis showed that the mediating effect of resilience between FoP and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies was -0.100 and accounted for 50.51% of the total effect. This indicated that FoP directly and indirectly affected sleep quality through the mesomeric effect of resilience. CONCLUSION: Resilience is an intermediary variable between FoP and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies. Medical staff should evaluate and follow-up FoP and resilience to implement measures to improve sleep quality.

Renal Lesions with Low-level Enhancement on Contrast-enhanced CT Promotes Early Detection of Drug-induced Kidney Injury in Patients Administered Anticancer Drugs.

BACKGROUND: Some patients with cancer-administered anti-cancer drugs may develop renal lesions with low-level enhancement on follow-up abdominal computed tomography (CT). OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of renal lesions with low-level enhancement on CT after exposure to anti-cancer drugs. METHODS: Medical records of patients with cancer who developed renal lesions on CT after exposure to anti-cancer drugs were retrospectively reviewed. Renal lesions were scored according to the extent of involvement, CT attenuation values of lesions and normal parenchyma were measured on precontrast CT and three phases of contrast-enhanced CT, and changes in serum creatinine (SCr) from one week before exposure to drugs to one week before and after the appearance of renal lesions were recorded. RESULTS: This study included 54 patients (86 lesions). Lesions were slightly lower density on pre-contrast CT, and less enhancing than normal renal parenchyma, especially in the delayed phase. Lesions were wedge-shaped, and involved the renal pyramid and associated renal cortex, as well as, were single or multiple, and occurred in the unilateral or bilateral kidneys. There were patchy and cord-like shadows of increased density in adjacent perirenal adipose tissue. During follow-up, lesions disappeared in 15 patients and persisted in 39 patients without significant progression. There were significant differences in renal lesions and normal renal parenchyma CT attenuation values in each phase of contrast-enhanced CT. Change in SCr level was significantly positively correlated with lesion score. CONCLUSION: Renal lesions with low-level enhancement on CT suggest early drug-induced kidney injury. These findings will inform clinical decision-making.

Generation and analysis of TPI deficiency zebrafish model.

Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency (TPI DF) is a severe multisystem degenerative disease, manifested clinically as hemolytic anemia, neuromuscular abnormalities, and susceptibility to infection, frequently leading to death within 5 years of onset. There is a lack of effective clinical treatment as the pathogenesis underlying TPI DF remains largely unknown. In this study, we generate a transgenic zebrafish line [Tg(Ubi:TPI1E105D-eGFP)] with the human TPI1E105D (hTPI1E105D) mutation, which is the most recurrent mutation in TPI DF patients. Overexpression of hTPI1E105D affects the development of erythroid and myeloid cells and leads to impaired neural and muscular development. In conclusion, we create a TPI DF zebrafish model to recapitulate the majority clinical features of TPI DF patients, providing a new animal model for pathogenesis study and drug screening of TPI DF.

Glycosides constituents from Codonopsis pilosula.

A new glycoside (1) along with six known analogues (1-7) were isolated from Codonopsis pilosula collected at Shanxi in China. The structure of 1 was established based on comprehensive spectroscopic data and literature comparison. The anti-inflammatory effects of isolated compounds were further investigated in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage.

A case of multiple ART intolerance responds to Albuvirtide and Dolutegravir: Case report and literature review.

Upon confirming an HIV diagnosis, patients need to start life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART) as soon as possible. During HIV treatment, ART drugs can cause intolerable adverse reactions, leading to poor medication compliance, treatment failure, and advancement of the HIV stage. Herein, we report a case of AIDS intolerant to multiple antiviral drugs due to side effects that we finally stabilized with the Albuvirtide (ABT) and Dolutegravir (DTG) combination. A 48 -year-old woman developed intractable nausea, vomiting and abdominal discomfort within one month of starting ART. Over the course of four years, she was switched to four different ART regimens due to her intolerance of severe adverse effects, mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, rash, and lethargy. Over four years, she failed to attain viral suppression due to poor drug compliance. After several ART changes, we started her on the Long-acting antiretroviral therapy (LA ART), Albuvirtide, combined with Dolutegravir, which she tolerated well. The patient's general condition improved significantly and attained marked virologic suppression. The patient's condition has been well controlled for nearly two years with good adherence. This case emphasizes the influence of ART treatment options on medication compliance and the outcome of HIV infection.

A Pre-Leukemic DNA Methylation Signature in Healthy Individuals at Higher Risk for Developing Myeloid Malignancy.

PURPOSE: DNA methylation alterations are widespread in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), some of which appear to have evolved independently of somatic mutations in epigenetic regulators. Although the presence of somatic mutations in peripheral blood can predict the risk of development of AML and MDS, its accuracy remains unsatisfactory. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed global DNA methylation profiling in a case control study nested within the Singapore Chinese Health Study to evaluate whether DNA methylation alterations were associated with AML/MDS development. Targeted deep sequencing and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) were performed on peripheral blood collected a median of 9.9 years before diagnosis of AML or MDS, together with age-matched still-healthy individuals as controls. RESULTS: Sixty-six individuals who developed AML or MDS displayed significant DNA methylation changes in the peripheral blood compared with 167 age- and gender-matched controls who did not develop AML/MDS during the follow-up period. Alterations in methylation in the differentially methylation regions were associated with increased odds of developing AML/MDS. CONCLUSIONS: The epigenetic changes may be acquired independently and before somatic mutations that are relevant for AML/MDS development. The association between methylation changes and the risk of pre-AML/MDS in these individuals was considerably stronger than somatic mutations, suggesting that methylation changes could be used as biomarkers for pre-AML/MDS screening.

Cost-effectiveness of mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma in China.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the economic value of mepolizumab as an add-on therapy to the standard of care (SoC) for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma in China. METHODS: A Markov model with three health conditions was constructed to calculate the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in mepolizumab with SoC and SoC only groups from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system throughout an entire lifespan. The model was populated with local costs, while efficacy parameters were obtained from the global Phase III MENSA trial and mortality was derived from two surveys. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Additional scenario analysis was used to estimate the cost-effectiveness impact of changes in the price of mepolizumab. RESULTS: Over the lifetime treatment horizon, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of mepolizumab plus SoC compared to SoC alone was $170 648.73 per QALY. Sensitivity analyses focused on these results. Scenario analysis showed that mepolizumab would require a price reduction of at least 82% to reach the current willingness-to-pay (WTP=$38 223.34/QALY) threshold. CONCLUSION: Mepolizumab is not a cost-effective healthcare resource in China at its current pricing.

Comparison of continuous 24-hour and 14-day ECG monitoring for the detection of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with ischemic stroke or syncope.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies show that using 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) or 24-h ECG monitor for the detection of cardiac arrhythmia events in patients with stroke or syncope is ineffective. HYPOTHESIS: The 14-day continuous ECG patch has higher detection rates of arrhythmias compared with conventional 24-h ECG monitoring in patients with ischemic stroke or syncope. METHODS: This cross-sectional study of patients with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke or syncope received a 24-h ECG monitoring and 14-day continuous cardiac monitoring patch and the arrhythmia events were measured. RESULTS: This study enrolled 83 patients with ischemic stroke or syncope. The detection rate of composite cardiac arrhythmias was significantly higher for the 14-day ECG patch than 24-h Holter monitor (69.9% vs. 21.7%, p = .006). In patients with ischemic stroke, the detection rates of cardiac arrhythmias were 63.4% for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), 7% for ventricular tachycardia (VT), 5.6% for atrial fibrillation (AF), 4.2% for atrioventricular block (AVB), and 1.4% for pause by 14-day ECG patch, respectively. The significant difference in arrhythmic detection rates were found for SVT (45.8%), AF (6%), pause (1.2%), AVB (2.4%), and VT (9.6%) by 14-day ECG patch but not by 24-h Holter monitor in patients with ischemic stroke or syncope. CONCLUSIONS: A 14-day ECG patch can be used on patients with ischemic stroke or syncope for the early detection of AF or other cardiac arrhythmia events. The patch can be helpful for physicians in planning medical or mechanical interventions of patients with ischemic stroke and occult AF.

Technological Challenges and Solutions in Emergency Remote Teaching for Nursing: An International Cross-Sectional Survey.

OBJECTIVES: With the sudden global shift to online learning modalities, this study aimed to understand the unique challenges and experiences of emergency remote teaching (ERT) in nursing education. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive online international cross-sectional survey to capture the current state and firsthand experiences of ERT in the nursing discipline. Our analytical methods included a combination of traditional statistical analysis, advanced natural language processing techniques, latent Dirichlet allocation using Python, and a thorough qualitative assessment of feedback from open-ended questions. RESULTS: We received responses from 328 nursing educators from 18 different countries. The data revealed generally positive satisfaction levels, strong technological self-efficacy, and significant support from their institutions. Notably, the characteristics of professors, such as age (p = 0.02) and position (p = 0.03), influenced satisfaction levels. The ERT experience varied significantly by country, as evidenced by satisfaction (p = 0.05), delivery (p = 0.001), teacher-student interaction (p = 0.04), and willingness to use ERT in the future (p = 0.04). However, concerns were raised about the depth of content, the transition to online delivery, teacher-student interaction, and the technology gap. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings can help advance nursing education. Nevertheless, collaborative efforts from all stakeholders are essential to address current challenges, achieve digital equity, and develop a standardized curriculum for nursing education.

Recent advances in the knowledge of the mechanism of reflux hypersensitivity.

Reflux hypersensitivity (RH) is a subtype of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The Rome IV criteria separated RH from the original nonerosive reflux disease subgroup and classified it as a new functional oesophageal disease. Recently, the pathogenesis of RH has become the focus of research. According to the latest research reports, upregulation of acid-sensitive receptors, distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive nerve fibres, and psychiatric comorbidity have key roles in the pathogenesis of RH. This work reviews the latest findings regarding RH mechanisms.

Quantitative Perfusion Analysis of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Might Help Differentiate Benign and Malignant Solid Cystic Lesions of the Kidney: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND: Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) is a rare benign lesion that appears as a solid cystic renal lesion or complex renal cystic lesion on medical imaging. There are no definite imaging criteria for METSK diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a solid cystic renal mass that was evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) during an imaging workup. The patient underwent nephrectomy and histopathological confirmation of MESTK. The lesions showed hypoenhancement during the process. Quantitative perfusion analysis showed the septation of the solid cystic lesion to have lower peak enhancement with a longer rise time compared to the normal renal cortex. DISCUSSION: CEUS can visualize the microcirculation of the organ and reconstruction of the vessels. By providing a more detailed visualization of the microvessel, CEUS is a useful tool for further characterizing renal lesions that show indeterminate enhancement on CT. This study determined the time to peak to be shorter for the cancerous lesion than the normal renal cortex, while peak intensity did not differ between the cancerous lesion and the normal renal cortex. CONCLUSION: Quantitative perfusion analysis of CEUS may be useful for differentiating benign and malignant solid cystic renal masses. Further investigation is needed to determine whether peak intensity is a useful parameter in differentiating benign and malignant solid cystic lesions of the kidney.

Visualizing the interfacial-layer-based epitaxial growth process toward organic core-shell architectures.

Organic heterostructures (OHTs) with the desired geometry organization on micro/nanoscale have undergone rapid progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology. However, it is a significant challenge to elucidate the epitaxial-growth process for various OHTs composed of organic units with a lattice mismatching ratio of > 3%, which is unimaginable for inorganic heterostructures. Herein, we have demonstrated a vivid visualization of the morphology evolution of epitaxial-growth based on a doped interfacial-layer, which facilitates the comprehensive understanding of the hierarchical self-assembly of core-shell OHT with precise spatial configuration. Significantly, the barcoded OHT with periodic shells obviously illustrate the shell epitaxial-growth from tips to center parts along the seeded rods for forming the core-shell OHT. Furthermore, the diameter, length, and number of periodic shells were modulated by finely tuning the stoichiometric ratio, crystalline time, and temperature, respectively. This epitaxial-growth process could be generalized to organic systems with facile chemical/structural compatibility for forming the desired OHTs.